2016—2018年上海市金山区重点人群碘营养状况监测结果
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摘要
目的了解上海市金山区孕妇和学龄儿童的碘营养状况。方法 2016—2018年,按人口比率概率抽样法,每年抽取5个街道(镇),每个街道(镇)中随机抽取1所小学,2016年从5所小学中随机抽取350名6～11岁学生,2017—2018年从5所小学中每年随机抽取200名8～10岁学生,检测尿碘含量及其家中食用盐碘含量,2017年增加甲状腺容积测量。2016—2018年分别在所抽取的5所街道(镇)中,共抽样检测301名孕妇的尿碘含量,并检测其家中食用盐碘含量。结果 2016—2018年6～11岁学龄儿童、孕妇的尿碘平均中位数分别为170.00μg/L和128.16μg/L,尿碘中位数逐年下降,2018年孕妇尿碘中位数下降明显,为98.00μg/L。2016—2018年合格碘盐食用率6～11岁学龄儿童从77.43%下降至48.00%,孕妇从79.00%下降至56.44%,合格碘盐食用率逐年下降明显。碘含量平均中位数6～11岁学龄儿童和孕妇分别为23.60和23.40 mg/kg,碘含量中位数亦逐年下降。2017年8～10岁学龄儿童甲状腺肿大率为2.00%。结论 2016—2018年上海市金山区儿童甲状腺肿大率低于国家标准,儿童碘营养水平适宜,孕妇碘营养水平逐年下降,处于碘营养不足状态。应进一步加强孕妇碘营养的健康干预。
Objective To understand the iodine-nutrition of pregnant women and the school-age children in Jinshan District of Shanghai. Methods From 2016-2018, five streets(towns) were sampled annually according to the probability sampling method of population ratio, one primary school was randomly selected from each s treet(town). 350 pupils aged 6-11 years old were randomly selected from five primary schools in 2016 and 200 pupils aged 8-10 years old were randomly selected from five primary schools in 2017-2018. The urinary iodine content and iodine content in household edible salt of the students were detected, and thyroid volume measurement was supplemented in 2017. From 2016-2018, 301 pregnant women were sampled in five streets(towns) mentioned above, and their urinary iodine and iodine content in household edible salt were detected. Results From2016-2018, the median urinary iodine of school children aged 6-11 years old and pregnant women was 170.00 μg/L and 128.16μg/L respectively. The median urinary iodine decreased annually especially of pregnant women in 2018, which was 98.00 μg/L.From 2016-2018, the qualified iodized salt consumption rate of school children aged 6-11 years old and pregnant women dropped from 77.43% to 48.00% and 79.00% to 56.44% respectively, with an obvious downward trend. The median iodine content in salt of school children aged 6-11 years old and pregnant women was 23.60 and 23.40 mg/kg respectively, with an obvious downward trend. Goiter rate in school children aged 8-10 years old was 2.00% in 2017. Conclusion From 2016-2018, the goiter rate of children in Jinshan District of Shanghai is lower than national level while iodine level is appropriate. However, iodine nutrition level of pregnant women declined year by year, and there is an iodine deficiency. It is necessary to further strengthen intervention of iodine nutrition in pregnant women.
Objective To understand the iodine-nutrition of pregnant women and the school-age children in Jinshan District of Shanghai. Methods From 2016-2018, five streets(towns) were sampled annually according to the probability sampling method of population ratio, one primary school was randomly selected from each s treet(town). 350 pupils aged 6-11 years old were randomly selected from five primary schools in 2016 and 200 pupils aged 8-10 years old were randomly selected from five primary schools in 2017-2018. The urinary iodine content and iodine content in household edible salt of the students were detected, and thyroid volume measurement was supplemented in 2017. From 2016-2018, 301 pregnant women were sampled in five streets(towns) mentioned above, and their urinary iodine and iodine content in household edible salt were detected. Results From2016-2018, the median urinary iodine of school children aged 6-11 years old and pregnant women was 170.00 μg/L and 128.16μg/L respectively. The median urinary iodine decreased annually especially of pregnant women in 2018, which was 98.00 μg/L.From 2016-2018, the qualified iodized salt consumption rate of school children aged 6-11 years old and pregnant women dropped from 77.43% to 48.00% and 79.00% to 56.44% respectively, with an obvious downward trend. The median iodine content in salt of school children aged 6-11 years old and pregnant women was 23.60 and 23.40 mg/kg respectively, with an obvious downward trend. Goiter rate in school children aged 8-10 years old was 2.00% in 2017. Conclusion From 2016-2018, the goiter rate of children in Jinshan District of Shanghai is lower than national level while iodine level is appropriate. However, iodine nutrition level of pregnant women declined year by year, and there is an iodine deficiency. It is necessary to further strengthen intervention of iodine nutrition in pregnant women.
