摘叶对不同架形‘贵人香’和‘霞多丽’果实品质的影响
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摘要
通过对不同架形的‘贵人香’和‘霞多丽’酿酒葡萄进行摘叶,与未摘叶的为对照,对果实可溶性固形物、总糖、可滴定酸、单宁和总酚含量进行对比分析。结果表明,摘叶显著提高了处理B(贵-厂(摘叶)、贵-厂-CK(未摘叶))、C(霞-厂-V(摘叶)和霞-厂-V-CK(未摘叶))可溶性固形物的含量,与对照相比分别提高了8.12%和5.16%;摘叶显著提高了处理B和C的总糖含量,其中处理B的增幅最大,为13.35%;摘叶显著降低了处理B和C的可滴定酸含量,分别降低了18.52%和28.46%,其中处理C的可滴定酸含量远远大于对照;摘叶显著提高了处理B的单宁和总酚含量,分别比对照增加了37.38%和37.50%;摘叶对处理A(贵-厂-V(摘叶)和贵-厂-V-CK(未摘叶))的可溶性固形物、总糖、可滴定酸、单宁和总酚含量均无影响。在河西走廊酿酒葡萄产区,‘贵人香’和‘霞多丽’栽培推广"厂"型和"厂-V"架形,配套转色期后摘叶的栽培管理模式对于提高果实品质效果明显。
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of leaf removal on the berry quality of different tree shapes of‘Italian Riesling'and‘Chardonnary'with no leaf picking as control.The contents of soluble solid,total sugar,titratable acid,tannin and total phenols were measured and analyzed.It was found that leaf-removal treatment significantly increased the content of soluble solids in treatment B and C,8.12%and 5.16% higher than the control,respectively.Meanwhile,leaf removal also increased the total sugar content in B and C,among them,13.35%higher than the control in B.The treatment significantly reduced the titratable acid content of in B and C,18.52% and 28.46%lower than the control,respectively.Leaf removal significantly increased the content of tannin and total phenols in B,37.38% and 37.50%higher than the control,respectively.In treatment A,no significant effects were observed on soluble solids,total sugar,titratable acid,tannin and total phenolic content.Different cultivation modes were suggested in the Hexi Corridor.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of leaf removal on the berry quality of different tree shapes of‘Italian Riesling'and‘Chardonnary'with no leaf picking as control.The contents of soluble solid,total sugar,titratable acid,tannin and total phenols were measured and analyzed.It was found that leaf-removal treatment significantly increased the content of soluble solids in treatment B and C,8.12%and 5.16% higher than the control,respectively.Meanwhile,leaf removal also increased the total sugar content in B and C,among them,13.35%higher than the control in B.The treatment significantly reduced the titratable acid content of in B and C,18.52% and 28.46%lower than the control,respectively.Leaf removal significantly increased the content of tannin and total phenols in B,37.38% and 37.50%higher than the control,respectively.In treatment A,no significant effects were observed on soluble solids,total sugar,titratable acid,tannin and total phenolic content.Different cultivation modes were suggested in the Hexi Corridor.
引文
[1]苏静,陈佰鸿,毛娟,等.酿酒葡萄4种病毒多重RT-PCR检测体系的建立[J].果树学报,2017,34(5):632-638.SU J,CHEN B H,MAO J,et al.Establishment of multiple RT-PCR detection system for four virus in the cultivars of wine grape[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2017,34(5):632-638.(in Chinese)
[2]姬利洁.摘叶处理对‘赤霞珠’光合作用及果实品质的影响[D].银川:宁夏大学,2016.
[3]李雅善,王振吉,王艳军,等.甘肃河西走廊酿酒葡萄栽培区旱情时空特征差异分析[J].西北林学院学报,2015,30(4):50-56.LI Y S,WANG Z J,WANG Y J,et al.Temporal-spatial variation characteristics of the drought in wine grape cultivation areas in Hexi Corridor[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2015,30(4):50-56.(in Chinese)
[4]郝燕,马麒龙,白耀栋.河西走廊酿酒葡萄产区树形改造技术及管理措施[J].甘肃农业科技,2016,54(11):90-92.
