基于草图的产品三维CAD模型概念设计推送方法
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摘要
针对产品广义设计过程不同阶段的需求特点以及加快概念设计向详细设计的转换,提出了一种基于草图的产品三维CAD模型概念设计推送方法。首先,用户根据概念设计需求,利用基于CAD几何造型平台开发的手绘图板绘制三视草图;然后,对手绘三视草图和模型库中CAD模型投影得到的三视投影图提取特征信息,采用2. 5D球面调和描述子来表示草图特征信息;最后,利用Euclidean距离计算通过球面调和变换获得的图形特征向量之间的距离,从而实现模型之间的相似性评价,并在农业机械装备模型库中完成算法的验证。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效帮助用户快速地具象化查询意图,发掘与产品概念设计阶段意图最相符的三维模型,并将相似性设计资源推送给设计人员,进而参考、启发和扩展设计思维,实现产品概念设计的快速响应。
According to the requirements characteristics at different stages of generalized product design process and acceleration of the transformation from conceptual design to detailed design,a method of conceptual design push of 3D CAD model of products based on sketch was proposed. First of all,according to the conceptual design requirements,a three-view sketch was drawn by using a hand drawing board based on CAD geometric modeling platform. Then,feature information was extracted from handdrawn three-view sketch and three-view projection diagram of CAD model projection in model library,and the 2.5D spherical harmonic descriptor was used to represent the sketch feature information. Finally,Euclidean distance was used to calculate the distance of the graph feature vectors obtained by spherical harmonic transformation to realize the similarity evaluation between models and verify the algorithm in the agricultural machinery equipment model database. The experimental results showed that the method can effectively help users visualize the query intention quickly,explore the 3 D model which was most consistent with the intention of product conceptual design stage,and push the similar design resources to designers,so as to reference,inspire and expand the design thinking and realize the rapid response of product conceptual design.
According to the requirements characteristics at different stages of generalized product design process and acceleration of the transformation from conceptual design to detailed design,a method of conceptual design push of 3D CAD model of products based on sketch was proposed. First of all,according to the conceptual design requirements,a three-view sketch was drawn by using a hand drawing board based on CAD geometric modeling platform. Then,feature information was extracted from handdrawn three-view sketch and three-view projection diagram of CAD model projection in model library,and the 2.5D spherical harmonic descriptor was used to represent the sketch feature information. Finally,Euclidean distance was used to calculate the distance of the graph feature vectors obtained by spherical harmonic transformation to realize the similarity evaluation between models and verify the algorithm in the agricultural machinery equipment model database. The experimental results showed that the method can effectively help users visualize the query intention quickly,explore the 3 D model which was most consistent with the intention of product conceptual design stage,and push the similar design resources to designers,so as to reference,inspire and expand the design thinking and realize the rapid response of product conceptual design.
引文
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[23]谢斌,武仲斌,毛恩荣.农业拖拉机关键技术发展现状与展望[J/OL].农业机械学报,2018,49(8):1-17.XIE Bin,WU Zhongbin,MAO Enrong. Development and prospect of key technologies on agricultural tractor[J/OL].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(8):1-17. http:∥www. j-csam. org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract. aspx? file_no=20180801&flag=1. DOI:10. 6041/j. issn. 1000-1298. 2018. 08. 001.(in Chinese)
[2]张开兴,黄瑞,刘贤喜.基于距离-夹角形状分布的三维CAD模型检索算法[J/OL].农业机械学报,2014,45(4):317-320.ZHANG Kaixing,HUANG Rui,LIU Xianxi. 3D CAD model retrieval algorithm based on distance and angle distributions[J/OL].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(4):317-320. http:∥www. j-csam. org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract. aspx? file_no=20140450&flag=1. DOI:10. 6041/j. issn. 1000-1298. 2014. 04. 050.(in Chinese)
[3] STEPHANE D. Robust and efficient Fourier-Mellin transform approximations for gray level image recognition[J]. ComputerVision and Image Understanding,2001,83(1):57-78.
[4] LIN S F,WU C C,HSU C Y,et al. An efficient 3D model retrieval based on principal axes analysis and feature integration[J]. International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence,2011,25(4):583-604.
[5] YUN G E,SHU H Z,LUO L M. A new way of linear registration using the legendre orthogonal moment and application in 2-value image data[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica,2001,29(1):54-56.
