上海市社区人群对慢性肾脏病的关注度及其影响因素
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摘要
目的调查并分析上海市社区人群对慢性肾脏病(CKD)的关注度及相关影响因素。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,在上海市静安区和闵行区共27个社区卫生服务中心发放调查问卷,调查内容包括社区人群对CKD的早期症状、检查方法、饮食要求和干预措施等的掌握情况,以及对肾脏健康的关注度和影响关注度的因素。结果上海市社区人群对CKD总体关注度为31.4%(240/764),其中对CKD治疗手段的关注度最高,为63.5%(485/764);其次是预期寿命,为57.5%(439/764);对身体症状和排尿变化相关问题的关注度最低,分别为19.5%(149/764)和21.7%(166/764)。年龄≥60岁、文化程度大专及以上和参加过CKD健康讲座的社区居民对CKD关注度最高。结论上海市社区人群对CKD关注度偏低,应加强健康教育,提高认知水平。
Objective To investigate the attention of community population in Shanghai to chronic kidney disease(CKD) and related influencing factors. Methods Community populations in 27 community health service centers in Jing'an District and Minhang District of Shanghai were surveyed by stratified random sampling method. The investigation included the understanding the early symptoms, examination methods, dietary requirements and intervention measures of CKD and the attention to kidney health and the related influencing factors. Results The overall attention of community population in Shanghai to CKD was 31.4%(240/764). The community population paid the most attention to the treatment of CKD(57.5%, 439/764), followed by life expectancy(63.5%, 485/764), while the concerns about physical symptoms and urination change were the lowest(19.5% [149/764] and 21.7% [166/764], respectively). Residents aged 60 years or older, with junior college or above, and having participated in the CKD health lectures paid the most attention to CKD. Conclusion The attention of community population in Shanghai to CKD is low, suggesting that the health education should be strengthened to improve the cognitive level of CKD in community population.
Objective To investigate the attention of community population in Shanghai to chronic kidney disease(CKD) and related influencing factors. Methods Community populations in 27 community health service centers in Jing'an District and Minhang District of Shanghai were surveyed by stratified random sampling method. The investigation included the understanding the early symptoms, examination methods, dietary requirements and intervention measures of CKD and the attention to kidney health and the related influencing factors. Results The overall attention of community population in Shanghai to CKD was 31.4%(240/764). The community population paid the most attention to the treatment of CKD(57.5%, 439/764), followed by life expectancy(63.5%, 485/764), while the concerns about physical symptoms and urination change were the lowest(19.5% [149/764] and 21.7% [166/764], respectively). Residents aged 60 years or older, with junior college or above, and having participated in the CKD health lectures paid the most attention to CKD. Conclusion The attention of community population in Shanghai to CKD is low, suggesting that the health education should be strengthened to improve the cognitive level of CKD in community population.
引文
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[12]周晓红,刘亚波.团体认知行为干预在住院慢性肾病患者中的应用[J].护理实践与研究,2017,14:50-52.
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[15]王艳,周广举.农村糖尿病患者健康教育知识掌握现状调查及其对慢性并发症发生率的影响[J].中国实用医药,2014,9:255-257.
[2]陈国涛,肖厚勤,张庆红,费沛,胡兆雄.湖北省十堰市居民对慢性肾脏病知识知晓程度的调查分析[J].医学综述,2013,19:1677-1679.
[3]陈华,林秀蓉,林海.门诊慢性肾脏病患者营养知识认知水平与服务需求的调查研究[J].护理实践与研究,2012,9:3-5.
[4]CORESH J,ASTOR B C,GREENE T,EKNOYAN G,LEVEY A S.Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and decreased kidney function in the adult US population:Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey[J].Am J Kidney Dis,2003,41:1-12.
[5]KEARNS B,GALLAGHER H,DE LUSIGNAN S.Predicting the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the English population:a cross-sectional study[J/OL].BMCNephrol,2013,14:49.doi:10.1186/1471-2369-14-49.
[6]TONG A,CROWE S,CHANDO S,CASS A,CHADBAN S J,CHAPMAN J R,et al.Research priorities in CKD:report of a National Workshop Conducted in Australia[J].Am J Kidney Dis,2015,66:212-222.
[7]陈伟红,莫伊雯,徐雯.对初次住院慢性肾病患者肾病相关知识的调查[J].解放军护理杂志,2012,29:18-20.
[8]陈香美,王海燕.提高慢性肾脏病的知晓率、治疗率和控制率减轻对国民健康的危害[J].中华内科杂志,2006,45:441-442.
[9]张积慧,黄志红.量化健康教育与随机健康教育的效果分析[J].中华护理杂志,2000,35:328-329.
[10]李雅琴,余丽君,刘国英.脑卒中患者健康知识水平的调查分析[J].中华护理杂志,2004,39:578-579.
[11]卢秀龙.健康教育在慢性肾脏病患者中的应用和效果分析[J].中外医学研究,2016,14:98-99.
[12]周晓红,刘亚波.团体认知行为干预在住院慢性肾病患者中的应用[J].护理实践与研究,2017,14:50-52.
[13]缪爱凤,钱红继,钱海兰,张丽红.慢性心力衰竭患者疾病知识水平的调查[J].护理实践与研究,2013,10:148-150.
[14]韩燕霞,钮美娥,汪小华,钱红英,黄建安.慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者健康知识水平与自我效能的相关性[J].解放军护理杂志,2012,29:12-14.
[15]王艳,周广举.农村糖尿病患者健康教育知识掌握现状调查及其对慢性并发症发生率的影响[J].中国实用医药,2014,9:255-257.