[5]李记明,姜文广,于英,等.土壤质地对酿酒葡萄和葡萄酒品质的影响[J].酿酒科技,2013,34(7):37-40.LI J M,JIANG W G,YU Y,et al.Effects of different soil texture on the quality of wine-making grape and grape wine[J].Liquor-Making Science&Technology,2013,34(7):37-40.(in Chinese)
[6]陈代,李德美,战吉宬,等.温度和日照时间对河北怀来‘霞多丽’葡萄成熟度指标的影响[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(3):545-551.CHEN D,LI D M,ZHAN J C,et al.Infulence of temperature and duration of sunshine on maturity indices of‘Chardonnay’in Huailai county of Hebei Province[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2011,44(3):545-551.(in Chinese)
[7]白云岗,刘洪波,张江辉,等.葡萄光合作用光响应曲线拟合模型比较研究[J].节水灌溉,2016,41(9):8-11.BAI Y G,LIU H B,ZHANG J H,et al.Comparison of light response curve fitted models for grape[J].Water Saving Irrigation,2016,41(9):8-11.(in Chinese)
[8]张静,王华,董新义,等.埋土防寒区葡萄爬地龙栽培模式经济和技术评价——以山西夏县为例[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(1):94-99.ZHANG J,WANG H,DONG X Y,et al.Technical and economic assessment on crawled cordon training in the soil-bury over-wintering zone based on the survey data of grape growers in Xiaxian,Shanxi Province[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2013,28(1):94-99.(in Chinese)
[9]韩义洲,刘万亮,宫国武,等.不同整形修剪对‘霞多丽’葡萄生长发育的影响[J].莱阳农学院学报,2002,19(3):197-200.HAN Y Z,LIU W L,GONG G W,et al.Actions of different pruned and trained shapes on ‘Chardonnay’[J].Journal of Laiyang Agricultural College,2002,19(3):197-200.(in Chinese)
[10]惠竹梅,李华,张振文,等.行间生草对葡萄园微气候和葡萄酒品质的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2004,32(10):33-37.HUI Z M,LI H,ZHANG Z W,et al.Effect of green covering on vineyard microclimate and wine quality[J].Northwest SciTech University of Agriculture and Forestry:Nat.Sci.Ed.,2004,32(10):33-37.(in Chinese)
[11]李艳春,杜国强,师校欣,等.摘叶与铺反光膜对‘赤霞珠’葡萄结果部位叶片光合性能的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(22):10470-10471.LI Y C,DU G Q,SHI X X,et al.Effects of leaf picking and paving reflecting film on phorostynthetic characteristics of leaves in setting fruit position in‘Cabernet Sauvignon’grapes[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2009,37(22):10470-10471.(in Chinese)
[12]姬利洁,王振平,丁小玲,等.摘叶处理对酿酒葡萄果实品质影响的研究进展[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,2016,41(1):40-43.
[13] MOSETTI D,HERRERA J C,SABBATINI P,et al.Impact of leaf removal after berry set on fruit composition and bunch rot in‘Sauvignon Blanc’[J].VITIS-Journal of Grapevine Research,2016,55(2):57-64.
[14] SIVILOTTI P,HERRERA J C,LISJAK K,et al.Impact of leaf removal,applied before and after flowering,on anthocyanin,tannin,and methoxypyrazine concentrations in ‘Merlot’(Vitis vinifera L.)grapes and wines[J].Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry,2016,64(22):4487.
[15] KOK D.Variation in total phenolic compounds,anthocyanin and monoterpene content of‘muscat’hamburg table grape variety(Vitis vinifera L.)as affected by cluster thinning and early and late period basal leaf removal treatments[J].Erwerbs-Obstbau,2016,58(4):1-6.
[16] CHORTI E,KYRALEOU M,KALLITHRAKA S,et al.Irrigation and leaf removal effects on polyphenolic content of grapes and wines produced from cv.‘Agiorgitiko’(Vitis vinifera L.)[J].Notulae Botanicae Horti-Agrobotanici ClujNapoca,2016,44(1):133-139.
