中温时效对022Cr21Ni2Mn5N钢析出行为及冲击韧性的影响
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摘要
采用Thermo-Calc软件对022Cr21Ni2Mn5N双相不锈钢的近平衡态析出相进行了计算分析。采用光学显微镜、透射电镜、物理化学相分析方法对经中温时效处理后试验钢第二相的析出温度、种类、数量和位置进行了观察和研究,并分析了第二相析出行为对钢的冲击韧性的影响机理。结果表明:022Cr21Ni2Mn5N双相不锈钢在600~700℃中温时效时的析出相主要为六方结构的Cr_2N相和面心立方结构的M_(23)C_6相,未见σ相析出。中温时效时,受制于该钢较低的C含量,M_(23)C_6相析出位置仅局限于相界、晶界处。该钢较高的N含量促进钢中Cr_2N相析出,并在相界、晶界和铁素体晶内均有发现。时效初期M_(23)C_6和Cr_2N均具有较高的析出速度,时效时间继续延长析出量增长放缓。时效处理时间和温度直接影响钢的冲击性能:时效初期第二相的快速析出导致钢的冲击功急剧下降;时效足够长时间,第二相析出量达到饱和,钢的冲击功趋于稳定值;并且600℃长时时效时,钢的冲击功值达到最小。
The near equilibrium phases of 022Cr21Ni2Mn5 Nduplex stainless steel were calculated by Thermo-Calc software.The precipitation evolution during aging of the tested steel was investigated by OM,TEM and physicochemical phase analysis,and type,morphology,distribution and precipitation temperature of the second phase were studied.The effect mechanism of precipitation on the impact energy of tested steel was discussed.The results show that Cr_2 N phase in hexagonal structure and M_(23)C_6 phase in face-centred cubic structure are the major phases precipitated in 022Cr21Ni2Mn5 Nduplex stainless steel at 600-700 ℃.However,theσphase is never found.Due to the lower carbon content of tested steel,the M_(23)C_6 and Cr_2N particles precipitate only alongα/γinterfaces and grain boundary of ferrite phase.The Cr_2 N particles precipitate also in ferrite phase grain benefited from the higher nitrogen content.The growth speed of M_(23)C_6 and Cr_2N precipitation is very high during early aging and decreases gradually with the aging holding time increasing.The impact energy of specimens are strongly influenced by the aging temperatures and holding times.The impact energy of specimen decreases sharply during the early aging due to the high coarsening rate of precipitated phases.The amount of precipitations increase and the impact energy falls down with the aging time increasing until to an equilibration value.The impact energy of specimen aging at 600 ℃is confirmed to be the lowest.
The near equilibrium phases of 022Cr21Ni2Mn5 Nduplex stainless steel were calculated by Thermo-Calc software.The precipitation evolution during aging of the tested steel was investigated by OM,TEM and physicochemical phase analysis,and type,morphology,distribution and precipitation temperature of the second phase were studied.The effect mechanism of precipitation on the impact energy of tested steel was discussed.The results show that Cr_2 N phase in hexagonal structure and M_(23)C_6 phase in face-centred cubic structure are the major phases precipitated in 022Cr21Ni2Mn5 Nduplex stainless steel at 600-700 ℃.However,theσphase is never found.Due to the lower carbon content of tested steel,the M_(23)C_6 and Cr_2N particles precipitate only alongα/γinterfaces and grain boundary of ferrite phase.The Cr_2 N particles precipitate also in ferrite phase grain benefited from the higher nitrogen content.The growth speed of M_(23)C_6 and Cr_2N precipitation is very high during early aging and decreases gradually with the aging holding time increasing.The impact energy of specimens are strongly influenced by the aging temperatures and holding times.The impact energy of specimen decreases sharply during the early aging due to the high coarsening rate of precipitated phases.The amount of precipitations increase and the impact energy falls down with the aging time increasing until to an equilibration value.The impact energy of specimen aging at 600 ℃is confirmed to be the lowest.
引文
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[18]宋志刚,陈斌,郑文杰,等.固溶温度对00Cr22Ni5Mo3N钢组织及耐点蚀性能的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,2007,19(6):71.(Song Z G,Chen B,Zheng W J,et al.Effect of solution temperature on microstructure and pitting corrosion-resistant property of 00Cr22Ni5Mo3N[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2007,19(6):71.)
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[2]张国信,李双权.双相不锈钢的性能及其在石化行业的应用[J].石油化工设备技术,2007,28(4):55.(Zhang G X,Li S Q.Performance of duplex stainless steel and its application in petrochemical industry[J].Petro-Chemical Equipment Technology,2007,28(4):55.)
