区域旅游景点空间分布格局及可达性评价——以皖南国际文化旅游示范区为例
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摘要
综合运用GIS空间分析方法对皖南国际文化旅游示范区内不同类别A级旅游景点的空间结构和可达性进行综合评价,并探究其空间分异规律。结果表明:(1)不同类别旅游景点均呈集聚型分布状态,人文景点集聚程度高于自然景点,且不同类型景点系统分形特征明显,存在局部围绕城市和交通线分布的情况,表现为"大集聚、小分散"的核心边缘分布格局。(2)示范区旅游景点的空间可达性整体较优,平均可达时间为22.55 min,但区域内可达性分布差异显著,呈现明显的交通指向性特征,自然景点的可达性要优于人文景点的可达性。(3)不同类别景点基于县域单元的整体可达性空间上呈集聚格局,可达性的热点区共同表现为以铜陵市、铜陵县、南陵县、繁昌县和青阳县为核心的圈层结构,冷点区域主要呈连续带状分布在示范区的西南部地区。(4)影响可达性的因素主要有旅游景点空间分布、交通路网结构的区域差异以及自然和人文环境。
Using GIS spatial analysis method to comprehensively evaluate the spatial structure and accessibility of different types of level-A tourist attractions of Southern Anhui International Cultural Tourism Destination, and exploring the law of spatial distribution. The results showed that:(1)Different types of tourist attractions are all in clustered distribution. Humanities attractions are more concentrated than natural attractions. Different types of tourist attractions have obvious fractal features, and there are some local distribution around the city and traffic line, which is characterized by the core-edge distribution pattern of"large agglomeration and small dispersion".(2)The accessibility of tourist attractions in the area is good, with an average time of 22.55 min. The accessibility distribution in the region is significantly different, showing obvious traffic directivity characteristics, and the accessibility of natural attractions is better than the accessibility of human attractions.(3)The accessibility that based on the county of different tourist attractions shows agglomeration on spatial distribution. The hotspots of accessibility shows the circle structure which Tongling City, Tongling County, Nanling County, Fanchang County and Qingyang County as the core. The cold spot area is mainly distributed in a continuous strip shape in the southwestern part of the demonstration area.(4) The factors affecting accessibility mainly include the spatial distribution of tourist attractions, regional differences in traffic network structure, and natural and human environments.
Using GIS spatial analysis method to comprehensively evaluate the spatial structure and accessibility of different types of level-A tourist attractions of Southern Anhui International Cultural Tourism Destination, and exploring the law of spatial distribution. The results showed that:(1)Different types of tourist attractions are all in clustered distribution. Humanities attractions are more concentrated than natural attractions. Different types of tourist attractions have obvious fractal features, and there are some local distribution around the city and traffic line, which is characterized by the core-edge distribution pattern of"large agglomeration and small dispersion".(2)The accessibility of tourist attractions in the area is good, with an average time of 22.55 min. The accessibility distribution in the region is significantly different, showing obvious traffic directivity characteristics, and the accessibility of natural attractions is better than the accessibility of human attractions.(3)The accessibility that based on the county of different tourist attractions shows agglomeration on spatial distribution. The hotspots of accessibility shows the circle structure which Tongling City, Tongling County, Nanling County, Fanchang County and Qingyang County as the core. The cold spot area is mainly distributed in a continuous strip shape in the southwestern part of the demonstration area.(4) The factors affecting accessibility mainly include the spatial distribution of tourist attractions, regional differences in traffic network structure, and natural and human environments.
引文
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[16]邓丽,邵景安,郭跃,等.基于改进的两步移动搜索法的山区医疗服务空间可达性——以重庆市石柱县为例[J].地理科学进展,2015.34(6):716-725.
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[23]朱磊,胡静,许贤棠,等.中国旅游扶贫地空间格局及成因[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(11):130-138.
[24]李保超,王朝辉,李龙,等高速铁路对区域内部旅游可达性影响——以皖南国际文化旅游示范区为例[J].经济地理,2016,36(9):182-191.
[25]朱磊,胡静,周葆华,等.中国省域森林公园旅游发展效率测度及其空间格局演化[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(12):2 003-2 011.