[17]张义杰,张国涛,王文鹏,等.不同留叶量及不同时间摘叶处理对高海拔香格里拉地区‘霞多丽’葡萄果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2016,40(22):30-35.ZHANG Y J,ZHANG G T,WANG W P,et al.Effect of different deaf number and different time to remove leaves on berry quality of‘Chardonnay’at high altitude grapevine in Shangri-La[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(22):30-35.(in Chinese)
[18]刘晓梅,艾军,王振兴,等.摘叶对山葡萄‘左优红’果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(5):42-44.LIU X M,AI J,WANG Z X,et al.Effect of priming leaf on quality of Vitis amurensis Rupr.‘zuoyouhong’[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(5):42-44.(in Chinese)
[19]张国涛,毛如志,陈绍林,等.香格里拉高海拔地区不同时间摘叶处理对‘赤霞珠’葡萄果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2015,37(12):15-19.ZHANG G T,MAO R Z,CHEN S L,et al.Effect of different time to remove leaves from fruit brances on fruit quality of‘Cabernet Sauvignon’at high altitude grapevine in ShangriLa[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,37(12):15-19.(in Chinese)
[20]郝燕,马麒龙,张坤,等.河西走廊不同砧木对‘贵人香’葡萄生长与果实品质的影响[J].果树学报,2017,34(10):1286-1293.HAO Y,MA Q L,ZHANG K,et al.Effects of different rootstocks on the growth and fruit quality of‘Italian Riesling’in Hexi Corridor[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2017,34(10):1286-1293.(in Chinese)
[21]高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[22]李静,聂继云,李海飞,等.苹果果实单宁Folin-Denis测定法[J].中国果树,2006,48(5):57-59.
[23]叶杰,倪莉.Folin-ciocalteu法测定黄酒中总多酚含量[J].福建轻纺,2006,19(11):66-69.
[24]郝燕,张坤,马麒龙,等.河西走廊酿酒葡萄品种‘贵人香’架式与树形改造试验[J].中国果树,2017,59(1):30-33.
[25] SHANG G L,SUN X,ZHANG C,et al.Genome identification and analysis of genes encoding the key enzymes involved in organic acid biosynthesis pathway in apple,grape,and sweet orange[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2015,185(1):22-28.
[26] TARDAGUILA J,DIAGO M P,TODA F M,et al.Effects of timing of leaf removal on yield,berry maturity,wine composition and sensory properties of cv.‘Grenache’grown under non irrigated conditions[J].OENO One,2008,42(4):221-229.
[27] PONI S,BERNIZZONI F,BRIOLA G,et al.Effects of early leaf removal on cluster morphology,shoot efficiency and grape quality in two‘Vitis vinifera’cultivars[J].Acta Horticulturae,2005,689(689):217-226.
[28] KOZINA B,KAROGLAN M,HERJAVEC S,et al.Influence of basal leaf removal on the chemical composition of ‘sauvignon blanc’and‘riesling’wines[J].Journal of Food,Agriculture and Environment,2008,6(1):28-33.
[29] GUIDONI S,OGGERO G,CRAVERO S,et al.Manual and mechanical leaf removal in the bunch zone(Vitis vinifera L.cv Barbera):effects on berry composition,health,yield and wine quality,in a warm temperate area[J].Journal International Des Sciences De La Vigne Et Du Vin,2008,42(1):49-58.
[30] KOMM B L,MOYER M M.Effect of early fruit-zone leaf removal on canopy development and fruit quality in ‘riesling’and‘sauvignon blanc’[J].American Journal of Enology&Viticulture,2015,66(4):424-434.
[2]姬利洁.摘叶处理对‘赤霞珠’光合作用及果实品质的影响[D].银川:宁夏大学,2016.
