表面形貌对流体动压润滑和摩擦的影响
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摘要
为探求表面形貌参数与粗糙接触界面流体动压润滑和摩擦性能之间的关系,应用有限差分法求解雷诺方程,结合膜厚方程和剪切力(摩擦力)方程,获得了随机粗糙表面接触压力和摩擦力的三维分布状态.通过对三维粗糙随机接触表面进行计算机模拟仿真,理论模型和计算方法得到了验证.随机粗糙接触载荷和摩擦力均随ISO 25178表面形貌参数国际标准中表面高度均方根偏差、表面高度分布偏态和表面展开面积比的增加而非线性增加,随自相关最快衰减率的增加而显著减小,揭示了表面形貌中"峰"和"谷"的特征对接触界面承载能力和摩擦力的影响.研究结果为进一步表面形貌的功能性表征研究提供了理论基础.
In order to explore the relationship between surface topography parameters and fluid dynamic pressure lubrication and friction properties of rough contact interface,the Reynolds equation was solved by finite difference method.Combined with the film thickness equation and shear force(friction)equation,the three-dimensional distribution of contact pressure and friction on random rough surface was obtained.The theoretical model and calculation method were validated through computer simulation of three-dimensional random rough surface.Random rough contact load and friction increase nonlinearly with the increase of some surface topography parameters,such as surface height in the root mean square deviation,surface height distribution skewness and surface area ratio which are in the ISO 25178 international standard.However,they decrease significantly with the increase of the maximum decay rate of autocorrelation.It is revealed that the influence of the characteristics of"peak"and"valley"on the bearing capacity and friction force of contact interface.The results provide a theoretical basis for functional characterization of surface topography.
In order to explore the relationship between surface topography parameters and fluid dynamic pressure lubrication and friction properties of rough contact interface,the Reynolds equation was solved by finite difference method.Combined with the film thickness equation and shear force(friction)equation,the three-dimensional distribution of contact pressure and friction on random rough surface was obtained.The theoretical model and calculation method were validated through computer simulation of three-dimensional random rough surface.Random rough contact load and friction increase nonlinearly with the increase of some surface topography parameters,such as surface height in the root mean square deviation,surface height distribution skewness and surface area ratio which are in the ISO 25178 international standard.However,they decrease significantly with the increase of the maximum decay rate of autocorrelation.It is revealed that the influence of the characteristics of"peak"and"valley"on the bearing capacity and friction force of contact interface.The results provide a theoretical basis for functional characterization of surface topography.
引文
[1]温诗铸,黄平.界面科学与技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2011.
[2] Whitehouse D J.Function maps and role of surfaces[J].Int J Mach Tools Manufact,2001,41(13):1847-1861.
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[4]Gadelmawla E S,Koura M M,Maksoud T M A.Roughness parameters[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2002,123(1):135-145.
[5] Pradeep L M,Kishore,Kailas S V.Influence of roughness parameters on coefficient of friction under lubricated conditions[J].Sadhana,2008,33(3):181-190.
[6]Pradeep L M,Kishore,Kailas S V.Effect of surface roughness parameters and surface texture on friction and transfer layer formation in tin-steel tribo-system[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2008,208(1):372-382.
[7]Pradeep L M,Kishore,Kailas S V.Effect of roughness parameter and grinding angle on coefficient of friction when sliding of Al-Mg alloy over EN8steel[J].ASME J.Tribol,2006,128(4):697-704.
[8]Sedlacek M,Vilhena L M S,Podgornik B,et al.Surface topography modelling for reduced friction[J].Strojniski vestnik-Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2011,57(9):674-680.
[9]Weidel S,Engel U.Surface characterization in forming processes by functional 3Dparameters[J].The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2007,33(1-2):130-136.
[10]Feldman Y,Kligerman Y,Etsion I,et al.The validity of the reynolds equation in modeling hydrostatic effects in gas lubricated textured parallel surfaces[J].Journal of Tribology,2006,128:345-350.
[11]Kraker Alex de,Ostayen Ron A J van,Beek A van.A multiscale method modeling surface texture effects[J].Journal of Tribology,2007,129:221-230.
[12]Kligerman Y,Etsion I.Analysis of the hydrodynamic effects in a surface textured circumferential gas seal[J].Tribology Transactions,2001,44(3):472-478.
