波动高温对棕榈蓟马后代种群的影响
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摘要
[目的]研究长时波动高温处理棕榈蓟马对其后代种群的影响。[方法]以25℃恒温饲养的种群为对照,将棕榈蓟马(Thrips palmi Karny)预蛹(3龄若虫)于波动高温下处理至1龄若虫产生,将1龄若虫单头饲养在25℃恒温条件下,观察记录其生长发育和繁殖情况并构建特定年龄生命表。[结果]长时波动高温处理对棕榈蓟马后代的卵期、1龄若虫期、蛹期、未成熟期、雌虫寿命、产卵前期、内禀增长率以及繁殖力等均有显著影响(P<0.05),而对2龄若虫历期、3龄若虫历期和周限增长率影响不显著(P>0.05)。高温处理显著缩短了棕榈蓟马的未成熟期,延长了雌虫寿命,但种群的繁殖力下降,单雌产卵量(18.46粒)较对照(93.35粒)显著下降。[结论]长时波动高温处理对棕榈蓟马后代的生长发育和繁殖有显著影响。
[Objective]To clarify the effects of fluctuant high temperature stress on the offsprings of Thrips palmi Karny.[Method] Compared two populations which one raised at 25 ℃ temperature all the time and another raised at high temperature fluctuations,the development duration and reproduction were recorded respectively.The prepupa of T.palmi(3 instar nymph) has been dealing with fluctuating high temperature until first instar nymph was hatched,then one first instar nymph was transferred to raise in 1.5 mL tube at 25 ℃ constant temperature,a total 100 tubes were raised.The growth,development and reproduction were observed and the age-specific life table was constructed.[Result]Long time wave high temperature treatment had significant effects on the ovulation,pupal,immature,female longevity,adult pre-oviposition period,intrinsic rate of increase and fertility of the offspring of T.palmi(P<0.05).However,there was no significant effect on the growth rate of 2 nd instar,3 rd instar and week limit(P>0.05).Continuous fluctuant high temperature stress shortened the immature stage(13.8 d),extended the lifespan of the female,and reduced the fecundity of T.palmi significantly.The number of female oviposition(18.46 eggs) decreased significantly compared with the control(93.35 eggs).[Conclusion] The long time wave high temperature treatment had obvious effects on population dynamics of the offspring of T.palmi.
[Objective]To clarify the effects of fluctuant high temperature stress on the offsprings of Thrips palmi Karny.[Method] Compared two populations which one raised at 25 ℃ temperature all the time and another raised at high temperature fluctuations,the development duration and reproduction were recorded respectively.The prepupa of T.palmi(3 instar nymph) has been dealing with fluctuating high temperature until first instar nymph was hatched,then one first instar nymph was transferred to raise in 1.5 mL tube at 25 ℃ constant temperature,a total 100 tubes were raised.The growth,development and reproduction were observed and the age-specific life table was constructed.[Result]Long time wave high temperature treatment had significant effects on the ovulation,pupal,immature,female longevity,adult pre-oviposition period,intrinsic rate of increase and fertility of the offspring of T.palmi(P<0.05).However,there was no significant effect on the growth rate of 2 nd instar,3 rd instar and week limit(P>0.05).Continuous fluctuant high temperature stress shortened the immature stage(13.8 d),extended the lifespan of the female,and reduced the fecundity of T.palmi significantly.The number of female oviposition(18.46 eggs) decreased significantly compared with the control(93.35 eggs).[Conclusion] The long time wave high temperature treatment had obvious effects on population dynamics of the offspring of T.palmi.
引文
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[13] 张彬,陈露,万方浩,等.高温处理西花蓟马若虫对其雌成虫寿命、繁殖力及后代发育的影响[J].植物保护,2016,42(1):87-92.
[14] CHI H,LIU H.Two new methods for the study of insect population ecology[J].Bulletin of insect zoology,academia sinica,1985,24(2):225-240.
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[16] 杨丽红,黄海,王进军.高温胁迫对柑橘全爪螨存活及生殖的影响[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(4):693-701.
