健康中国视域下群众体育发展模式的结构创新
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摘要
群众体育是我国体育事业的重要组成部分,经过多年的发展,逐步形成了"政府主导、部门协同、全社会共同参与"的发展模式。随着市场经济改革进一步深化,我国社会主要矛盾转化为人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾,现有群众体育发展模式已无法满足人民对健康生活的追求,迫切需要在国家治理体系层面上对其进行改革完善。通过文献资料分析法,对群众体育发展模式的结构进行剖析,对未能明确的主要问题进行梳理,发现现有模式存在主体不明、承担者模糊、发展方式单一、体育社会组织参与不够等问题。由此,提出群众体育发展模式的新思路及结构模型,明确政府、社会组织、市场在群众体育发展模式当中各自的作用、发展主体及性质。群众体育"政府引导、社会参与、公民主体、市场推动"的发展新模式将成为新时代体育事业发展的源动力。即人民中心和公民主体地位充分体现,政府引导方式和责权范围明晰,体育社会组织参与主办承办者身份明确,社会自我组织有效管理,市场参与度高,体育服务供给丰富。以期对我国群众体育的长效发展提供建议及切实有效的发展路径,深入落实全民健身战略,提高人民健康水平。
Mass sport is an important part of China's sport. After years of development,a development model of"government-led,department-coordinated,and the whole society jointly participating"has gradually been formed.With the further deepening of market economy reform,the main social contradictions in China have been transformed into the contradiction between people's growing need for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development. The current development mode of mass sports can no longer meet the people's pursuit of healthy life,and it is urgent to reform and improve it at the level of national governance system. This paper analyzes the structure of mass sports development mode,combs the main problems that are not clear by the method of literature review,and finds that the existing mode has some problems,such as unclear subject,vague undertaker,single development mode,insufficient participation of sports social organizations and so on. Thus,it puts forward a new idea and structure model for the development of mass sports,and clarifies the respective roles,development subjects and nature of government,social organizations and market in the development model of mass sports. The new development mode of mass sports with "government guidance,social participation,citizen subject and market promotion"will become the driving force for the development of sports undertakings in the new era. The status of the people's center and the public democracy is fully embodied,the government's guiding mode and scope of responsibility and power are clear,the identity of the organizer of the participation of sports social organizations is clear,the social self-organization is effectively managed,the market participation is high,and the supply of sports services is rich. This paper hopes to provide suggestions and practical and effective path for the long-term development of mass sports in China,to implement the National Fitness strategy in depth,and to improve people's health level.
Mass sport is an important part of China's sport. After years of development,a development model of"government-led,department-coordinated,and the whole society jointly participating"has gradually been formed.With the further deepening of market economy reform,the main social contradictions in China have been transformed into the contradiction between people's growing need for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development. The current development mode of mass sports can no longer meet the people's pursuit of healthy life,and it is urgent to reform and improve it at the level of national governance system. This paper analyzes the structure of mass sports development mode,combs the main problems that are not clear by the method of literature review,and finds that the existing mode has some problems,such as unclear subject,vague undertaker,single development mode,insufficient participation of sports social organizations and so on. Thus,it puts forward a new idea and structure model for the development of mass sports,and clarifies the respective roles,development subjects and nature of government,social organizations and market in the development model of mass sports. The new development mode of mass sports with "government guidance,social participation,citizen subject and market promotion"will become the driving force for the development of sports undertakings in the new era. The status of the people's center and the public democracy is fully embodied,the government's guiding mode and scope of responsibility and power are clear,the identity of the organizer of the participation of sports social organizations is clear,the social self-organization is effectively managed,the market participation is high,and the supply of sports services is rich. This paper hopes to provide suggestions and practical and effective path for the long-term development of mass sports in China,to implement the National Fitness strategy in depth,and to improve people's health level.
引文
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[23]中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定[N].人民日报,2013-11-16-23870(01).
[24]宣晓伟.国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的制度安排:从社会分工理论观瞻[J].改革,2014(4):151-159.
[25]习近平.打造共建共治共享的社会治理格局[EB/OL].(2017-10-28)[2018-08-28]. http://cpc.people. com. cn/n1/2017/1028/c64094-29613660.html.
[26]李理,黄亚玲.治理视域下体育社团社会责任的概念溯源及体系构建[J].北京体育大学学报,2018,41(2):25-32,39.