[3]李雅善,王振吉,王艳军,等.甘肃河西走廊酿酒葡萄栽培区旱情时空特征差异分析[J].西北林学院学报,2015,30(4):50-56.LI Y S,WANG Z J,WANG Y J,et al.Temporal-spatial variation characteristics of the drought in wine grape cultivation areas in Hexi Corridor[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2015,30(4):50-56.(in Chinese)
[4]郝燕,马麒龙,白耀栋.河西走廊酿酒葡萄产区树形改造技术及管理措施[J].甘肃农业科技,2016,54(11):90-92.
[5]李记明,姜文广,于英,等.土壤质地对酿酒葡萄和葡萄酒品质的影响[J].酿酒科技,2013,34(7):37-40.LI J M,JIANG W G,YU Y,et al.Effects of different soil texture on the quality of wine-making grape and grape wine[J].Liquor-Making Science&Technology,2013,34(7):37-40.(in Chinese)
[6]陈代,李德美,战吉宬,等.温度和日照时间对河北怀来‘霞多丽’葡萄成熟度指标的影响[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(3):545-551.CHEN D,LI D M,ZHAN J C,et al.Infulence of temperature and duration of sunshine on maturity indices of‘Chardonnay’in Huailai county of Hebei Province[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2011,44(3):545-551.(in Chinese)
[7]白云岗,刘洪波,张江辉,等.葡萄光合作用光响应曲线拟合模型比较研究[J].节水灌溉,2016,41(9):8-11.BAI Y G,LIU H B,ZHANG J H,et al.Comparison of light response curve fitted models for grape[J].Water Saving Irrigation,2016,41(9):8-11.(in Chinese)
[8]张静,王华,董新义,等.埋土防寒区葡萄爬地龙栽培模式经济和技术评价——以山西夏县为例[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(1):94-99.ZHANG J,WANG H,DONG X Y,et al.Technical and economic assessment on crawled cordon training in the soil-bury over-wintering zone based on the survey data of grape growers in Xiaxian,Shanxi Province[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2013,28(1):94-99.(in Chinese)
[9]韩义洲,刘万亮,宫国武,等.不同整形修剪对‘霞多丽’葡萄生长发育的影响[J].莱阳农学院学报,2002,19(3):197-200.HAN Y Z,LIU W L,GONG G W,et al.Actions of different pruned and trained shapes on ‘Chardonnay’[J].Journal of Laiyang Agricultural College,2002,19(3):197-200.(in Chinese)
[10]惠竹梅,李华,张振文,等.行间生草对葡萄园微气候和葡萄酒品质的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2004,32(10):33-37.HUI Z M,LI H,ZHANG Z W,et al.Effect of green covering on vineyard microclimate and wine quality[J].Northwest SciTech University of Agriculture and Forestry:Nat.Sci.Ed.,2004,32(10):33-37.(in Chinese)
[11]李艳春,杜国强,师校欣,等.摘叶与铺反光膜对‘赤霞珠’葡萄结果部位叶片光合性能的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(22):10470-10471.LI Y C,DU G Q,SHI X X,et al.Effects of leaf picking and paving reflecting film on phorostynthetic characteristics of leaves in setting fruit position in‘Cabernet Sauvignon’grapes[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2009,37(22):10470-10471.(in Chinese)
[12]姬利洁,王振平,丁小玲,等.摘叶处理对酿酒葡萄果实品质影响的研究进展[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,2016,41(1):40-43.
[13] MOSETTI D,HERRERA J C,SABBATINI P,et al.Impact of leaf removal after berry set on fruit composition and bunch rot in‘Sauvignon Blanc’[J].VITIS-Journal of Grapevine Research,2016,55(2):57-64.
[14] SIVILOTTI P,HERRERA J C,LISJAK K,et al.Impact of leaf removal,applied before and after flowering,on anthocyanin,tannin,and methoxypyrazine concentrations in ‘Merlot’(Vitis vinifera L.)grapes and wines[J].Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry,2016,64(22):4487.
[15] KOK D.Variation in total phenolic compounds,anthocyanin and monoterpene content of‘muscat’hamburg table grape variety(Vitis vinifera L.)as affected by cluster thinning and early and late period basal leaf removal treatments[J].Erwerbs-Obstbau,2016,58(4):1-6.