[6] NOVOTNI M,KLEIN R. Shape retrieval using 3D Zernike descriptors[J]. Computer-Aided Design,2004,36(11):1047-1062.
[7] LIU A A,SHI Y,NIE W Z,et al. View-based 3D model retrieval via supervised multi-view feature learning[J]. MultimediaTools and Applications,2018,77(3):3229-3243.
[8] KAZHDAN M,FUNKHOUSER T,RUSINKIEWICZ S. Rotation invariant spherical harmonic representation of 3D shapedescriptors[C]∥Proceedings of ACM/Eurographics Symposium on Geometry Processing,2003:167-175.
[9] THOMAS F,PATRICK M,MICHAEL K,et al. A search engine for 3D models[J]. ACM Transactions on Graphics,2003,22(5):172-181.
[10] PU J,LOU K,RAMANI K. A 2D sketch-based user interface for 3D CAD model retrieval[J]. Computer-Aided Design andApplications,2005,2(6):717-725.
[11] LIANG Shuang,SUN Zhengxing. Sketch retrieval and relevance feedback with biased SVM classification[J]. PatternRecognition Letters,2008,29(12):1733-1741.
[12]钱露,樊亚春,周明全,等.基于Leap Motion的三维模型草图检索[J].图学学报,2017,38(2):267-277.QIAN Lu,FAN Yachun,ZHOU Mingquan,et al. Sketch-based three-dimensional model retrieval based on Leap Motion[J].Journal of Graphics,2017,38(2):267-277.(in Chinese)
[13] MICHAEL K,THOMAS F,SZYMON R. Rotation invariant spherical harmonic representation of 3D shape descriptors[C]∥Proceedings of the 2003 Eurographics/ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Geometry Processing,2003:156-164.
[14] Open CASCADE S. A. S. Open CASCADE technology,3D modeling&numerical simulation[EB/OL].(2017-09-11)[2018-06-10]. http:∥www. opencascade. org/.
[15] FUNKHOUSER T,MIN P,KAZHDAN M,et al. A search engine for 3D models[J]. ACM Transactions on Graphics,2003,22(1):83-105.
[16] HEALY D,KOSTELEC P,MOORE S. FFTs for the 2-sphere-improvements and variations[J]. Journal of Fourier Analysisand Applications,2003,9(4):341-385.
[17] JAYANTI S,KALYANARAMAN Y,IYER N,et al. Developing an engineering shape benchmark for CAD models[J].Computer-Aided Design,2006,38(9):939-953.
[18] SHILANE P,MIN P,KAZHDAN M,et al. The princeton shape benchmark[C]∥The Shape Modeling International 2004(SMI'04),2004:167-178.
[19] HUANGFU Z M,ZHANG S S,YAN L H. A method of 3D CAD model retrieval based on spatial bag of words[J].Multimedia Tools and Applications,2017,76(6):8145-8173.
[20]赵秀艳,宋正河,张开兴,等.基于多属性决策的农机专业底盘实例推理方法[J/OL].农业机械学报,2017,48(2):370-377.ZHAO Xiuyan,SONG Zhenghe,ZHANG Kaixing,et al. Evaluation method of agricultural machinery professional chassis'cases based on multiple attributes decision[J/OL]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(2):370-377. http:∥www. j-csam. org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract. aspx? file_no=20170250&flag=1. DOI:10.6041/j. issn. 1000-1298. 2017. 02. 050.(in Chinese)
[21] OSADA R,FUNKHOUSER T,CHAZELLE B,et al. Shape distributions[J]. ACM Transactions on Graphics,2002,21(4):807-832.
[22] KIM H,CHA M,MUN D. Shape distribution-based retrieval of 3D CAD models at different levels of detail[J]. MultimediaTools and Applications,2017,76(24):15867-15884.
[23]谢斌,武仲斌,毛恩荣.农业拖拉机关键技术发展现状与展望[J/OL].农业机械学报,2018,49(8):1-17.XIE Bin,WU Zhongbin,MAO Enrong. Development and prospect of key technologies on agricultural tractor[J/OL].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(8):1-17. http:∥www. j-csam. org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract. aspx? file_no=20180801&flag=1. DOI:10. 6041/j. issn. 1000-1298. 2018. 08. 001.(in Chinese)