黔西北产于震旦系中铅锌矿床地质特征与控矿因素——以纳雍水东地区铅锌矿床为例
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摘要
黔西北地区是贵州省最重要的铅锌资源基地之一,具有良好找矿前景。该区铅锌矿床主要集中富集于寒武系—二叠系中,震旦系中的铅锌矿床报道不多,主要分布织金与普定县交界的五指山和纳雍县水东地区。有关该套地层赋存的铅锌矿床,其地质、地球化学研究非常薄弱,该类型铅锌矿床在本区是否具有找矿前景是值得深入研究的科学问题。本文以纳雍县水东地区铅锌矿床为例,通过总结该区矿床地质特征,探讨其成矿规律。结果表明,该区铅锌矿床改造特征明显,NE和NW向断层构造是最重要的控矿因素,其中矿物组成简单,以闪锌矿、方铅矿和黄铁矿为主,与川滇黔地区铅锌矿床具有相似的地质、地球化学特征。此外,震旦纪灯影期地质构造环境、沉积环境、高水位体系域、古断裂、微生物和后期构造控制了本区震旦系中铅锌矿床(点)的产出。该成果不仅为认识黔西北地区赋存于震旦系中的铅锌矿化作用提供地质依据,也拓宽了该区今后铅锌地质勘探的思路。
The NW Guizhou Pb-Zn metallogenic district is one of the most important Pb-Zn resource bases in Guizhou Province, with good ore prospecting prospects. The Pb-Zn deposits in this area mainly occurred in the Cambrian-Permian strata. The Pb-Zn deposits hosted in Sinian strata are limitedly reported. They are mainly distributed in the Wuzhishan and Shuidong areas in the junction of Puding and Zhijin counties. The relevant geological and geochemical research on this type of Pb-Zn deposits is in a very low level. Whether this type of deposit has good prospecting prospects or not in this area is a scientific problem worth to be further studied. Taking the Pb-Zn deposits in the Shuidong area in Nayong County as examples, we have summarized the geological characteristics of these deposits and discussed their ore-forming regularities in this paper. The results show that the Pb-Zn deposits in this area have obvious reworking characteristics, with the most important ore-controlling factors of the NE-and NW-trending faults, simple association of minerals including mainly sphalerite, galena, and pyrite, and have similar geological and geochemical characteristics to the Pb-Zn deposits in the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou metallogenic district. In addition, the geological tectonic setting, sedimentary environment, and high water system domain in Simian Dengying epoch, ancient faults, microbes, and later structures also controlled the occurrence of the Pb-Zn deposits(mineral occurrences) hosted in the Sinian strata. This achievement not only has provided a geological basis for understanding the Pb-Zn mineralization in the Sinian strata in northwest Guizhou, but also has widened the thought for future geological exploration of Pb-Zn deposits in this area.
The NW Guizhou Pb-Zn metallogenic district is one of the most important Pb-Zn resource bases in Guizhou Province, with good ore prospecting prospects. The Pb-Zn deposits in this area mainly occurred in the Cambrian-Permian strata. The Pb-Zn deposits hosted in Sinian strata are limitedly reported. They are mainly distributed in the Wuzhishan and Shuidong areas in the junction of Puding and Zhijin counties. The relevant geological and geochemical research on this type of Pb-Zn deposits is in a very low level. Whether this type of deposit has good prospecting prospects or not in this area is a scientific problem worth to be further studied. Taking the Pb-Zn deposits in the Shuidong area in Nayong County as examples, we have summarized the geological characteristics of these deposits and discussed their ore-forming regularities in this paper. The results show that the Pb-Zn deposits in this area have obvious reworking characteristics, with the most important ore-controlling factors of the NE-and NW-trending faults, simple association of minerals including mainly sphalerite, galena, and pyrite, and have similar geological and geochemical characteristics to the Pb-Zn deposits in the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou metallogenic district. In addition, the geological tectonic setting, sedimentary environment, and high water system domain in Simian Dengying epoch, ancient faults, microbes, and later structures also controlled the occurrence of the Pb-Zn deposits(mineral occurrences) hosted in the Sinian strata. This achievement not only has provided a geological basis for understanding the Pb-Zn mineralization in the Sinian strata in northwest Guizhou, but also has widened the thought for future geological exploration of Pb-Zn deposits in this area.
引文
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[12]吴波,陈国勇.贵州纳雍水东铅锌矿床石英包裹体特征及流体成矿温度研究[J].贵州地质,2010,27(2):100-105.
[13]吴波,陈国勇,陶平,等.贵州纳雍水东铅锌矿矿床地球化学特征[J].贵州地质,2011,28(2):108-113.
[14]吴波.贵州纳雍水东铅锌矿床成因的探讨[J].毕节学院学报,2012,30(4):118-124.
[15]Leach DL,Sangster DF.Mississippi Valley-type lead-zinc deposits,in:Mineral Deposit Modeling(eds.R.V.Kirkham,W.D.Sinclair,R.I.Thorpe,and J.M.Duke)[M].Geological Association of Canada,Spec.Papers,1993,40:289-314
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[19]叶霖,李珍立,胡宇思,等.四川天宝山铅锌矿床硫化物微量元素组成:LA-ICPMS研究[J].岩石学报,2016,32(11):3377-3393.
[20]李珍立,叶霖,黄智龙,等.贵州天桥铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素组成初探[J].矿物学报,2016,36(2):183-188
[21]李珍立,叶霖,黄智龙,等.云南富乐铅锌矿床中铜矿物的矿物学特征及地质意义[J].高校地质学报,2018,24(2):200-209.
