基于证据的开放政府数据政策制定研究
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摘要
[目的/意义]信息时代公民对数据知情的需求非常强烈,基于证据的开放政府数据政策制定区别于传统的制定更有事实依据、可信度,更能让公民认可,满足其相关利益。[方法/过程]本文指出基于证据制定开放政府数据政策的重要性及影响因素,通过对现有开放数据政策文本的分析发现其缺少证据,并建立证据模式进行实证研究。[结果/结论]提出了基于证据的开放政府数据政策制定的过程框架,并分析在制定过程中证据的参与形式和系统构建。[创新/价值]现有研究涉及科技、教育、卫生政策等领域,在开放政府数据政策领域相关研究却较少,本文研究基于证据的开放政府数据政策的独特性并探讨如何能获取有效的证据支持开放政府数据政策的制定。
[Purpose/Meaning]Citizens' demand for data knowledge is very strong in the information age.Evidence-based open government data policy formulation is more factual and credible than traditional ones,and it allows citizens to recognize and satisfy their related interests.[Method/Process]This paper pointed out the importance and influencing factors of the open government data policy based on evidence.Through the analysis of the existing open data policy text,it found that it lacked evidence and established an evidence model for empirical research.[Results/Conclusions]A process framework for evidence-based open government data policy formulation was proposed,and the forms of participation and system construction of evidence in the development process were analyzed.[Innovation/Value]Existing research involves science,education,health policy and other fields.There were few related researches in the field of open government data policy.This paper studied the uniqueness of evidence-based open government data policy and discussed how to obtain effective evidence.Supported the development of open government data policies.
[Purpose/Meaning]Citizens' demand for data knowledge is very strong in the information age.Evidence-based open government data policy formulation is more factual and credible than traditional ones,and it allows citizens to recognize and satisfy their related interests.[Method/Process]This paper pointed out the importance and influencing factors of the open government data policy based on evidence.Through the analysis of the existing open data policy text,it found that it lacked evidence and established an evidence model for empirical research.[Results/Conclusions]A process framework for evidence-based open government data policy formulation was proposed,and the forms of participation and system construction of evidence in the development process were analyzed.[Innovation/Value]Existing research involves science,education,health policy and other fields.There were few related researches in the field of open government data policy.This paper studied the uniqueness of evidence-based open government data policy and discussed how to obtain effective evidence.Supported the development of open government data policies.
引文
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[3]Marcus Roberts.Making Drug Policy Together:Reflections on Evidence,Engagement and Participation[J].International Journal of Drug Policy,2014,(25):952-956.
[4]陈秋怡.基于证据——教育政策研究的新趋势[J].现代教育管理,2017,(6):53-58.
[5]陆璟.推动以证据为本的教育政策研究[J].上海教育科研,2009,(12):1.
[6]张正严,李侠.“基于证据”——科技政策制定的新趋势[J].科学管理研究,2013,31(1):9-12.
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[9]Pawson Ray.Evidence-Based Policy:A Realist Perspective[M].New Delhi:Sage Publications,2006.
[10]张云昊.循证政策的发展历程、内在逻辑及其建构路径[J].中国行政管理,2017,(11):73-78.
[11]Tsun-cheng Huang.Evidence-Based Health Policy Decision Making:A Case Study of Health Concern of Lead Contamination in Taipei Drinking Water and the Blood Examination Service[A].Science and Engineering Research Center.Proceedings of 2016 2nd International Conference on Humanity and Social Science(ICHSS 2016)[C]//Science and Engineering Research Center,2016:5.
[12]李幼平,杨晓妍,陈耀龙,等.我国公共卫生领域的循证决策与管理一挑战与探索[J].中国循证医学杂志,2008,8(11):945-950.
[13]Huw T O Davies,Sandra M Nutley,Peter C Smith.What Works?Evidence Based Policy and Practice in Public services[M].Bristol Policy Press,2000.
[14]Dominique,Behague.Evidence-based Policy-making:The Implications of Globally-applicable Research for Context Specific Problem-solving in Developing Countries.School of ITEE The University of Queensland[M].Brisbane,2015.
[15]Lochner Marais,Zacheus Matebesi.Evidence-Based Policy Development in South Africa:the Case of Provincial Growth and Development Strategies[J].Urban Forum,2013,24(3):357-371.