[16] CHORTI E,KYRALEOU M,KALLITHRAKA S,et al.Irrigation and leaf removal effects on polyphenolic content of grapes and wines produced from cv.‘Agiorgitiko’(Vitis vinifera L.)[J].Notulae Botanicae Horti-Agrobotanici ClujNapoca,2016,44(1):133-139.
[17]张义杰,张国涛,王文鹏,等.不同留叶量及不同时间摘叶处理对高海拔香格里拉地区‘霞多丽’葡萄果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2016,40(22):30-35.ZHANG Y J,ZHANG G T,WANG W P,et al.Effect of different deaf number and different time to remove leaves on berry quality of‘Chardonnay’at high altitude grapevine in Shangri-La[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(22):30-35.(in Chinese)
[18]刘晓梅,艾军,王振兴,等.摘叶对山葡萄‘左优红’果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(5):42-44.LIU X M,AI J,WANG Z X,et al.Effect of priming leaf on quality of Vitis amurensis Rupr.‘zuoyouhong’[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(5):42-44.(in Chinese)
[19]张国涛,毛如志,陈绍林,等.香格里拉高海拔地区不同时间摘叶处理对‘赤霞珠’葡萄果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2015,37(12):15-19.ZHANG G T,MAO R Z,CHEN S L,et al.Effect of different time to remove leaves from fruit brances on fruit quality of‘Cabernet Sauvignon’at high altitude grapevine in ShangriLa[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,37(12):15-19.(in Chinese)
[20]郝燕,马麒龙,张坤,等.河西走廊不同砧木对‘贵人香’葡萄生长与果实品质的影响[J].果树学报,2017,34(10):1286-1293.HAO Y,MA Q L,ZHANG K,et al.Effects of different rootstocks on the growth and fruit quality of‘Italian Riesling’in Hexi Corridor[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2017,34(10):1286-1293.(in Chinese)
[21]高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[22]李静,聂继云,李海飞,等.苹果果实单宁Folin-Denis测定法[J].中国果树,2006,48(5):57-59.
[23]叶杰,倪莉.Folin-ciocalteu法测定黄酒中总多酚含量[J].福建轻纺,2006,19(11):66-69.
[24]郝燕,张坤,马麒龙,等.河西走廊酿酒葡萄品种‘贵人香’架式与树形改造试验[J].中国果树,2017,59(1):30-33.
[25] SHANG G L,SUN X,ZHANG C,et al.Genome identification and analysis of genes encoding the key enzymes involved in organic acid biosynthesis pathway in apple,grape,and sweet orange[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2015,185(1):22-28.
[26] TARDAGUILA J,DIAGO M P,TODA F M,et al.Effects of timing of leaf removal on yield,berry maturity,wine composition and sensory properties of cv.‘Grenache’grown under non irrigated conditions[J].OENO One,2008,42(4):221-229.
[27] PONI S,BERNIZZONI F,BRIOLA G,et al.Effects of early leaf removal on cluster morphology,shoot efficiency and grape quality in two‘Vitis vinifera’cultivars[J].Acta Horticulturae,2005,689(689):217-226.
[28] KOZINA B,KAROGLAN M,HERJAVEC S,et al.Influence of basal leaf removal on the chemical composition of ‘sauvignon blanc’and‘riesling’wines[J].Journal of Food,Agriculture and Environment,2008,6(1):28-33.
[29] GUIDONI S,OGGERO G,CRAVERO S,et al.Manual and mechanical leaf removal in the bunch zone(Vitis vinifera L.cv Barbera):effects on berry composition,health,yield and wine quality,in a warm temperate area[J].Journal International Des Sciences De La Vigne Et Du Vin,2008,42(1):49-58.
[30] KOMM B L,MOYER M M.Effect of early fruit-zone leaf removal on canopy development and fruit quality in ‘riesling’and‘sauvignon blanc’[J].American Journal of Enology&Viticulture,2015,66(4):424-434.