基于负μ传输线的电偶极子和环天线设计
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摘要
负μ传输线是一种通过串联电容加载来获得等效负磁导率的人工电磁材料,利用其零传播常数的性质,可以设计具有无限大波长且谐振频率与尺寸无关的谐振器,从而实现天线的小型化和宽带化.本文以基于分段线结构的负μ传输线为例,分别设计了具有宽带特性的电偶极子和环天线.测试结果表明长度为107 mm (1. 03λ_0@2. 9 GHz)的电偶极子可获得的阻抗带宽约为1. 4 GHz(2. 2～3. 6 GHz,48%),并且该天线在工作带宽内具有稳定的E面方向图.直径为52 mm(0. 5λ_0@2. 9 GHz)的环天线可获得的阻抗带宽约为1 GHz (2. 4～3. 4GHz,34%),并且环上具有均匀的电流分布,从而具有磁偶极子的辐射特性.测试和仿真结果吻合较好.
Mu-negative( MNG) transmission linesare artificial structureswhereseries-loaded capacitors are used to effectively obtain negative permeability.Because they have apropagation constant of zero,MNG transmission linescan be used to design resonators with an infinite wavelength and a resonance frequency independent of size to realize compact antenna designs with wide bandwidths.In this study,a wide-bandwidth dipole antenna and a loop antenna with a segmented line structure based on an MNG transmission line are proposed and fabricated.The proposed dipole antenna can operate ata wide impedance bandwidth of 1. 4 GHz( 2. 2-3. 6 GHz,48%) with a length of 107 mm( 1. 03λ_0@ 2. 9 GHz) and exhibits stable E-plane radiation patterns.The proposed loop antenna can operate ata wide bandwidth of 1GHz( 2. 4-3. 4 GHz,34%) with a diameter of 52 mm( 0. 5λ_0@ 2. 9 GHz).Moreover,the proposed loop antenna has a uniform current distribution; thus,radiation characteristics equivalent to those of a magnetic dipole can be obtained.The experimentaland simulation results demonstrate good agreement.
Mu-negative( MNG) transmission linesare artificial structureswhereseries-loaded capacitors are used to effectively obtain negative permeability.Because they have apropagation constant of zero,MNG transmission linescan be used to design resonators with an infinite wavelength and a resonance frequency independent of size to realize compact antenna designs with wide bandwidths.In this study,a wide-bandwidth dipole antenna and a loop antenna with a segmented line structure based on an MNG transmission line are proposed and fabricated.The proposed dipole antenna can operate ata wide impedance bandwidth of 1. 4 GHz( 2. 2-3. 6 GHz,48%) with a length of 107 mm( 1. 03λ_0@ 2. 9 GHz) and exhibits stable E-plane radiation patterns.The proposed loop antenna can operate ata wide bandwidth of 1GHz( 2. 4-3. 4 GHz,34%) with a diameter of 52 mm( 0. 5λ_0@ 2. 9 GHz).Moreover,the proposed loop antenna has a uniform current distribution; thus,radiation characteristics equivalent to those of a magnetic dipole can be obtained.The experimentaland simulation results demonstrate good agreement.
引文
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[2] Lee J G,Lee J H. Zeroth order resonance loop antenna[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2007,55(3):994-997
[3] Jang T,Choi J,Lim S. Compact coplanar waveguide(CPW)-fed zeroth-order resonant antennas with extended bandwidth and high efficiency on vialess single layer[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2011,59(2):363-372
[4] Qing X,Goh C K,Chen Z N.Segmented loop antenna for UHF near-field RFID applications[J]. Electronics Letters,2009,45(17):872-873
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[6] Chen Z N,Qing X M,Shi J,et al.Review of zero-phaseshift-line loop antennas for UHF near-field RFID readers[J]. IEEE Journal of Radio Frequency Identification,2017,1(4):245-252
[7]黄承,王橙,王贵,等.基于分段线电大尺寸偶极子的特高频近场射频识别阅读器天线[C]∥全国微波毫米波会议,2017HUANG Cheng,WANG Cheng,WANG Gui,et al. UHF near field RFID reader antenna based on electrically large segmented dipole[C]∥National Microwave Millimeter Wave Conference,2007
[8] Wei K P,Zhang Z J,Feng Z H.Design of a wide band horizontally polarized omnidirectional printed loop antenna[J]. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,2012,11:49-52
[9] Antoniades M A,Rezaeieh S A,Abbosh A M.Bandwidth and directivity enhancement of metamaterial-loaded loop antennas for microwave imaging applications[C]∥International Workshop on Antenna Technology:Small Antennas.IEEE,2017
[10] Park J H,Ryu Y H,Lee J H.Mu-zero resonance antenna[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2010,58(6):1865-1875
[11] Simorangkir R B V B,Lee Y.A planar dual-band periodic leaky-wave antenna based on a mu-negative(MNG)transmission line[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2015,63(5):2370-2374
[12] Wei K P,Zhang Z J,Feng Z H,et al.A wide band MNGTL dipole antenna with stable radiation patterns[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2013,61(5):2418-2424
[13] Jia X,Piao D.A wide band segmented line dipole antenna with stable radiation patterns[C]∥International Symposium on Antennas.IEEE,2017
[2] Lee J G,Lee J H. Zeroth order resonance loop antenna[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2007,55(3):994-997
[3] Jang T,Choi J,Lim S. Compact coplanar waveguide(CPW)-fed zeroth-order resonant antennas with extended bandwidth and high efficiency on vialess single layer[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2011,59(2):363-372
[4] Qing X,Goh C K,Chen Z N.Segmented loop antenna for UHF near-field RFID applications[J]. Electronics Letters,2009,45(17):872-873
[5] Shi J,Qing X M,Chen Z N.Electrically large zero-phaseshift line grid-array UHF near-field RFID reader antenna[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2014,62(4):2201-2208
[6] Chen Z N,Qing X M,Shi J,et al.Review of zero-phaseshift-line loop antennas for UHF near-field RFID readers[J]. IEEE Journal of Radio Frequency Identification,2017,1(4):245-252
[7]黄承,王橙,王贵,等.基于分段线电大尺寸偶极子的特高频近场射频识别阅读器天线[C]∥全国微波毫米波会议,2017HUANG Cheng,WANG Cheng,WANG Gui,et al. UHF near field RFID reader antenna based on electrically large segmented dipole[C]∥National Microwave Millimeter Wave Conference,2007
[8] Wei K P,Zhang Z J,Feng Z H.Design of a wide band horizontally polarized omnidirectional printed loop antenna[J]. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,2012,11:49-52
[9] Antoniades M A,Rezaeieh S A,Abbosh A M.Bandwidth and directivity enhancement of metamaterial-loaded loop antennas for microwave imaging applications[C]∥International Workshop on Antenna Technology:Small Antennas.IEEE,2017
[10] Park J H,Ryu Y H,Lee J H.Mu-zero resonance antenna[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2010,58(6):1865-1875
[11] Simorangkir R B V B,Lee Y.A planar dual-band periodic leaky-wave antenna based on a mu-negative(MNG)transmission line[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2015,63(5):2370-2374
[12] Wei K P,Zhang Z J,Feng Z H,et al.A wide band MNGTL dipole antenna with stable radiation patterns[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2013,61(5):2418-2424
[13] Jia X,Piao D.A wide band segmented line dipole antenna with stable radiation patterns[C]∥International Symposium on Antennas.IEEE,2017