基于电流时间序列的光伏故障在线监测系统
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摘要
光伏阵列由于长期工作在恶劣的自然环境中,难免会发生各种故障,有必要对光伏阵列进行故障在线监测。因此本文基于DSP设计了一种在线监测系统,并采用一种基于电流时间序列的光伏阵列故障检测方法。该方法首先定义了一个时间序列滑动窗口(time series sliding window,TSSW),然后计算滑动窗口内每一个点相对应的局部离群因子(local outlier factor,LOF)。一旦出现的连续离群点数超过设定的阈值,就可判断该组串出现故障。实验结果表明,提出的故障检测方法能够对光伏阵列短路、局部阴影和开路故障组串进行检测,同时系统也能够对光伏电站直流侧的电流、电压以及温度和辐照度进行实时监测。
Various faults inevitably occur in photovoltaic(PV) array due to the harsh external working environment. Therefore, detecting the faults and theirs locations is essential for the PV array. Therefore, this paper designed a PV online monitoring system based on DSP and adopted a method for detecting the faults based on time series of PV string current. In the fault detection method, a time series sliding window(TSSW) is adopted. The local outlier factor(LOF) of each current point in the TSSW is calculated. Once a number of LOFs are continuously detected to exceed the threshold value, the PV string can be judged as fault. The experiment results show that the proposed method can detect short circuit fault, open circuit fault and partial shadow fault. And the system can also monitor the current, voltage, irradiance and temperature of PV generation in real time.
Various faults inevitably occur in photovoltaic(PV) array due to the harsh external working environment. Therefore, detecting the faults and theirs locations is essential for the PV array. Therefore, this paper designed a PV online monitoring system based on DSP and adopted a method for detecting the faults based on time series of PV string current. In the fault detection method, a time series sliding window(TSSW) is adopted. The local outlier factor(LOF) of each current point in the TSSW is calculated. Once a number of LOFs are continuously detected to exceed the threshold value, the PV string can be judged as fault. The experiment results show that the proposed method can detect short circuit fault, open circuit fault and partial shadow fault. And the system can also monitor the current, voltage, irradiance and temperature of PV generation in real time.
引文
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[13]卢喆,郑松.局部阴影条件下光伏阵列建模方法研究[J].电气技术,2016,17(9):17-20,29.
[14]丁坤,冯莉,王祥,等.小型光伏系统故障诊断方法研究[J].电网与清洁能源,2015,31(5):74-78.
[2]陈沛华,赵会茹,李娜娜.分布式光伏电源并网影响与应对措施[J].电气技术,2015,16(1):125-127.
[3]徐瑞东,陈昊,胡义华,等.基于高斯过程的光伏阵列故障定位[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(6):249-256.
[4]Tsanakas J A,Ha L,Buerhop C.Faults and infrared thermographic diagnosis in operating c-Si photovoltaic modules:A review of research and future challenges[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2016,62:695-709.
[5]胡义华,邓焰,何湘宁.光伏阵列故障诊断方法综述[J].电力电子技术,2013,47(3):21-23.
[6]Tsanakas J A,Ha L,Buerhop C.Faults and infrared thermographic diagnosis in operating c-Si photovoltaic modules:A review of research and future challenges[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2016,62:695-709.
[7]王培珍,郑诗程.基于红外图像的太阳能光伏阵列故障分析[J].太阳能学报,2010,31(2):197-202.
[8]程泽,李兵峰,刘力,等.一种新型结构的光伏阵列故障检测方法[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2010,24(2):131-136.
[9]Zhao Y,Lehman B,Ball R,et al.Outlier detection rules for fault detection in solar photovoltaic arrays[C]//Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition,2013:2913-2920.
[10]Zhao Ye,Balboni F,Arnaud T,et al.Fault experiments in a Commercial-Scale PV laboratory and fault detection using local outlier factor[C]//2014 IEEE 40th Photovoltaic Specialist Conference(PVSC),2014:3398-3403.
[11]Chen G D,Lin P J,Lai Y F,et al.Fault location for photovoltaic array based on time series change detection in sliding window[C]//Applied Energy Symposium and Forum:Renewable Energy Integration with Mini/Microgrid.Tianjin,China,18-20 OCT,2017.
[12]Zhao Ye,De Palma J F,Mosesian J,et al.Line-Line fault analysis and protection challenges in solar photovoltaic arrays[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2013,60(9):3784-3795.
[13]卢喆,郑松.局部阴影条件下光伏阵列建模方法研究[J].电气技术,2016,17(9):17-20,29.
[14]丁坤,冯莉,王祥,等.小型光伏系统故障诊断方法研究[J].电网与清洁能源,2015,31(5):74-78.