引文
[1]陈吉祥,李忠之,许弘凯.95中国碘缺乏病监测[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1999:17.
[2]阎玉芹.中国十大城市学龄儿童碘营养状况调查分析[J].中国地方病学杂志,1995,10(6):326-329.
[3]中华人民共和国卫生部.食用盐碘含量:GB 26878-2011[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011:1.
[4]中华人民共和国卫生部.尿中碘的砷铈催化分光光度测定方法:WS/T 107-2007[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006:1-5.
[5]中华人民共和国卫生部.制盐工业通用试验方法碘的测定:GB/T 13025.7-2012[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012:1-12.
[6]中华人民共和国卫生部.地方性甲状腺肿诊断标准:WS 276-2007[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007:1-6.
[7]中华人民共和国卫生部.碘缺乏病病区划分:GB 16005-2009[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009,2004.
[8]汪正园,周静哲,邹淑蓉,等.2015年上海市重点人群碘营养状况监测[J].上海预防医学,2017,29(6):423-425.
[9]周蔚,夏蒨,李香亭.2015-2017年上海市杨浦区8~10岁儿童碘营养状况综合评价[J].中国地方病防治杂志,2018,33(3):253-256.
[10]孙殿军,肖东楼,刘守军.2011年中国碘缺乏病监测[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2014:50-53.
[11]赵文德,郑育训,顾岩红,等.天津市围产期妇女内源性碘丢失的研究[J].中国地方病学杂志,1998,17(1):82-83.
[12]中国高血压防治指南修订委员会.中国高血压防治指南2010[J].中华高血压杂志,2011,19(8):701-743.
[13]宋峻,吴春峰,汪正园,等.上海市合格碘盐食用率及孕妇和哺乳期妇女尿碘水平[J].环境和职业医学,2016,33(4):375-379.
[14]臧嘉捷,周静哲,邹淑蓉,等.上海市居民碘营养及膳食碘摄入状况综合评估[J].上海预防医学,2017,29(6):417-422.
[15]陈日暖,赵伟良,李翠友,等.新会区2015年城乡孕妇碘营养水平与知晓率比较[J].海峡预防医学杂志,2017,23(1):43-45.
[16]李忠春,高志敏.牡丹江市城乡妊娠妇女碘营养水平和甲状腺功能分析[J].中国当代医药,2010,17(22):200-201.
[17]张万起,陈雯.解决当前重点人群碘营养问题的关键策略:个体化碘适宜方案[C].中国营养学会微量元素营养第十二次学术会议暨第六届微量元素营养分会会员大会论文集,四川:凉山,2014:137-138.
[18]WHO,DEPARTMENT of NUTRITION for HEALTH and DEVELOP-MENT,INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL for CONTROL of IODINE DE-FICIENCY DISORDERS,UNICEF.Assessment of iodine deficiency disorders and monitoring their elimination:a guide for programme managers:Third edition[R].Geneva:WHO,2008:29.
[19]闫玉芹,陈祖培.正确和规范化使用“尿碘”这一生物学指标[J].中国地方病学杂志,2002,21(6):512-514.
[20]MANKE C,MARCUS C,PAGE A,et al.Pain in femoral arteriography.A double-blind,randomized,clinical study comparing safety and efficacy of the iso-osmolar iodixanol 270 mg I/ml and the lowosmolar iomeprol 300 mg I/ml in 9 European centers[J].Acta Radiol,2003,44(6):590-596.
[21]魏亚红,王燕玲,马鹏程.某地区妊娠早期妇女碘营养状况与甲状腺功能减退症的相关性分析[J].国外医学医学地理分册,2017,38(2):151-153.
[22]张立岩,赵秀芬,周晓.山东省青岛地区妊娠早期妇女碘营养状况与甲状腺功能减退症的相关性分析[J].中国基层医药,2016,23(15):2248-2251.
[23]李晨嫣,单忠艳.妊娠期碘营养与甲状腺功能[J].中华地方病学杂志,2016,35(3):161-165.
[24]伍啸青,陈志辉,戴龙,等.沿海产盐区与非产盐区妊娠期妇女碘营养状况及甲状腺功能水平分析[J].中国疾病控制杂志,2012,16(8):654-657.
