湘江流域各城市间土地利用变化异同性聚类分析
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摘要
在遥感和GIS支持下,提取了湘江流域2004年、2013年土地利用信息。以土地利用、经济社会、气候环境指标等为因子,采用质心聚类法,对湘江流域各类城市土地利用变化与经济社会环境因素的关系,及其异同特征进行分析。研究结果表明:(1)湘江流域各城市的土地利用变化可以分为三类:中速变化型、快速变化型和慢速变化型;(2)共同特征为:这三类的雷达统计图基本都呈"扇形",固定资产投资变化率最大,故"扇柄"的端头较尖,其他指标变化率小,故"扇头"较圆。建设用地增加,耕地减少是主线,水域、未利用地和林地呈上下波动的变化趋势。社会和经济的发展对促进土地利用变化起决定性作用;气候环境、人类活动及政策在一定程度上影响了土地利用变化。(3)不同之处为:三类变化率雷达图分别呈"水滴状""犄角状"和"流星状"。建设用地和未利用地变化幅度较大,耕地、水域和林地波动幅度较小。建设用地和耕地变化趋势主要由社会和经济发展所决定,人类活动和自然环境对未利用地的影响较明显,水域受气候和环境的影响较大,人类活动和政策对林地变化起着至关重要的作用。本研究揭示了湘江流域土地利用交替转化规律以及土地利用变化与经济社会、环境因素之间的联系。
With the support of remote sensing and GIS technology,the land use information of Xiangjiang River Bassin in 2004 and 2013 were extracted.Based on the factors of Land use,economic and social,climatic and environmental indexes,this paper analyzed the relationship between land use changes and economic and social environmental factors,and their similarities and differences in Xiangjiang River Basin by using centroid clustering method.The results showed that:(1)Characteristics of land use changes in Xiangjiang river basin could be divided into three categories: medium speed change type,rapid change type and slow change type.(2)Common features were as follows: the three types of radar statistics chart were basically "fan shaped",the fixed asset investment rates were greatest,the end of the "fan handles" were more sharp.The other indicators were small,therefore,"fan heads" were more round.The increase of construction land and the decrease of cultivated landwere the main line.The variation trend of water,unused land and forest land fluctuated up and down.Development of society and economy played a decisive role in promoting land use change,climate,environment,human activities and policies affected land use change to a certain extent.(3)The differences were as follows: the change rates radar chart of three categories showed "water dripping type","horn type " and " meteor type " respectively.The change range of construction land and unused land were larger,and the fluctuation range of cultivated land,water area and forest land were small.The trend of construction land and cultivated land changes were mainly determined by social and economic development,the influences of human activities and natural environment on unused land were obvious.The water was greatly affected by climate and environment,human activities,and policy played a vital role in change of forest land.This study revealed the alternating transformation of land use change in Xiangjiang river basin,and the connection among economic society factors and environmental factors as well as.
With the support of remote sensing and GIS technology,the land use information of Xiangjiang River Bassin in 2004 and 2013 were extracted.Based on the factors of Land use,economic and social,climatic and environmental indexes,this paper analyzed the relationship between land use changes and economic and social environmental factors,and their similarities and differences in Xiangjiang River Basin by using centroid clustering method.The results showed that:(1)Characteristics of land use changes in Xiangjiang river basin could be divided into three categories: medium speed change type,rapid change type and slow change type.(2)Common features were as follows: the three types of radar statistics chart were basically "fan shaped",the fixed asset investment rates were greatest,the end of the "fan handles" were more sharp.The other indicators were small,therefore,"fan heads" were more round.The increase of construction land and the decrease of cultivated landwere the main line.The variation trend of water,unused land and forest land fluctuated up and down.Development of society and economy played a decisive role in promoting land use change,climate,environment,human activities and policies affected land use change to a certain extent.(3)The differences were as follows: the change rates radar chart of three categories showed "water dripping type","horn type " and " meteor type " respectively.The change range of construction land and unused land were larger,and the fluctuation range of cultivated land,water area and forest land were small.The trend of construction land and cultivated land changes were mainly determined by social and economic development,the influences of human activities and natural environment on unused land were obvious.The water was greatly affected by climate and environment,human activities,and policy played a vital role in change of forest land.This study revealed the alternating transformation of land use change in Xiangjiang river basin,and the connection among economic society factors and environmental factors as well as.