[3]黄嘉琥.压力容器用双相不锈钢[J].压力容器,2015,32(2):1.(Huang J H.Duplex stainless steels for pressure vessel[J].Pressure Vessel Technology,2015,32(2):1.)
[4]丰涵,周晓玉,刘虎,等.特超级双相不锈钢的发展现状及趋势[J].钢铁研究学报,2015,27(4):4.(Feng H,Zhou X Y,Liu H,et al.Development and trend of hyper duplex stainless steels[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2015,27(4):4.)
[5]孙海涛,王建勇.核电站设备制造中双相不锈钢的应用[J].特殊钢,2012,33(2):28.(Sun H T,Wang J Y.Application of duplex stainless steels in manufacture of equipment for nuclear power station[J].Special Steel,2012,33(2):28.)
[6]张文毓,侯世忠.国内外双相不锈钢的应用进展[J].装备机械,2015,3:64.(Zhang W Y,Hou S Z.Application of duplex stainless steels at home and abroad[J].The Magazine on Equipment Machinery,2015,3:64.)
[7]Keshmiri H,Momeni A,Dehghani K,et al.Effect of aging time and temperature on mechanical properties and microstructural evolution of 2205ferritic-austenitic stainless steel[J].Journal of Materials Science and Technology,2009,25(5):597.
[8]Momeni A,Dehghani K.Effect of hot working on secondary phase formation in 2205duplex stainless steel[J].Journal of Materials Science and Technology,2010,26(9):851.
[9]沈国雄,徐见平,吴汉民,等.022Cr25Ni7Mo4N的热穿孔和冷加工工艺[J].钢铁研究学报,2016,28(5):72.(Shen G X,Xu J P,Wu H M,et al.Processes of hot piercing and cold working for 022Cr25Ni7Mo4N[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2016,28(5):72.)
[10]江来珠,张伟,王治宇.经济型双相不锈钢的研发进展[J].钢铁研究学报,2013,25(4):3.(Jiang L Z,Zhang W,Wang Z Y.Research and development of lean duplex stainless steels[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2013,25(4):3.)
[11]李学锋,李正邦,郭海生,等.固溶温度对00Cr21Mn5Ni1N节镍型双相不锈钢组织和性能的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,2007,19(10):45.(Li X F,Li Z B,Guo H S,et al.Influence of solution temperature on structure and properties of Ni-free type dual stainless steel 00Cr21Mn5Ni1N[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2007,19(10):45.)
[12]Breda M,Pellizzari M,Frigo M.σ-Phase in lean duplex stainless steel sheets[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2015,28(3):331.
[13]Maetz J Y,Douillard T,Cazottes S,et al.M23C6carbides and Cr2N nitrides in aged duplex stainless steel:A SEM,TEM and FIB tomography investigation[J].Micron,2016,84:43.
[14]方轶琉,刘振宇,王国栋.等温时效对节约型双相不锈钢2101析出行为的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,2010,22(6):23.(Fang Z L,Liu Z Y,Wang G D.Effect of isothermal aging on precipitation behavior of lean duplex stainless steel 2101[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2010,22(6):23.)
[15]Silva R,Baroni L F S,Silva M B R,et al.Effect of thermal aging at 475℃on the properties of lean duplex stainless steel2101[J].Materials Characterization,2016,114:211.
[16]Zhang W,Jiang L Z,Hu J C,et al.Effect of ageing on precipitation and impact energy of 2101economical duplex stainless steel[J].Materials Characterization,2009,60:51.
[17]朗宇平,吴玖.AvestaPolarit 2101LDX—一种供结构用新的节约型双相不锈钢[J].不锈,2004(1):20.(Lang Y P,Wu J.AvestaPolarit 2101LDX:A new economical duplex stainless steel for structure[J].China Stainless,2004(1):20.)
[18]宋志刚,陈斌,郑文杰,等.固溶温度对00Cr22Ni5Mo3N钢组织及耐点蚀性能的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,2007,19(6):71.(Song Z G,Chen B,Zheng W J,et al.Effect of solution temperature on microstructure and pitting corrosion-resistant property of 00Cr22Ni5Mo3N[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2007,19(6):71.)
[19]余永宁.金属学原理[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2000:300.(Yu Y N.Metallography Principle[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2000:300.)
[20]方俊鑫.固体物理学[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1980:59.(Fang J X.Solid State Physics[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press,1980:59.)