[26]王振波,徐建刚,朱传耿,等.中国县域可达性区域划分及其与人口分布的关系[J].地理学报,2010,65(4):416-426.
[2]Andreas Papatheodorou.Exploring the evolution of tourism resorts[J].Annals of Tourism Research,2004,31(1):219-237.
[3]Song Y,Lee K,Anderson W P.Industrial agglomeration and transport accessibility in metropolitan Seoul[J].Journal of Geographical Systems,2012,14(3):299-318
[4]Sophie M,Romain P.Can the high speed rail reinforce tourism attractiveness?The case of the high speed rail between Perpignan(France)and Barcelona(Spain)[J].Technovation,2009,29(9):611-617.
[5]胡美娟,李在军,侯国林,等.江苏省乡村旅游景点空间格局及其多尺度特征[J].经济地理,2015,35(6):202-208.
[6]潘竟虎,从忆波.中国4A级及以上旅游景点(区)空间可达性测度[J].地理科学,2012,32(11):1 321-1 327.
[7]程海峰,胡文海.池州市A级旅游景区空间结构[J].地理科学,2014,34(10):1 275-1 280.
[8]朱晓华,乌恩.旅游系统网络空间分形研究的科学展望[J].地理科学进展,2007,26(1):133-142.
[9]姜博,初楠臣,修春亮,等.中国“四纵四横”高铁网络可达性综合评估与对比[J].地理学报,2016,71(4):591-604.
[10]Hansen W G.How accessibility shapes land-use[J].Journal of the American Institute of Planners,1959,25:73-76.
[11]Geurs K T,Bertvan W.Accessibility evaluation of land-use andtransport strategies:review and researchdirections[J].Journal of Transport Geography,2004,20(12):127-140.
[12]Li S M,Shum Y M.Impacts of the National Trunk Highway System on accessibility in China[J].Journal of Transport Geography,2001,9(1):39-48.
[13]Kwan M P.Murray A T.Recent advances in accessibility research:representationmethodology and applications[J].Geographical Systems,2003,12(5):129-138.
[14]王法辉.基于GIS的数量方法与应用[M].北京:商务印书馆,2011.
[15]侯松岩,姜洪涛.基于城市公共交通的长春市医院可达性分析[J].地理研究,2014,33(5):915-925.
[16]邓丽,邵景安,郭跃,等.基于改进的两步移动搜索法的山区医疗服务空间可达性——以重庆市石柱县为例[J].地理科学进展,2015.34(6):716-725.
[17]陈秋晓,侯焱,吴霜.机会公平视角下绍兴城市公园绿地可达性评价[J].地理科学,2016,36(3):375-383.
[18]王丽,邓羽,刘盛和,等.基于改进场模型的城市影响范围动态演变——以中国中部地区为例[J].地理学报,2011,66(2):189-198.
[19]王美霞,蒋才芳,王永明,等.基于公路交通网的武陵山片区旅游景点可达性格局分析[J].经济地理,2014,34(6):187-192.
[20]钟业喜,刘影,赖格英.江西省红色旅游景区可达性分析及空间结构优化研究[J].江西师范大学学报:自然科学版,2011,35(2):208-212.
[21]靳诚,陆玉麒,范黎丽.基于公路网络的长江三角洲旅游景点可达性格局研究[J].自然资源学报,2010,25(2):258-269.
[22]刘大均,胡静,陈君子.武汉市休闲旅游地空间结构及差异研究[J].经济地理,2014,34(3):176-181.
[23]朱磊,胡静,许贤棠,等.中国旅游扶贫地空间格局及成因[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(11):130-138.
[24]李保超,王朝辉,李龙,等高速铁路对区域内部旅游可达性影响——以皖南国际文化旅游示范区为例[J].经济地理,2016,36(9):182-191.
[25]朱磊,胡静,周葆华,等.中国省域森林公园旅游发展效率测度及其空间格局演化[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(12):2 003-2 011.
[26]王振波,徐建刚,朱传耿,等.中国县域可达性区域划分及其与人口分布的关系[J].地理学报,2010,65(4):416-426.