[17] 朱绍光,李照会,万方浩.短时高温暴露对Q型烟粉虱存活和生殖适应性的影响[J].昆虫知识,2010,47(6):1141-1144.
[18] 马亚斌,孙丽娟,李洪刚,等.高温对西花蓟马卵巢发育及卵黄蛋白含量的影响[J].昆虫学报,2016,59(2):127-137.
[19] 李定旭,雷喜红,徐艳彩,等.短时高温对桃小食心虫生长发育与繁殖的影响[J].昆虫学报,2014,57(2):218-225.
[20] 汪建超,郑长英.43 ℃高温对不同生殖方式下西花蓟马繁殖力的影响[J].青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版),2014,31(3):191-195.
[2] 赵钢.蔬菜棕榈蓟马灾变规律及监控技术研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2003:42 -45.
[3] 何成兴,郭志祥,浦恩堂,等.蔬菜棕榈蓟马种群动态及其防治技术研究[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2008,30(S1):116-119.
[4] 房巨才.山东单县发生棕榈蓟马[J].植保技术与推广,1997(3):42-43.
[5] 秦玉洁,梁广文,吴伟坚.节瓜蓟马的发生危害和防治策略[J].植物保护,2002,28(4):21-22.
[6] 张乃芹,于凌春,王明友.十字花科蔬菜棕榈蓟马发生动态及综合防治[J].北方园艺,2013(1):144-146.
[7] 陈丽芳,邵东华,段景攀,等.温度对昆虫的影响[J].内蒙古林业科技,2015,41(2):57-61.
[8] 史彩华,胡静荣,张友军.高温对昆虫生殖生理的影响及其在农业害虫防治中的展望[J].中国植保导刊,2017,37(3):24-32.
[9] ROGERS D J,RANDOLPH S E.The global spread of malaria in a future,warmer world[J].Science,2000,289(5485):1763-1766.
[10] FLEURAT-LESSARD F,LE TORC’H J M.Control of insects in post-harvest:High temperature and inert atmospheres[M]//VINCENT C,PANNETON B,FLEURAT-LESSARD.Physical control methods in plant protection.Heidelberg,Allemagne:Springer-Verlag,2001.
[11] FLEURAT-LESSARD F,DUPUIS S A.Comparative analysis of upper thermal tolerance and CO2 producyion rate during heat shock in two different European strains of Sitophilus zeamais(Coleoptera:Curculionidae)[J].Journal of stored products reswarch,2010,46(1):20-27.
[12] 姜姗,李帅,张彬,等.极端高温对西花蓟马存活、繁殖特性及体内海藻糖、山梨醇含量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(12):2310-2321.
[13] 张彬,陈露,万方浩,等.高温处理西花蓟马若虫对其雌成虫寿命、繁殖力及后代发育的影响[J].植物保护,2016,42(1):87-92.
[14] CHI H,LIU H.Two new methods for the study of insect population ecology[J].Bulletin of insect zoology,academia sinica,1985,24(2):225-240.
[15] CHI H.Life-table analysis incorporating both sexes and variable development rates among individuals[J].Environmental entomology,1988,17(1):26-34.
[16] 杨丽红,黄海,王进军.高温胁迫对柑橘全爪螨存活及生殖的影响[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(4):693-701.
[17] 朱绍光,李照会,万方浩.短时高温暴露对Q型烟粉虱存活和生殖适应性的影响[J].昆虫知识,2010,47(6):1141-1144.
[18] 马亚斌,孙丽娟,李洪刚,等.高温对西花蓟马卵巢发育及卵黄蛋白含量的影响[J].昆虫学报,2016,59(2):127-137.
[19] 李定旭,雷喜红,徐艳彩,等.短时高温对桃小食心虫生长发育与繁殖的影响[J].昆虫学报,2014,57(2):218-225.
[20] 汪建超,郑长英.43 ℃高温对不同生殖方式下西花蓟马繁殖力的影响[J].青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版),2014,31(3):191-195.