基于GIS平台的石羊河流域地貌演化及构造活动性研究
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摘要
基于ARCGIS 10.2平台,利用GDEM-30 m数据对石羊河流域进行水文分析,提取出了石羊河流域的流域范围,在此基础上通过研究区子流域的划分,把石羊河流域上游的8个子流域作为研究重点进行讨论。通过提取石羊河流域的地貌参数,包括盆地形状指数(BS)、盆地不对称度(AF)以及计算子流域高程—面积积分值(Hi)和水系分支比(Rb),并与前人活动构造研究成果对比。认为,石羊河流域盆地较为规则,且流域构造活动性相对较弱;主流域两侧掀斜程度低,且流域东侧稍弱于西侧;而流域高程—面积积分值从东往西呈逐渐增大的趋势,河流分支比则呈现出与之相反的变化趋势,综合反映了石羊河流域构造活动性不强,并且东部构造活动性弱于西部。
Based on ARCGIS 10. 2 platform,a 30 m GDEM based hydrological data analysis has been done to extract much drainage and sub-basin information and the drainage geomorphic parameters of the Shiyang river. We extracted the range of basin and focused on 8 sub-basin of the upper reaches of Shiyang river as a research to discuss. Afterwards,we studied the shape indexes( Bs),degree of asymmetry( AF),and also calculated the integral value between elevations areas of sub basin and water branching ratios. The results showed that the shape of basin was relatively regular and the activity of tectonic was relatively weak. The tilting degree of main basin was low and eastside was a bit weaker than west. While the changed trend of elevation—area integral values were from increasing to decreasing and then going up again. The branches present an opposite tendency,which reflected that the activity of tectonic east was weaker than west of Shiyang river.
Based on ARCGIS 10. 2 platform,a 30 m GDEM based hydrological data analysis has been done to extract much drainage and sub-basin information and the drainage geomorphic parameters of the Shiyang river. We extracted the range of basin and focused on 8 sub-basin of the upper reaches of Shiyang river as a research to discuss. Afterwards,we studied the shape indexes( Bs),degree of asymmetry( AF),and also calculated the integral value between elevations areas of sub basin and water branching ratios. The results showed that the shape of basin was relatively regular and the activity of tectonic was relatively weak. The tilting degree of main basin was low and eastside was a bit weaker than west. While the changed trend of elevation—area integral values were from increasing to decreasing and then going up again. The branches present an opposite tendency,which reflected that the activity of tectonic east was weaker than west of Shiyang river.
引文
[1]周启鸣,刘学军.数字地形分析[D].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[2]毕华兴,谭秀英,李笑吟.基于DEM的数字地形分析[J].北京林业大学学报,2005,27(2):49-53.
[3]郭超颖,毕华兴,陈涛,等.基于DEM的马莲河流域数字地形分析[J].中国水土保持科学,2008,6(1):101-106.
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[14]Cannon P.J.Generation of explicit parameters for a quantitative geomorphic study of Mil l Creek drainage basin[J].Oklahoma Geology Notes.1976,36(1),3-16.
[15]李利波.基于ASTER-GDEM渭河中上游流域的地貌量化分析及其构造意义[D].北京:中国地质科学院,2012.
[16]Ramírez-Herrera M.T.Geomorphic assessment of active tectonics in the Acambay Graben,Mexican volcanic belt[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms.1998,23:317-332.
[17]Hare P W,Gardner T W.Geomorphic indicators of vertical neotectonism along converging plate margins,Nicoya Peninsula,Costa Rica[C]//Morisawa M,Hack J T.Tectonic Geomor-phology.Proceedings of the 15th Annual Binghamton Geomorphology Symposium,September 1984,Boston,Allen and Unwin,NY,1985,75-104.
[18]常直杨,王建,白世彪等.面积高程积分值计算方法的比较[J].干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(3):171-175.
[19]Pike R.J.,Wilson,S.E.Elevation-relief ratio,hypsometric integral and geomorphic area-altitude analysis.Geological Society of America Bulletin[J].1971,82,1 079-1 084.
