内分泌疾病对糖代谢的影响
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摘要
目前我国已成为世界第一大糖尿病国家,糖尿病及糖尿病前期的发病率在我国呈逐年增高趋势,其防治工作日益艰巨。糖代谢异常与其他内分泌疾病关系密切,未能意识到内分泌功能异常的存在可能是导致2型糖尿病发生或血糖控制不佳的潜在因素。因此,认识糖代谢异常与其他内分泌疾病的关系至关重要。
At present, China has become the largest diabetic country in the world. The incidence of diabetes and prediabetes is increasing year by year in our country, and its prevention and cure work is becoming more and more arduous.The abnormal glucose metabolism is closely related to other endocrine diseases and is not aware that the presence of abnormal endocrine function may be a potential factor leading to the development of type 2 diabetes or poor blood glucose control. It is important to understand the relationship between abnormal glucose metabolism and other endocrine diseases.
At present, China has become the largest diabetic country in the world. The incidence of diabetes and prediabetes is increasing year by year in our country, and its prevention and cure work is becoming more and more arduous.The abnormal glucose metabolism is closely related to other endocrine diseases and is not aware that the presence of abnormal endocrine function may be a potential factor leading to the development of type 2 diabetes or poor blood glucose control. It is important to understand the relationship between abnormal glucose metabolism and other endocrine diseases.
引文
1.李妍妍,陆菊明,卢艳慧,等.正常糖耐量、糖调节受损人群4年转归情况及其影响因素[J].解放军医学杂志, 2010, 35(1):74-78.LI Yanyan, LU Juming, LU Yanhui, et al. Influential factors related to the outcome of carbohydrate metabolism in non-diabetic subjects of a community of Beijing by four-year follow-up[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2010, 35(1):74-78.
2 .郑茂,叶山东.甲状腺功能亢进与糖代谢异常机制的研究进展[J].临床与病理杂志, 2015, 35(2):314-318.ZHENG Mao, YE Shandong. Progress in the study of hyperthyroidism andabnormalglucosemetabolism[J].JournalofClinicaland Pathological Research, 2015, 35(2):314-318.
3 .YangL,ShenX,YanS,etal.HbA1cinthediagnosisofdiabetes and abnormal glucose tolerance in patients with Graves’hyperthyroidism[J]. Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 2013, 101(1):28-34.
4 .李明坤,冯永,刘志广,等.甲状腺功能亢进患者胰岛素抵抗与胰岛B细胞功能状态的观察[J].河北医药, 2012, 34(12):1821-1822.LI Mingkun, FENG Yong, LIU Zhiguang, et al. Insulin resistance and isletβcell function in patients with hyperthyroidism[J]. Hebei Medical Journal, 2012, 34(12):1821-1822.
5 .黄秉文,方咏红,卢颖瑜,等.成人晚发性自身免疫糖尿病与自身免疫性甲状腺疾病的相关性研究[J].海南医学, 2015, 26(20):2991-2995.HUANGBing wen,FANGYonghong,LUYing y u,etal.Late autoimmune diabetes mellitus and autoimmune thyroid in adults Study on the correlation of disease[J]. Hainan Medical Journal, 2015, 26(20):2991-2995.
6 .MokunoT,UchimuraK,HayashiR,etal.Glucosetransporter2concentrations in hyper-and hypothyroid rat livers[J]. J Endocrinol,1999, 160(2):285-289.
7 .GierachM,GierachJ,JunikR.Insulinresistanceandthyroid disorders[J]. Endokrynol Pol, 2014, 65(1):70-76.
8 .Ezzat S, Sarti DA, Cain DR, et al. Thyroid incidentalomas. Prevalence by palpation and ultrasonography[J]. Arch Intern Med, 1994, 154(16):1838-1840.
9 .Rezzonico J, Rezzonico M, Pusiol E, et al. Introducing the thyroid gland as another victim of the insulin resistance syndrome[J]. Thyroid, 2008,18(4):461-464.