[22]周家喜,黄智龙,周国富,等.贵州天桥铅锌矿床分散元素赋存状态及规律[J].矿物学报,2009,29(4):471-480.
[23]金中国,周家喜,黄智龙,等.贵州普定纳雍枝铅锌矿矿床成因:S和原位Pb同位素证据[J].岩石学报,2016,32(11):3441-3455.
[24]崔银亮,周家喜,黄智龙,等.云南富乐铅锌矿床地质、地球化学及成因[J].岩石学报,2018,34(1):194-206.
[25]周家喜,黄智龙,高建国,等.滇东北茂租大型铅锌矿床成矿物质来源及成矿机制[J].矿物岩石,2012,32(3):62-69.
[26]Zhou JX,Luo K,Wang XC.Ore genesis of the Fule Pb-Zn deposit and its relationship with the Emeishan Large Igneous Province:Evidence from mineralogy,bulk C-O-S and in situ S-Pb isotopes[J].Gondwana Research,2018,54:161-179.
[2]周家喜,黄智龙,周国富,等.黔西北赫章天桥铅锌矿床成矿物质来源:S、Pb同位素和REE制约[J].地质论评,2010,56(4):513-524.
[3]王华云.贵州铅锌矿的地球化学特征[J].贵州地质,1993,10(4):272-290.
[4]陈国勇,邹建波,谭华,等.黔西北地区铅锌矿成矿规律探讨[J].贵州地质,2008,25(2):86-94.
[5]Zhou JX,Xiang ZZ,Zhou MF,et al.The giant Upper Yangtze Pb-Zn province in SW China:Reviews,new advances and a new genetic model[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2018,154:280-315.
[6]Zhou JX,Wang XC,Wilde SA.New insights into the metallogeny of MVT Zn-Pb deposits:A case study from the Nayongzhi in South China,using field data,fluid compositions,and in situ S-Pb isotopes[J].American Mineralogist,2018,103(1):91-108.
[7]陈国勇,王砚耕,冯济舟,等.贵州省铅锌成矿规律及找矿方向[R].都匀:贵州省地矿局一〇四地质大队,2012.
[8]周家喜,黄智龙,周国富,等.黔西北天桥铅锌矿床热液方解石C、O同位素和REE地球化学[J].大地构造与成矿学,2012,36(1):93-101.
[9]陈国勇,王亮,范玉梅,等.贵州五指山铅锌矿田深部找矿远景分析[J].地质与勘探,2015,51(5):859-869.
[10]刘波.织金杜家桥铅锌矿成矿规律浅析[J].西部资源,2018,(4):30-31.
[11]吴波,许利群.贵州纳雍水东铅锌矿床地质特征及矿石成分组构研究[J].贵州大学学报(自然科学版),2010,27(3):43-49.
[12]吴波,陈国勇.贵州纳雍水东铅锌矿床石英包裹体特征及流体成矿温度研究[J].贵州地质,2010,27(2):100-105.
[13]吴波,陈国勇,陶平,等.贵州纳雍水东铅锌矿矿床地球化学特征[J].贵州地质,2011,28(2):108-113.
[14]吴波.贵州纳雍水东铅锌矿床成因的探讨[J].毕节学院学报,2012,30(4):118-124.
[15]Leach DL,Sangster DF.Mississippi Valley-type lead-zinc deposits,in:Mineral Deposit Modeling(eds.R.V.Kirkham,W.D.Sinclair,R.I.Thorpe,and J.M.Duke)[M].Geological Association of Canada,Spec.Papers,1993,40:289-314
[16]Leach DL,Bradley DC,Lewchuk M.Mississippi Valley-type lead-zinc deposits through geological time:Implications from recent age-dating research[J].Mineralium Deposita,2001,36:711-740
[17]Leach DL,Sangster DF,Kelley KD.Sediment-hosted lead-zinc deposits:A global perspective[J].Econ Geol 100th Anniv,2005,561-607
[18]Ye L,Cook NJ,Ciobanu CL,et al.Trace and minor elements in sphalerite from base metal deposits in South China:a LA-ICPMS study[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2011,39:188-217
[19]叶霖,李珍立,胡宇思,等.四川天宝山铅锌矿床硫化物微量元素组成:LA-ICPMS研究[J].岩石学报,2016,32(11):3377-3393.
[20]李珍立,叶霖,黄智龙,等.贵州天桥铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素组成初探[J].矿物学报,2016,36(2):183-188
[21]李珍立,叶霖,黄智龙,等.云南富乐铅锌矿床中铜矿物的矿物学特征及地质意义[J].高校地质学报,2018,24(2):200-209.
[22]周家喜,黄智龙,周国富,等.贵州天桥铅锌矿床分散元素赋存状态及规律[J].矿物学报,2009,29(4):471-480.
[23]金中国,周家喜,黄智龙,等.贵州普定纳雍枝铅锌矿矿床成因:S和原位Pb同位素证据[J].岩石学报,2016,32(11):3441-3455.
[24]崔银亮,周家喜,黄智龙,等.云南富乐铅锌矿床地质、地球化学及成因[J].岩石学报,2018,34(1):194-206.
[25]周家喜,黄智龙,高建国,等.滇东北茂租大型铅锌矿床成矿物质来源及成矿机制[J].矿物岩石,2012,32(3):62-69.
[26]Zhou JX,Luo K,Wang XC.Ore genesis of the Fule Pb-Zn deposit and its relationship with the Emeishan Large Igneous Province:Evidence from mineralogy,bulk C-O-S and in situ S-Pb isotopes[J].Gondwana Research,2018,54:161-179.