[20]王林,何仲太,马保起.岱海流域地貌演化及其对断裂活动性的指示意义[J].第四纪研究,2008,28(2):310-318.
[21]Mccullagh P.Modern Concepts in Geomorphology[M].London:Oxford University Press,1978:1-128.
[22]李利波,徐刚,胡健民等.基于DEM的活动构造研究[J].中国地质,2012,39(3):595-604.
[2]毕华兴,谭秀英,李笑吟.基于DEM的数字地形分析[J].北京林业大学学报,2005,27(2):49-53.
[3]郭超颖,毕华兴,陈涛,等.基于DEM的马莲河流域数字地形分析[J].中国水土保持科学,2008,6(1):101-106.
[4]张会平,杨农,刘少锋,等.数字高程模型(DEM)在构造地貌研究中的应用新进展[J]地质通报,2006,25(6):660-669.
[5]张会平,杨农,张岳桥,等.岷江水系流域地貌特征及其构造指示意义[J].第四纪研究,2006,26(1):126-135.
[6]Summerfield M A.Geomorphology and Global Tectonics[M].London:John Wiley&Sons,L td.Press,1999.
[7]Szekely B.On the surface of the Eastern Alps—a DEM study[M].Germany:University Tub-ingen Press,2001:1-157.
[8]MOORE I D,GRAYSON R B,LANDSON A R.Digital terrain modeling:a review of hydrological,geomorphological and biological applications[J].Hydrological Processes,1991,5:3-30.
[9]汤国安,杨昕.ARCGIS地理信息系统空间分析实验教程[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[10]郑文涛,杨景春,段峰军.武威盆地晚更新世河流阶地变形和新构造活动[J].地震地质,2000,22(3):318-328.
[11]侯康明,袁道阳,李绍业.武威—天祝—庄浪河NNW向断裂分段及变形特征[J].地壳形变与地震,1999,19(3):55-63.
[12]Burbank D W,Anderson R S.Tectonic Geomorphology[M].Massachusetts:Blackwell Science,2002:1-274.
[13]Singh Vimal,Tandon S K.The Pinjaur dun(intermontane longitudinal valley)and associated active mountain fronts,NW Himalaya:Tectonic geomorphology and morphotectonic evolution[J].Geomorphology,2008,102(3/4):376-394.
[14]Cannon P.J.Generation of explicit parameters for a quantitative geomorphic study of Mil l Creek drainage basin[J].Oklahoma Geology Notes.1976,36(1),3-16.
[15]李利波.基于ASTER-GDEM渭河中上游流域的地貌量化分析及其构造意义[D].北京:中国地质科学院,2012.
[16]Ramírez-Herrera M.T.Geomorphic assessment of active tectonics in the Acambay Graben,Mexican volcanic belt[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms.1998,23:317-332.
[17]Hare P W,Gardner T W.Geomorphic indicators of vertical neotectonism along converging plate margins,Nicoya Peninsula,Costa Rica[C]//Morisawa M,Hack J T.Tectonic Geomor-phology.Proceedings of the 15th Annual Binghamton Geomorphology Symposium,September 1984,Boston,Allen and Unwin,NY,1985,75-104.
[18]常直杨,王建,白世彪等.面积高程积分值计算方法的比较[J].干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(3):171-175.
[19]Pike R.J.,Wilson,S.E.Elevation-relief ratio,hypsometric integral and geomorphic area-altitude analysis.Geological Society of America Bulletin[J].1971,82,1 079-1 084.
[20]王林,何仲太,马保起.岱海流域地貌演化及其对断裂活动性的指示意义[J].第四纪研究,2008,28(2):310-318.
[21]Mccullagh P.Modern Concepts in Geomorphology[M].London:Oxford University Press,1978:1-128.
[22]李利波,徐刚,胡健民等.基于DEM的活动构造研究[J].中国地质,2012,39(3):595-604.