10 .徐明艳,冯琨,杨玉芝,等.糖尿病前期胰岛素抵抗与甲状腺结节TI-RADS分级的相关性研究[J].中国继续医学教育, 2018,10(25):64-66.XU Mingyan, FENG Kun, YANG Yuzhi, et al. Study on the correlation betweenpre-diabeticinsulinresistanceandTI-RADSgradingof thyroidnodules[J].ChinaContinuingMedicalEducation,2018,10(25):64-66.
11 .王天歌,毕宇芳,陆洁莉,等.低泌乳素水平与2型糖尿病及糖调节受损密切相关[C].中华医学会第十一次全国内分泌学学术会议论文汇编, 2012(8):132.WANGTiange,BIYufang,LUJieli,etal.Lowprolactinlevels were closely associated with type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose reg ulation[J].Compi lationofpapersofthe11thNational EndocrinologyConferenceoftheChineseMedicalAssociation,2012(8):132.
12 .郭建华,高彬,王琼,等.垂体功能减退症患者和低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退患者糖脂代谢的研究[J].现代生物医学进展,2014, 17(20):3876-3879, 3924.GUO Jianhua, GAO Bin, WANG Qiong, et al. Studies on glucose and Lipid Metabolism in patients with hypophysis and hypogonadotropin hypogonadism[J]. Progress in Modern Biomedicine, 2014, 17(20):3876-3879, 3924.
13 .Maric C. Sex, diabetes and the kidney[J]. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol,2009, 296(4):F680-F688.
14 .马小慧,宁涛,吴铁花,等. 2型糖尿病患者性激素水平测定的临床意义[J].实用糖尿病杂志, 2015, 11(2):55-56.MA Xiaohui, NING Tao, WU Tiehua, et al. Clinical significance of determination of sex hormone levels in patients with type 2 diabetes[J].Journal of Practical Diabetology, 2015, 11(2):55-56.
15 .García-SalcedoJJ,Recio-VegaR,Serrano-GallardoLB,etal.Homeostasismodelassessmentinelderlyadultswithoutdiabetes mellitus[J]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2013, 61(7):1228-1229.
16 .张炜,张征,徐尔理.肾上腺皮质腺瘤患者糖代谢异常及与高肾上腺皮质激素分泌相关性研究[J].中国全科医学, 2013, 16(19):2243-2247.ZHANG Wei, ZHANG Zheng, XU Erli. Study on abnormal glucose metabolism and its correlation with hyper adrenocortical hormone secretion in patients with adrenocortical adenoma[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2013, 16(19):2243-2247.
17 .Steppan CM, Bailey ST, Bhat S, et al. The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes[J]. Nature, 2001, 409(6818):307-312.
18 .Silha JV, Krsek M, Skrha JV, et al. Plasma resistin, adiponectin and leptinlevelsinleanandobesesubjects:correlationswithinsulin resistance[J]. Eur J Endocrinol, 2003, 149(4):331-335.
19 .Degawa-Yamauchi M, Bovenkerk JE, Juliar BE, et al. Serum resistin(FIZZ3)protein is increased in obese humans[J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2003, 88(11):5452-5455.
20 .蒋娥,王自正,孟庆乐,等. 2型糖尿病患者骨密度变化与血糖的相关性[J].中国骨质疏松杂志, 2013, 19(9):961-963.JIANG E, WANG Zizheng, MENG Qingle, et al. Relationship between bone mineral density and blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus[J]. Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis, 2013,19(9):961-963.
21 .Mitri J, Pittas AG. Vitamin D and diabetes[J]. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am, 2014, 43(1):205-232.
22 .MitriJ,MuraruMD,PittasAG.VitaminDandtype2diabetes:a systematic review[J]. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2011, 65(9):1005-1015.
23 .苗志敏,赵世华,王颜刚,等.山东治海地区原发性高尿酸血症和痛风流行病学调查[J].中华内分泌代谢杂志, 2006, 22(5):421-425.MIAO Zhimin, ZHAO Shihua, WANG Yangang, et al. Epidemiological investigationofprimaryhyperuricemiaandgoutinZhihaiarea,ShandongProvince[J].ChineseJournalofEndocrinologyand Metabolism, 2006, 22(5):421-425.
