动力总成惯性参数快速一体化测试系统研究
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摘要
针对目前动力总成惯性参数测试方法在精度、效率、安全性、成本4个方面无法兼顾的问题,设计了一套惯性参数快速一体化测试系统。该系统只需一次装夹即可测取所有惯性参数,测试时间不超过90 min。提出小角度翻转测量法,相对于传统的竖立、侧立、悬吊安装测量法,该方法保证了产品测量的安全性。标准件实测结果显示,该系统质量测量相对误差为0.024%、质心测量最大绝对误差为-0.2 mm、转动惯量测量最大相对误差为0.91%、惯性主轴方位角最大偏差为-1.79°。与4种常用测试方法进行对比,结果表明该系统测试精度有明显提高,测试效率和安全性也较高、并且成本适中。该系统易于推广,适用于多种产品的惯性参数测量。
Aiming at the problem that precision,efficiency,security and cost could not be balanced with existing inertial parameters measurement methods of powertrain,a fast integration system for measuring inertial parameters was designed.All the inertial parameters can be measured by this system in one installation and less than 90 min.A small sloping angle method was proposed to ensure the measurement security of products in comparison with traditional vertical,side lying and suspensory installation method.The actual measurement results of standard specimen show that the relative error of mass measurement is 0.024%,the maximum absolute error of centroid measurement is- 0.2 mm,the maximum relative error of moment of inertia measurement is 0.91%,the maximum deviation of orientation angles of principal inertia axis is- 1.79°.The comparisons with 4 common measurement methods show that the measurement precision is improved significantly,the efficiency and security is higher,and the cost is moderate.This system can easily be applied in real application and adapted in multiple products' inertia parameters measurement.
Aiming at the problem that precision,efficiency,security and cost could not be balanced with existing inertial parameters measurement methods of powertrain,a fast integration system for measuring inertial parameters was designed.All the inertial parameters can be measured by this system in one installation and less than 90 min.A small sloping angle method was proposed to ensure the measurement security of products in comparison with traditional vertical,side lying and suspensory installation method.The actual measurement results of standard specimen show that the relative error of mass measurement is 0.024%,the maximum absolute error of centroid measurement is- 0.2 mm,the maximum relative error of moment of inertia measurement is 0.91%,the maximum deviation of orientation angles of principal inertia axis is- 1.79°.The comparisons with 4 common measurement methods show that the measurement precision is improved significantly,the efficiency and security is higher,and the cost is moderate.This system can easily be applied in real application and adapted in multiple products' inertia parameters measurement.
引文
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[15]HAN L F,TANG W Y,LIU Y M,et al.Evaluation of measurement uncertainty based on grey system theory for small samples from an unknown distribution[J].Science china Technological,2013,56(6):1517-1524.
[16]苏成谦,吕振华.大型刚体惯性参数识别的三线扭摆系统实验方法改进研究[J].工程力学,2007,24(7):59-65.SU CH Q,LV ZH H.Improvement of experimental identification method with trifilar torsional pendulum for inertia properties of large-scale rigid-body[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,24(7):59-65.
[17]陈平,邓高福,吴海瀛.飞行器模型质量特性参数一体化测量装置研究[J].机械科学与技术,2015,34(12):1891-1895.CHEN P,DENG G F,WU H Y.Research on integrated measuring device of mass property parameters for aircraft model[J].Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering,2015,34(12):1891-1895.
[18]ANSARI M Z,NIRALA A K.Assessment of bio-activity using the methods of inertia moment and absolute value of the differences[J].Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics,2013,124(6):512-516.
[19]姚国年,卫军胡,赵希林,等.高精度弹丸质偏心测试系统及其误差分析[J].仪器仪表学报,2009,30(4):862-866.YAO G N,WEI J H,ZHAO X L,et al.Design and error analysis of high accuracy inspecting system for measuring the centroid and centroidal deviation of bullets[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2009,30(4):862-866.
[20]骞永博,吴斌.弹丸质量质心测量方法研究[J].弹箭与制导学报,2006,26(3):126-128.QIAN Y B,WU B.Study on the measuring method of missiles quality and centroid[J].Journal of Projectiles,Rockets,Missiles and Guidance,2006,26(3):126-128.
[21]李睿,曲兴华.工业机器人运动学参数标定误差不确定度研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2014,35(10):2192-2199.LI R,QU X H.Study on calibration uncertainty robot kinematic parameters[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2014,35(10):2192-2199.
[2]LU SH W,FENG H H,ZUO ZH X,et al.NVH optimization of vehicle powertrain[C].Proceedings of the FISITA 2012 World Automotive Congress.Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2013:141-149.
[3]王超,唐文彦,张晓琳,等.大尺寸非回转体质量特性一体化测量系统的设计[J].仪器仪表学报,2012,33(7):1634-1640.WANG CH,TANG W Y,ZHANG X L,et al.Design of mass property integration measurement system for large size non-rotating bodies[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2012,33(7):1634-1640.