引文
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[13]马睐,姬长龙,张义坷,等.中国西部地区土地利用变化聚类分析[J].中国人口.资源与环境,2012,22(5):149-152.
[14]罗巧,王克林,王勤学.基于SWAT模型的湘江流域土地利用变化情景的径流模拟研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2011,19(6):1 431-1 436.
[15]唐爽,莫宏伟,袁志芬,等.湘江流域主要城市土地利用效率差异性评价[J].地理空间信息,2015,13(1):134-136,156.
[16]潘爱民,刘友金.湘江流域人口城镇化与土地城镇化失调程度及特征研究[J].经济地理,2014,34(5):63-68.
[17]任斐鹏,江源,熊兴,等.东江流域近20年土地利用变化的时空差异特征分析[J].资源科学,2011,33(1):143-152.
[18]张尧庭,方开泰.多元统计分析引论[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2013.
[19]陈希,王克林,祁向坤,等.湘江流域近30年景观格局变化研究[J].激光生物学报,2015,24(6):584-590.
[20]李涛,陈坚,冯倩,等.湖南湘江流域1990-2000年土地利用/覆被变化及影响因素机理分析[J].湖南生态科学学报,2016,3(4):10-17.
[2]Rafat Zaki,Abotalib Zaki,Saad Ahmed.Land Use and Land Cover Changes in Arid Region:The Case New Urbanized Zone,Northeast Cairo,Egypt[J].Journal of Geographic Information System,2011,3:173-194.
[3]罗娅,杨胜天,刘晓燕,等.黄河河口镇-潼关区间1998-2010年土地利用变化特征[J].地理学报,2014,69(1):42-53.
[4]陈永林,谢炳庚,李晓青,等.2003-2013年长沙市土地利用变化与城市化的关系[J].经济地理,2015,35(1):149-154.
[5]Dirk Loehr.External Costs as Driving Forces of Land Use Changes[J].Sustainability,2010,2:1 035-1 054.
[6]韩会然,杨成凤,宋金平.北京市土地利用变化特征及驱动机制[J].经济地理,2015,35(5):148-154.
[7]陈文波,郑蕉,鄢帮有.鄱阳湖区土地利用景观格局特征研究[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(4):79-83.
[8]吴莉,侯西勇,徐新良,等.山东沿海地区土地利用和景观格局变化[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(5):207-216.
[9]张荣天,张小林,李传武.镇江市土地利用景观格局分析[J].经济地理,2012,32(9):132-137..
[10]禹洋春,刁承泰,蔡朕,等.基于聚类分析法的西南丘陵山区县域土地利用分区研究[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(2):227-232.
[11]尹珂,肖轶.基于空间聚类分析法的土地利用主体功能分区-以重庆市渝北区为例[J].水土保持通报,2011,31(6):181-185.
[12]赵荣钦,黄贤金,钟太洋,等.聚类分析在江苏沿海地区土地利用分区中的应用[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(6):310-314.
[13]马睐,姬长龙,张义坷,等.中国西部地区土地利用变化聚类分析[J].中国人口.资源与环境,2012,22(5):149-152.
[14]罗巧,王克林,王勤学.基于SWAT模型的湘江流域土地利用变化情景的径流模拟研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2011,19(6):1 431-1 436.
[15]唐爽,莫宏伟,袁志芬,等.湘江流域主要城市土地利用效率差异性评价[J].地理空间信息,2015,13(1):134-136,156.
[16]潘爱民,刘友金.湘江流域人口城镇化与土地城镇化失调程度及特征研究[J].经济地理,2014,34(5):63-68.
[17]任斐鹏,江源,熊兴,等.东江流域近20年土地利用变化的时空差异特征分析[J].资源科学,2011,33(1):143-152.
[18]张尧庭,方开泰.多元统计分析引论[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2013.
[19]陈希,王克林,祁向坤,等.湘江流域近30年景观格局变化研究[J].激光生物学报,2015,24(6):584-590.
[20]李涛,陈坚,冯倩,等.湖南湘江流域1990-2000年土地利用/覆被变化及影响因素机理分析[J].湖南生态科学学报,2016,3(4):10-17.