24 .刘淑平,姚勇,叶锦棠,等.儿童原发性痛风可能致病基因分析[J].临床儿科杂志, 2014(6):574-578.LIU Shuping, YAO Yong, YE Jintang, et al. Gene analysis of possible pathogenesisofprimarygoutinchildren[J].JournalofClinical Pediatrics, 2014(6):574-578.
25 .MijiyawaM,OniankitanO.RiskfactorsforgoutinTogolese patients[J]. Joint Bone Spine, 2000, 67(5):441-445.
26 .李定中,白云贤,谢晓敏.绝经后女性2型糖尿病患者性激素变化的探讨[J].宁夏医学杂志, 2013, 35(9):831-832.LI Dingzhong, BAI Yunxian, XIE Xiaomin. Study on the changes of sex hormone in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus[J].Ningxia Medical Journal, 2013, 35(9):831-832.
2 .郑茂,叶山东.甲状腺功能亢进与糖代谢异常机制的研究进展[J].临床与病理杂志, 2015, 35(2):314-318.ZHENG Mao, YE Shandong. Progress in the study of hyperthyroidism andabnormalglucosemetabolism[J].JournalofClinicaland Pathological Research, 2015, 35(2):314-318.
3 .YangL,ShenX,YanS,etal.HbA1cinthediagnosisofdiabetes and abnormal glucose tolerance in patients with Graves’hyperthyroidism[J]. Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 2013, 101(1):28-34.
4 .李明坤,冯永,刘志广,等.甲状腺功能亢进患者胰岛素抵抗与胰岛B细胞功能状态的观察[J].河北医药, 2012, 34(12):1821-1822.LI Mingkun, FENG Yong, LIU Zhiguang, et al. Insulin resistance and isletβcell function in patients with hyperthyroidism[J]. Hebei Medical Journal, 2012, 34(12):1821-1822.
5 .黄秉文,方咏红,卢颖瑜,等.成人晚发性自身免疫糖尿病与自身免疫性甲状腺疾病的相关性研究[J].海南医学, 2015, 26(20):2991-2995.HUANGBing wen,FANGYonghong,LUYing y u,etal.Late autoimmune diabetes mellitus and autoimmune thyroid in adults Study on the correlation of disease[J]. Hainan Medical Journal, 2015, 26(20):2991-2995.
6 .MokunoT,UchimuraK,HayashiR,etal.Glucosetransporter2concentrations in hyper-and hypothyroid rat livers[J]. J Endocrinol,1999, 160(2):285-289.
7 .GierachM,GierachJ,JunikR.Insulinresistanceandthyroid disorders[J]. Endokrynol Pol, 2014, 65(1):70-76.
8 .Ezzat S, Sarti DA, Cain DR, et al. Thyroid incidentalomas. Prevalence by palpation and ultrasonography[J]. Arch Intern Med, 1994, 154(16):1838-1840.
9 .Rezzonico J, Rezzonico M, Pusiol E, et al. Introducing the thyroid gland as another victim of the insulin resistance syndrome[J]. Thyroid, 2008,18(4):461-464.
10 .徐明艳,冯琨,杨玉芝,等.糖尿病前期胰岛素抵抗与甲状腺结节TI-RADS分级的相关性研究[J].中国继续医学教育, 2018,10(25):64-66.XU Mingyan, FENG Kun, YANG Yuzhi, et al. Study on the correlation betweenpre-diabeticinsulinresistanceandTI-RADSgradingof thyroidnodules[J].ChinaContinuingMedicalEducation,2018,10(25):64-66.
11 .王天歌,毕宇芳,陆洁莉,等.低泌乳素水平与2型糖尿病及糖调节受损密切相关[C].中华医学会第十一次全国内分泌学学术会议论文汇编, 2012(8):132.WANGTiange,BIYufang,LUJieli,etal.Lowprolactinlevels were closely associated with type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose reg ulation[J].Compi lationofpapersofthe11thNational EndocrinologyConferenceoftheChineseMedicalAssociation,2012(8):132.