[13]彭旭东,杜东波,盛颂恩,等.端面微形体对液体润滑机械密封性能的影响[J].摩擦学学报,2007,27(4):352-356.Peng Xudong,Du Dongbo,Sheng Songen,et al.Effect of face a sperity geometry on performance of a liquid lubricated face seal[J].Journal of Tribology,2007,27(4):352-356.(in Chinese)
[14]Kraker Alex de,Ostayen Ron A J van,Rixen D J.Calculation of Stribeck curves for(water)lubricated journal bearings[J].Tribology International,2007,40(3):459-469.
[15]Martin J K.A mathematical model and numerical solution technique for a novel adjusrable hydrodynamic bearing[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids,2015,30(7):845-864.
[16]Geike T,Popov V.Cavitation within the framework of reduced description of mixed lubrication[J].Tribology International,2009,42(1):93-98.
[17]Judy J, Maynes D.Characterization of frictional pressure drop for liquid flows through microchannels[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2002,45(17):3477-3489.
[18]陈辉,胡元中,王慧,等.粗糙表面计算机模拟[J].润滑与密封,2006,10(182):52-55.Chen Hui,Hu Yuanzhong,Wang Hui,et al.Computer simulation of rough surface[J].Lubrication and Sealing,2006,10:52-55.(in Chinese)
[2] Whitehouse D J.Function maps and role of surfaces[J].Int J Mach Tools Manufact,2001,41(13):1847-1861.
[3]Jiang X,Scott P J,Whitehouse D J,et al.Paradigm shifts in surface metrology,Part I-Historical philosophy[J].Proc of Royal Society,Series A,2007,463(2085):2049-2070.
[4]Gadelmawla E S,Koura M M,Maksoud T M A.Roughness parameters[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2002,123(1):135-145.
[5] Pradeep L M,Kishore,Kailas S V.Influence of roughness parameters on coefficient of friction under lubricated conditions[J].Sadhana,2008,33(3):181-190.
[6]Pradeep L M,Kishore,Kailas S V.Effect of surface roughness parameters and surface texture on friction and transfer layer formation in tin-steel tribo-system[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2008,208(1):372-382.
[7]Pradeep L M,Kishore,Kailas S V.Effect of roughness parameter and grinding angle on coefficient of friction when sliding of Al-Mg alloy over EN8steel[J].ASME J.Tribol,2006,128(4):697-704.
[8]Sedlacek M,Vilhena L M S,Podgornik B,et al.Surface topography modelling for reduced friction[J].Strojniski vestnik-Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2011,57(9):674-680.
[9]Weidel S,Engel U.Surface characterization in forming processes by functional 3Dparameters[J].The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2007,33(1-2):130-136.
[10]Feldman Y,Kligerman Y,Etsion I,et al.The validity of the reynolds equation in modeling hydrostatic effects in gas lubricated textured parallel surfaces[J].Journal of Tribology,2006,128:345-350.
[11]Kraker Alex de,Ostayen Ron A J van,Beek A van.A multiscale method modeling surface texture effects[J].Journal of Tribology,2007,129:221-230.
[12]Kligerman Y,Etsion I.Analysis of the hydrodynamic effects in a surface textured circumferential gas seal[J].Tribology Transactions,2001,44(3):472-478.
[13]彭旭东,杜东波,盛颂恩,等.端面微形体对液体润滑机械密封性能的影响[J].摩擦学学报,2007,27(4):352-356.Peng Xudong,Du Dongbo,Sheng Songen,et al.Effect of face a sperity geometry on performance of a liquid lubricated face seal[J].Journal of Tribology,2007,27(4):352-356.(in Chinese)
[14]Kraker Alex de,Ostayen Ron A J van,Rixen D J.Calculation of Stribeck curves for(water)lubricated journal bearings[J].Tribology International,2007,40(3):459-469.
[15]Martin J K.A mathematical model and numerical solution technique for a novel adjusrable hydrodynamic bearing[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids,2015,30(7):845-864.
[16]Geike T,Popov V.Cavitation within the framework of reduced description of mixed lubrication[J].Tribology International,2009,42(1):93-98.
[17]Judy J, Maynes D.Characterization of frictional pressure drop for liquid flows through microchannels[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2002,45(17):3477-3489.
[18]陈辉,胡元中,王慧,等.粗糙表面计算机模拟[J].润滑与密封,2006,10(182):52-55.Chen Hui,Hu Yuanzhong,Wang Hui,et al.Computer simulation of rough surface[J].Lubrication and Sealing,2006,10:52-55.(in Chinese)