[4]张俊红,毕凤荣,胡春林,等.动力设备质量惯性特性参数测取试验台研究[J].内燃机学报,2009,27(1):81-86.ZHANG J H,BI F R,HU CH L,et al.Investigation on the test bed of mass-inertia characteristics for powertrain[J].Transactions of CSICE,2009,27(1):81-86.
[5]夏光亮,刘春蕾,王洪强.基于质量线法的动力总成刚体惯性参数试验研究[J].建筑机械,2016(3):59-61.XIA G L,LIU CH L,WANG H Q.Experimental study on rigid body parameters of powertrain base on mass line method[J].Construction Machinery,2016(3):59-61.
[6]曾发林,葛平莹.客车动力总成惯性参数的辨识[J].郑州大学学报:工学版,2015,36(6):99-103.ZENG F L,GE P Y.The identification of inertial parameters of the bus powertrain[J].Journal of Zhengzhou University:Engineering Science,2015,36(6):99-103.
[7]李飞,朱天军,姜清伟,等.基于K&C试验台的汽车动力总成参数精确测试方法研究[J].测试技术学报,2015,29(6):467-472.LI F,ZHU T J,JIANG Q W,et al.The accurate measurement research on inertia parameters of vehicle powertrain based on K&C test rig[J].Journal of test and measurement technology,2015,29(6):467-472.
[8]郭孔辉,丁金全,许男,等.汽车惯性参数测量试验台运动学分析与计算方法[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(6):1-6.GUO K H,DING J Q,XU N,et al.Kinematic analysis and calculation of automobile inertial parameters measuring device[J].Transactions of The Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(6):1-6.
[9]上官文斌,贺良勇,田子龙,等.汽车动力总成质心与惯性参数测试实验台的开发[J].振动工程学报:2010,23(2),119-125.SHANGGUAN W B,HE L Y,TIAN Z L,et al.Development of an equipment for measuring the center of gravity and the moments of inertia of automotive powertrain[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2010,23(2):119-125.
[10]唐晓峰.基于三线摆的动力总成刚体惯性参数测量[J].上海汽车,2013(7):40-43.TANG X F.Measurement of inertia parameters of powertrain rigid body based on trifilar torsional pendulum method[J].Shanghai Auto,2013(7):40-43.
[11]OKUMA M,HEYLEN W,SAS P.Identification of rigid body properties of 3-D frame structure by MCK identification method[C].Proceedings of the 25th International Seminar on Modal Analysis,2001:1217-1223.
[12]BUTSUEN T,OKUMA M,NAGAMATSU A.Application of direct system identification method for engine rigid body mount system[R].SAWE Technical Paper Series,1986.
[13]郭孔辉,丁金全,薛冰,等.汽车惯性参数测量研究[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2014,34(5):152-160.GUO K H,DING J Q,XUE B,et al.Inertial parameters measuring:review[J].Journal of Chang’an University:Natural Science Edition,2014,34(5):152-160.
[14]黄德东,吴斌,刘建平.扭摆法测量导弹转动惯量的误差分析[J].弹箭与制导学报,2009,29(5):76-78.HUANG D D,WU B,LIU J P.Error analysis for measurement of missile’s movement inertia with torsion pendulum[J].Journal of Projectiles,Rockets,Missiles and Guidance,2009,29(5):76-78.
[15]HAN L F,TANG W Y,LIU Y M,et al.Evaluation of measurement uncertainty based on grey system theory for small samples from an unknown distribution[J].Science china Technological,2013,56(6):1517-1524.
[16]苏成谦,吕振华.大型刚体惯性参数识别的三线扭摆系统实验方法改进研究[J].工程力学,2007,24(7):59-65.SU CH Q,LV ZH H.Improvement of experimental identification method with trifilar torsional pendulum for inertia properties of large-scale rigid-body[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,24(7):59-65.
[17]陈平,邓高福,吴海瀛.飞行器模型质量特性参数一体化测量装置研究[J].机械科学与技术,2015,34(12):1891-1895.CHEN P,DENG G F,WU H Y.Research on integrated measuring device of mass property parameters for aircraft model[J].Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering,2015,34(12):1891-1895.
[18]ANSARI M Z,NIRALA A K.Assessment of bio-activity using the methods of inertia moment and absolute value of the differences[J].Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics,2013,124(6):512-516.
[19]姚国年,卫军胡,赵希林,等.高精度弹丸质偏心测试系统及其误差分析[J].仪器仪表学报,2009,30(4):862-866.YAO G N,WEI J H,ZHAO X L,et al.Design and error analysis of high accuracy inspecting system for measuring the centroid and centroidal deviation of bullets[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2009,30(4):862-866.
[20]骞永博,吴斌.弹丸质量质心测量方法研究[J].弹箭与制导学报,2006,26(3):126-128.QIAN Y B,WU B.Study on the measuring method of missiles quality and centroid[J].Journal of Projectiles,Rockets,Missiles and Guidance,2006,26(3):126-128.
[21]李睿,曲兴华.工业机器人运动学参数标定误差不确定度研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2014,35(10):2192-2199.LI R,QU X H.Study on calibration uncertainty robot kinematic parameters[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2014,35(10):2192-2199.