[27]顾朝曦.继续深入推进全国性行业协会商会与行政机关脱钩改革[EB/OL].(2015-08-25)[2018-08-28]. http://www. chinanpo. gov. cn/3201/98114/newsindex.html.
[28]陈丛刊.体育社会组织监管新视阈:社会责任国际标准[J].北京体育大学学报,2017,40(5):28-33.
[2]习近平会见全国体育先进单位和先进个人代表等[EB/OL].(2017-08-27)[2018-08-28].http://www.gov. cn/xinwen/2017-08/27/content_5220823.htm.
[3]任海.以群众体育促进社会建设[J].北京体育大学学报,2014,37(9):1-9.
[4]鲍明晓,邱雪,吴卅.论市场在群众体育发展中的作用[J].北京体育大学学报,2014,37(6):1-6.
[5]刘国永.全面深化群众体育改革的思考[J].体育科学,2015,35(8):3-7.
[6]刘国永.对新时代群众体育发展的若干思考[J].体育科学,2018,38(1):4-8.
[7]仇军.群众体育发展的困境与出路[J].体育科学,2016,36(7):3-9.
[8]国家体育总局.改革开放30年的中国体育[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2008,2.
[9]李相如.论全民健身战略的国家发展地位[J].南京体育学院学报(社会科学版),2015,30(5):7-13.
[10]国家体育总局.体育发展“十三五”规划[EB/OL].(2016-05-05)[2018-08-28]. http://www.sport.gov.cn/n10503/c722960/content.html.
[11]十八大以来我国经济社会发展取得新的辉煌成就[N].经济日报,2017-06-17-12355(01).
[12]人力资源和社会保障部.人社部党组召开学习贯彻党的十九大精神扩大会议[EB/OL].(2017-10-26)[2018-08-28]. http://www. mohrss. gov.cn/SYrlzyhshbzb/dongtaixinwen/buneiyaowen/201710/t20171026_280103.html.
[13]王松,张凤彪.“健康中国”引领下全民健身国家战略实现路径研究[J].体育文化导刊,2017(8):38-41,66.
[14]习近平.切实把思想统一到党的十八届三中全会精神上来[J].求是,2014(1):3-6.
[15]新华社.把人民健康放在优先发展战略地位努力全方位全周期保障人民健康[N].人民日报,2016-08-21-24879(1).
[16]新华社.开创我国体育事业发展新局面加快把我国建设成为体育强国[N].人民日报,2017-08-28-25251(01).
[17]杨桦,王凯珍,熊晓正,等.改革开放以来我国群众体育的发展演进与思考[J].北京体育大学学报,2005,28(6):721-726.
[18]民政部.2016年社会服务发展统计公报[EB/OL].(2017-08-03)[2018-08-28].http://www.mca.gov.cn/article/sj/tjgb/201708/20170800005382.shtml.
[19]任波,戴俊,夏成前,等.中国体育产业结构的内涵解析与供给侧优化[J].北京体育大学学报,2018,41(4):16-23.
[20]中国产业信息网.2017年中国体育产业规模、市场发展前景及未来投资机会分析预测[EB/OL].(2017-01-03)[2018-08-28]. http://www.chyxx.com/industry/201701/483330.html.
[21]朱汉义.我国财政体育投入效能实证分析[J].上海体育学院学报,2015,39(1):12-17.
[22] 2016年中国体育产业行业发展概况分析[EB/OL].(2016-05-03)[2018-08-28]. http://www.chyxx.com/industry/201605/412151.html.
[23]中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定[N].人民日报,2013-11-16-23870(01).
[24]宣晓伟.国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的制度安排:从社会分工理论观瞻[J].改革,2014(4):151-159.
[25]习近平.打造共建共治共享的社会治理格局[EB/OL].(2017-10-28)[2018-08-28]. http://cpc.people. com. cn/n1/2017/1028/c64094-29613660.html.
[26]李理,黄亚玲.治理视域下体育社团社会责任的概念溯源及体系构建[J].北京体育大学学报,2018,41(2):25-32,39.
[27]顾朝曦.继续深入推进全国性行业协会商会与行政机关脱钩改革[EB/OL].(2015-08-25)[2018-08-28]. http://www. chinanpo. gov. cn/3201/98114/newsindex.html.
[28]陈丛刊.体育社会组织监管新视阈:社会责任国际标准[J].北京体育大学学报,2017,40(5):28-33.