[16]马小亮.基于证据的政策:思想起源、发展和启示[A].中国科学学与科技政策研究会.第十届中国科技政策与管理学术年会论文集——分2:科研和创新绩效管理(1)[C]//中国科学学与科技政策研究会:2014:14.
[17]Marchi G D,Lucertini G,Tsoukiàs A.From Evidence-based Policy Making to Policy Analytics[J].Annals of Operations Research,2016,236(1):15-38.
[18]Strategic Policy Making Team(SPMT)(1999).Professional Policy Making for the Twenty First Century[DB/OL].http://www.national school.gov.u.k./policy hub/docs/prof policy making,2018-02-13.
[19]李晓轩,杨可佳,杨柳春.基于证据的政策制定:英国的实践与启示[J].中国科学院院刊,2013,28(6):740-749.
[20]Marcus Roberts.Making Drug Policy Together:Reflections on Evidence,Engagement and Participation[J].International Journal of Drug Policy,2014,25(5):952-956.
[2]Hye-Chung Kum,C Joy Stewart,Roderick A Rose,Dean F Duncan.Using Big Data for Evidence Based Governance in Child Welfare[J].Children and Youth Services Review,2015,58:127-136.
[3]Marcus Roberts.Making Drug Policy Together:Reflections on Evidence,Engagement and Participation[J].International Journal of Drug Policy,2014,(25):952-956.
[4]陈秋怡.基于证据——教育政策研究的新趋势[J].现代教育管理,2017,(6):53-58.
[5]陆璟.推动以证据为本的教育政策研究[J].上海教育科研,2009,(12):1.
[6]张正严,李侠.“基于证据”——科技政策制定的新趋势[J].科学管理研究,2013,31(1):9-12.
[7]Dunn W N.Public Policy Analysis:An Introduction(4th)[M].New Jersey:Prentice Hall,2007.10.
[8]Mohammad Hasan Imani-Nasab,Hesam Seyedin,Reza Majdzadeh,Bahareh Yazdizadeh,Masoud Salehi.Development of Evidence-Based Health Policy Documents in Developing Countries:A Case of Iran[J].Global Journal of Health Science,2014,6(3):27-28.
[9]Pawson Ray.Evidence-Based Policy:A Realist Perspective[M].New Delhi:Sage Publications,2006.
[10]张云昊.循证政策的发展历程、内在逻辑及其建构路径[J].中国行政管理,2017,(11):73-78.
[11]Tsun-cheng Huang.Evidence-Based Health Policy Decision Making:A Case Study of Health Concern of Lead Contamination in Taipei Drinking Water and the Blood Examination Service[A].Science and Engineering Research Center.Proceedings of 2016 2nd International Conference on Humanity and Social Science(ICHSS 2016)[C]//Science and Engineering Research Center,2016:5.
[12]李幼平,杨晓妍,陈耀龙,等.我国公共卫生领域的循证决策与管理一挑战与探索[J].中国循证医学杂志,2008,8(11):945-950.
[13]Huw T O Davies,Sandra M Nutley,Peter C Smith.What Works?Evidence Based Policy and Practice in Public services[M].Bristol Policy Press,2000.
[14]Dominique,Behague.Evidence-based Policy-making:The Implications of Globally-applicable Research for Context Specific Problem-solving in Developing Countries.School of ITEE The University of Queensland[M].Brisbane,2015.
[15]Lochner Marais,Zacheus Matebesi.Evidence-Based Policy Development in South Africa:the Case of Provincial Growth and Development Strategies[J].Urban Forum,2013,24(3):357-371.
[16]马小亮.基于证据的政策:思想起源、发展和启示[A].中国科学学与科技政策研究会.第十届中国科技政策与管理学术年会论文集——分2:科研和创新绩效管理(1)[C]//中国科学学与科技政策研究会:2014:14.
[17]Marchi G D,Lucertini G,Tsoukiàs A.From Evidence-based Policy Making to Policy Analytics[J].Annals of Operations Research,2016,236(1):15-38.
[18]Strategic Policy Making Team(SPMT)(1999).Professional Policy Making for the Twenty First Century[DB/OL].http://www.national school.gov.u.k./policy hub/docs/prof policy making,2018-02-13.
[19]李晓轩,杨可佳,杨柳春.基于证据的政策制定:英国的实践与启示[J].中国科学院院刊,2013,28(6):740-749.
[20]Marcus Roberts.Making Drug Policy Together:Reflections on Evidence,Engagement and Participation[J].International Journal of Drug Policy,2014,25(5):952-956.