12 .郭建华,高彬,王琼,等.垂体功能减退症患者和低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退患者糖脂代谢的研究[J].现代生物医学进展,2014, 17(20):3876-3879, 3924.GUO Jianhua, GAO Bin, WANG Qiong, et al. Studies on glucose and Lipid Metabolism in patients with hypophysis and hypogonadotropin hypogonadism[J]. Progress in Modern Biomedicine, 2014, 17(20):3876-3879, 3924.
13 .Maric C. Sex, diabetes and the kidney[J]. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol,2009, 296(4):F680-F688.
14 .马小慧,宁涛,吴铁花,等. 2型糖尿病患者性激素水平测定的临床意义[J].实用糖尿病杂志, 2015, 11(2):55-56.MA Xiaohui, NING Tao, WU Tiehua, et al. Clinical significance of determination of sex hormone levels in patients with type 2 diabetes[J].Journal of Practical Diabetology, 2015, 11(2):55-56.
15 .García-SalcedoJJ,Recio-VegaR,Serrano-GallardoLB,etal.Homeostasismodelassessmentinelderlyadultswithoutdiabetes mellitus[J]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2013, 61(7):1228-1229.
16 .张炜,张征,徐尔理.肾上腺皮质腺瘤患者糖代谢异常及与高肾上腺皮质激素分泌相关性研究[J].中国全科医学, 2013, 16(19):2243-2247.ZHANG Wei, ZHANG Zheng, XU Erli. Study on abnormal glucose metabolism and its correlation with hyper adrenocortical hormone secretion in patients with adrenocortical adenoma[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2013, 16(19):2243-2247.
17 .Steppan CM, Bailey ST, Bhat S, et al. The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes[J]. Nature, 2001, 409(6818):307-312.
18 .Silha JV, Krsek M, Skrha JV, et al. Plasma resistin, adiponectin and leptinlevelsinleanandobesesubjects:correlationswithinsulin resistance[J]. Eur J Endocrinol, 2003, 149(4):331-335.
19 .Degawa-Yamauchi M, Bovenkerk JE, Juliar BE, et al. Serum resistin(FIZZ3)protein is increased in obese humans[J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2003, 88(11):5452-5455.
20 .蒋娥,王自正,孟庆乐,等. 2型糖尿病患者骨密度变化与血糖的相关性[J].中国骨质疏松杂志, 2013, 19(9):961-963.JIANG E, WANG Zizheng, MENG Qingle, et al. Relationship between bone mineral density and blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus[J]. Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis, 2013,19(9):961-963.
21 .Mitri J, Pittas AG. Vitamin D and diabetes[J]. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am, 2014, 43(1):205-232.
22 .MitriJ,MuraruMD,PittasAG.VitaminDandtype2diabetes:a systematic review[J]. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2011, 65(9):1005-1015.
23 .苗志敏,赵世华,王颜刚,等.山东治海地区原发性高尿酸血症和痛风流行病学调查[J].中华内分泌代谢杂志, 2006, 22(5):421-425.MIAO Zhimin, ZHAO Shihua, WANG Yangang, et al. Epidemiological investigationofprimaryhyperuricemiaandgoutinZhihaiarea,ShandongProvince[J].ChineseJournalofEndocrinologyand Metabolism, 2006, 22(5):421-425.
24 .刘淑平,姚勇,叶锦棠,等.儿童原发性痛风可能致病基因分析[J].临床儿科杂志, 2014(6):574-578.LIU Shuping, YAO Yong, YE Jintang, et al. Gene analysis of possible pathogenesisofprimarygoutinchildren[J].JournalofClinical Pediatrics, 2014(6):574-578.
25 .MijiyawaM,OniankitanO.RiskfactorsforgoutinTogolese patients[J]. Joint Bone Spine, 2000, 67(5):441-445.
26 .李定中,白云贤,谢晓敏.绝经后女性2型糖尿病患者性激素变化的探讨[J].宁夏医学杂志, 2013, 35(9):831-832.LI Dingzhong, BAI Yunxian, XIE Xiaomin. Study on the changes of sex hormone in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus[J].Ningxia Medical Journal, 2013, 35(9):831-832.