电网运行风险在线评估中基于灵敏度分析的负荷削减模型
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摘要
传统负荷削减模型通常采用全局寻优得到负荷削减范围,难以满足电网运行风险在线评估的时效性要求。为解决现有的负荷削减模型存在的问题,提出了一种基于灵敏度分析的负荷削减模型,通过计算各支路对母线节点的灵敏度,筛选对越限支路潮流影响显著的母线节点作为负荷削减范围,将全局寻优转换为局部寻优。综合考虑负荷重要程度和计及设备电气耦合关系的临近原则,以各类负荷削减量加权求和最小为目标,采用原对偶内点法计算负荷削减量。所提模型可在保证负荷削减结果正确的前提下,大幅提高计算效率。以IEEE 300节点等系统为例,验证了所提负荷削减模型的正确性和高效性。
The traditional load shedding models usually use global optimization to get the load shedding region,which hardly meets the requirement of timeliness in on-line power system operation risk assessment. In order to solve the problems of the present load-shedding models,a load shedding model based on sensitivity analysis is proposed. By calculating the sensitivity of each branch to each bus,the buses having remarkable influence on the power flow of over-load branches are obtained as the load shedding range,which can convert the global optimization to local optimization. The importance of load bus and adjacency principle regarding the electrical coupling relationship are comprehensively considered,the minimum weighted sum of reduction of different kinds of loads is taken as the object,and the load reduction is calculated by the primal dual interior point method. The proposed model can greatly improve the calculating efficiency on the premise of ensuring correct load shedding results. Taking IEEE 300-bus system and other systems as study cases,the correctness and high-effectiveness of the proposed load shedding model are demonstrated.
The traditional load shedding models usually use global optimization to get the load shedding region,which hardly meets the requirement of timeliness in on-line power system operation risk assessment. In order to solve the problems of the present load-shedding models,a load shedding model based on sensitivity analysis is proposed. By calculating the sensitivity of each branch to each bus,the buses having remarkable influence on the power flow of over-load branches are obtained as the load shedding range,which can convert the global optimization to local optimization. The importance of load bus and adjacency principle regarding the electrical coupling relationship are comprehensively considered,the minimum weighted sum of reduction of different kinds of loads is taken as the object,and the load reduction is calculated by the primal dual interior point method. The proposed model can greatly improve the calculating efficiency on the premise of ensuring correct load shedding results. Taking IEEE 300-bus system and other systems as study cases,the correctness and high-effectiveness of the proposed load shedding model are demonstrated.
引文
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[13]吴子美,刘东,周韩.基于风险的电力系统安全预警的预防性控制决策分析[J].电力自动化设备,2009,29(9):105-109.WU Zimei,LIU Dong,ZHOU Han.Preventive control decision making based on risk analysis for power system security warning[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2009,29(9):105-109.
[14]陈奇,郭瑞鹏.基于改进遗传算法与原对偶内点法的无功优化混合算法[J].电网技术,2008,32(24):50-54.CHEN Qi,GUO Ruipeng.A hybrid reactive power optimization algorithm based on improved genetic algorithm and primal-dual interior point algorithm[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(24):50-54.
[15]高学民.基于优化理论的DTS系统教案自动生成[D].天津:天津大学,2013.GAO Xuemin.Teaching plan for DTS system automatically:generated based on optimization theory[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2013.
[16]刘洋,周家启.大电网可靠性评估最优负荷削减模型[J].重庆大学学报,2003,26(10):52-55.LIU Yang,ZHOU Jiaqi.The optimal load-shedding model in power system reliability assessment[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2003,26(10):52-55.
[2]MAKAROV Y V,RESHETOV I,STROEV V A,et al.Blackout in North America and Europe:analysis and generalization[C]∥2005IEEE Russia Power Technology.St.Petersburg,Russia:IEEE,2005:1-7.
[3]LIU H,SUN Y,WANG P,et al.A novel state selection technique for power system reliability evaluation[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2008,78(6):1019-1027.
[4]赵渊,周家启,刘洋.发输电组合系统可靠性评估中的最优负荷削减模型分析[J].电网技术,2004,28(10):34-37.ZHAO Yuan,ZHOU Jiaqi,LIU Yang.Analysis on optimal load shedding model in reliability evaluation of composite and transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2004,28(10):34-37.
[5]ABOU A A,ZEIN EL-DIN A,SPEA S R.Optimal load shedding in power system[C]∥Eleventh International Middle East Power Systems Conference 2006.El-Minia,Egypt:IEEE,2006:568-575.
[6]KUMAR M R,KUMAR A,PAL Y.Optimal load curtailment based transmission management with FACTS[C]∥2012 IEEE Fifth Power India Conference.Murthal,India:IEEE,2012:1-6.
[7]MORADI M H,ABEDINI M.Optimal load shedding approach in distribution systems for improved voltage stability[C]∥Power Engineering and Optimization Conference.Shah Alam,Malaysia:IEEE,2010:196-200.
[8]RUSTAM V,SERGEY G,VLADISLAV O.Mathematical models and optimal load shedding strategies for power system generation adequacy problem[C]∥2017 14th International Conference on Engineering of Modern Electric Systems.Oradea,Romania:IEEE,2017:41-46.
[9]谢仕炜,胡志坚,宁月.考虑最优负荷削减方向的电网多目标分层随机机会约束规划[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(8):35-42.XIE Shiwei,HU Zhijian,NING Yue.Multi-objective hierarchical stochastic chance-constrained programming considering optimal load-shedding direction[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(8):35-42.
[10]赵渊,周家启,周念成,等.发输电系统可靠性评估的启发式就近负荷削减模型[J].电网技术,2005,29(23):34-39.ZHAO Yuan,ZHOU Jiaqi,ZHOU Niancheng,et al.A heuristic approach to local load shedding scheme for reliability assessment of composite generation and transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2005,29(23):34-39.
[11]傅旭,王锡凡.静态安全分析中的联动切负荷算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(9):82-86.FU Xu,WANG Xifan.New approach to load-shedding in static state security analysis of power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(9):82-86.
[12]李春燕,俞集辉,谢开贵,等.基于扩展关联矩阵的电流跟踪模型和算法[J].电工技术学报,2008,23(4):104-111.LI Chunyan,YU Jihui,XIE Kaigui,et al.Model and algorithm of current tracing based on extended incidence matrix[J].Transactions of China Eletrotechnical Society,2008,23(4):104-111.
[13]吴子美,刘东,周韩.基于风险的电力系统安全预警的预防性控制决策分析[J].电力自动化设备,2009,29(9):105-109.WU Zimei,LIU Dong,ZHOU Han.Preventive control decision making based on risk analysis for power system security warning[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2009,29(9):105-109.
[14]陈奇,郭瑞鹏.基于改进遗传算法与原对偶内点法的无功优化混合算法[J].电网技术,2008,32(24):50-54.CHEN Qi,GUO Ruipeng.A hybrid reactive power optimization algorithm based on improved genetic algorithm and primal-dual interior point algorithm[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(24):50-54.
[15]高学民.基于优化理论的DTS系统教案自动生成[D].天津:天津大学,2013.GAO Xuemin.Teaching plan for DTS system automatically:generated based on optimization theory[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2013.
[16]刘洋,周家启.大电网可靠性评估最优负荷削减模型[J].重庆大学学报,2003,26(10):52-55.LIU Yang,ZHOU Jiaqi.The optimal load-shedding model in power system reliability assessment[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2003,26(10):52-55.