酸性有机磷萃取剂对镓的萃取研究
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摘要
水相初始pH值=2. 0时,0. 3 mol/L的酸性有机磷萃取剂基本可以实现对盐酸溶液中镓的完全萃取,且萃取能力遵循萃取剂的酸度顺序:D2EHPA(99. 2%)> PC88A(98. 3%)> Cyanex 272(76. 9%)。随着水相初始pH值升高,越来越多的镓被萃取到有机相,且由于氢离子的释放导致较高的平衡pH值。通过FT-IR分析了D2EHPA的P=O及P-O的吸收峰明显大于PC88A、Cyanex 272。另外,3mol/L的盐酸溶液作为反萃剂对D2EHPA、PC88A、Cyanex 272的负载有机相进行反萃时,镓的反萃率达到最高,分别为81. 7%、85. 5%、93. 5%。最后,利用斜率分析法推导出三种酸性含磷萃取剂的萃取机理方程式:Ga(OH)_(2,org)~++(HA)_(2,org)=Ga(OH)_2A·(HA)_(org)+H_(aq)~+。
When the initial p H of the aqueous phase is 2. 0,0. 3 mol/L of acidic organophosphorous extractant can achieved complete extraction of gallium from hydrochloric acid solution. And the extraction ability followed the acidity of the extractant:D2 EHPA( 99. 2%) > PC88 A( 98. 3%) > Cyanex 272( 76. 9%). As the initial p H of the aqueous phase increases,more and more gallium is extracted into the organic phase,and the released of hydrogen ions leaded to a higher equilibrium p H. The absorption peaks of P = O and P-O in D2 EHPA were significantly higher than PC88 A and Cyanex 272 by FT-IR analysis. The loaded organic phase of D2 EHPA,PC88 A and Cyanex 272 was stripping by using 3 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution as stripping agent,the stripping rate of gallium was the highest,81. 7%,85. 5% and 93. 5% respectively. Finally,the equation of extraction mechanism of three acidic organophosphorous extractants was derived by slope analysis method Ga(OH)_(2,org)~++(HA)_(2,org)=Ga(OH)_2A·(HA)_(org)+H_(aq)~+.
When the initial p H of the aqueous phase is 2. 0,0. 3 mol/L of acidic organophosphorous extractant can achieved complete extraction of gallium from hydrochloric acid solution. And the extraction ability followed the acidity of the extractant:D2 EHPA( 99. 2%) > PC88 A( 98. 3%) > Cyanex 272( 76. 9%). As the initial p H of the aqueous phase increases,more and more gallium is extracted into the organic phase,and the released of hydrogen ions leaded to a higher equilibrium p H. The absorption peaks of P = O and P-O in D2 EHPA were significantly higher than PC88 A and Cyanex 272 by FT-IR analysis. The loaded organic phase of D2 EHPA,PC88 A and Cyanex 272 was stripping by using 3 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution as stripping agent,the stripping rate of gallium was the highest,81. 7%,85. 5% and 93. 5% respectively. Finally,the equation of extraction mechanism of three acidic organophosphorous extractants was derived by slope analysis method Ga(OH)_(2,org)~++(HA)_(2,org)=Ga(OH)_2A·(HA)_(org)+H_(aq)~+.
引文
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[2]黄文辉,赵继尧.中国煤中的锗和镓[J].中国煤田地质,2002(14):66.
[3]芦小飞,王磊,王新德,等.金属镓提取技术进展[J].有色金属工程,2008,60(4):105-108.
[4]Bao Changnian,Zhang Decheng,Niu Shaochong,et al.Studies of the extraction of gallium and its mechanism with dimethylheptyl acetamide[J].Chemical Research in Chinese Universities,1981,2(2):251-256.
[5]Iyer J N,Dhadke P M.Liquid-liquid extraction and separation of gallium(Ⅲ),indium(Ⅲ),and thallium(Ⅲ)by Cyanex925[J].Separation Science and Technology,2001,36:2773-2784.
[6]Zhang X,Yin G.Liquid-liquid extraction of gallium(Ⅲ)from chloride media with carboxylic acids in kerosene[J].Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange,2002,20:115-125.
[7]Wang X L,Li W,Li D Q.Extraction and stripping of rare earths using mixtures of acidic phosphorus-based reagents[J].Journal of Rare Earths,2011,29:413-415.