[21]万欢,郭艳巍,毛淑芳.碘盐新标准实施前后育龄妇女碘营养状况分析[J].山东医药,2017,57(20):107-110.
[2]阎玉芹.中国十大城市学龄儿童碘营养状况调查分析[J].中国地方病学杂志,1995,10(6):326-329.
[3]中华人民共和国卫生部.食用盐碘含量:GB 26878-2011[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011:1.
[4]中华人民共和国卫生部.尿中碘的砷铈催化分光光度测定方法:WS/T 107-2007[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006:1-5.
[5]中华人民共和国卫生部.制盐工业通用试验方法碘的测定:GB/T 13025.7-2012[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012:1-12.
[6]中华人民共和国卫生部.地方性甲状腺肿诊断标准:WS 276-2007[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007:1-6.
[7]中华人民共和国卫生部.碘缺乏病病区划分:GB 16005-2009[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009,2004.
[8]汪正园,周静哲,邹淑蓉,等.2015年上海市重点人群碘营养状况监测[J].上海预防医学,2017,29(6):423-425.
[9]周蔚,夏蒨,李香亭.2015-2017年上海市杨浦区8~10岁儿童碘营养状况综合评价[J].中国地方病防治杂志,2018,33(3):253-256.
[10]孙殿军,肖东楼,刘守军.2011年中国碘缺乏病监测[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2014:50-53.
[11]赵文德,郑育训,顾岩红,等.天津市围产期妇女内源性碘丢失的研究[J].中国地方病学杂志,1998,17(1):82-83.
[12]中国高血压防治指南修订委员会.中国高血压防治指南2010[J].中华高血压杂志,2011,19(8):701-743.
[13]宋峻,吴春峰,汪正园,等.上海市合格碘盐食用率及孕妇和哺乳期妇女尿碘水平[J].环境和职业医学,2016,33(4):375-379.
[14]臧嘉捷,周静哲,邹淑蓉,等.上海市居民碘营养及膳食碘摄入状况综合评估[J].上海预防医学,2017,29(6):417-422.
[15]陈日暖,赵伟良,李翠友,等.新会区2015年城乡孕妇碘营养水平与知晓率比较[J].海峡预防医学杂志,2017,23(1):43-45.
[16]李忠春,高志敏.牡丹江市城乡妊娠妇女碘营养水平和甲状腺功能分析[J].中国当代医药,2010,17(22):200-201.
[17]张万起,陈雯.解决当前重点人群碘营养问题的关键策略:个体化碘适宜方案[C].中国营养学会微量元素营养第十二次学术会议暨第六届微量元素营养分会会员大会论文集,四川:凉山,2014:137-138.
[18]WHO,DEPARTMENT of NUTRITION for HEALTH and DEVELOP-MENT,INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL for CONTROL of IODINE DE-FICIENCY DISORDERS,UNICEF.Assessment of iodine deficiency disorders and monitoring their elimination:a guide for programme managers:Third edition[R].Geneva:WHO,2008:29.
[19]闫玉芹,陈祖培.正确和规范化使用“尿碘”这一生物学指标[J].中国地方病学杂志,2002,21(6):512-514.
[20]MANKE C,MARCUS C,PAGE A,et al.Pain in femoral arteriography.A double-blind,randomized,clinical study comparing safety and efficacy of the iso-osmolar iodixanol 270 mg I/ml and the lowosmolar iomeprol 300 mg I/ml in 9 European centers[J].Acta Radiol,2003,44(6):590-596.
[21]魏亚红,王燕玲,马鹏程.某地区妊娠早期妇女碘营养状况与甲状腺功能减退症的相关性分析[J].国外医学医学地理分册,2017,38(2):151-153.
[22]张立岩,赵秀芬,周晓.山东省青岛地区妊娠早期妇女碘营养状况与甲状腺功能减退症的相关性分析[J].中国基层医药,2016,23(15):2248-2251.
[23]李晨嫣,单忠艳.妊娠期碘营养与甲状腺功能[J].中华地方病学杂志,2016,35(3):161-165.
[24]伍啸青,陈志辉,戴龙,等.沿海产盐区与非产盐区妊娠期妇女碘营养状况及甲状腺功能水平分析[J].中国疾病控制杂志,2012,16(8):654-657.
[21]万欢,郭艳巍,毛淑芳.碘盐新标准实施前后育龄妇女碘营养状况分析[J].山东医药,2017,57(20):107-110.