河南省人工防雹作业指挥系统研发及应用
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摘要
利用河南省历史气象资料,结合先进的防雹理论与技术,系统分析和总结了河南省冰雹过程的天气尺度与中尺度概念模型,并根据三维冰雹云数值模式及雷达探测、闪电定位、卫星、自动站数据,研发出河南省人工防雹作业指挥系统。该系统包括天气形势分析子系统和作业决策指挥子系统。天气形势分析子系统可根据大尺度形势背景、中尺度系统特征及三维冰雹云数值模式和卫星、闪电、自动站资料,对可能降雹区进行预测。作业决策指挥子系统通过对雷达数据产品的二次开发,完成雷达资料处理、产品生成及风暴自动识别、分类、预警,并根据参数的变化和雹云的移动方向,对下游作业区进行预警及输出作业方案。整个系统基于VS2005开发平台,使用c++开发语言,利用图层分层管理将地理信息、雷达实时观测资料、雷达二次产品、高空资料、火箭和高炮作业点等信息分层显示。系统自动化程度高,操作简便,为河南省冰雹天气预报预警提供了可参考的技术指标体系。
Based on the history meteorological data in Henan and the advanced hail-suppression theory technology, weather scale and meso-scale conception model of hail process is summarized and analyzed. Henan province command system of artificial hail suppression operation is established by data of 3-D numerical model, radar detection, lightning location, satellite and automatic station. The system includes weather situation analysis subsystem and decision-making and command subsystem. According to large scale situation background, meso-scale system characteristics, 3-D numerical model, satellite, lightning and automatic station data, weather situation analysis subsystem could predict the possible hail fall zone. The decision-making and command subsystem could complete the radar data processing, product generation, storm automatic identification, classification, warning through secondary development of radar product, and could provide early warning and output operational scheme for the downstream operation area according to the parameters variation and movement of the hail clouds. The system use VS2005 as the development platform, c++ as the development language. The system could hierarchical display geographic information, radar real-time observation data, radar secondary development product, altitude sounding data, the operation point of rocket and antiaircraft by graphical layer classifying management. It is highly automatic and easy to use, could provide reference for forecast and early warning of hail weather in Henan province.
Based on the history meteorological data in Henan and the advanced hail-suppression theory technology, weather scale and meso-scale conception model of hail process is summarized and analyzed. Henan province command system of artificial hail suppression operation is established by data of 3-D numerical model, radar detection, lightning location, satellite and automatic station. The system includes weather situation analysis subsystem and decision-making and command subsystem. According to large scale situation background, meso-scale system characteristics, 3-D numerical model, satellite, lightning and automatic station data, weather situation analysis subsystem could predict the possible hail fall zone. The decision-making and command subsystem could complete the radar data processing, product generation, storm automatic identification, classification, warning through secondary development of radar product, and could provide early warning and output operational scheme for the downstream operation area according to the parameters variation and movement of the hail clouds. The system use VS2005 as the development platform, c++ as the development language. The system could hierarchical display geographic information, radar real-time observation data, radar secondary development product, altitude sounding data, the operation point of rocket and antiaircraft by graphical layer classifying management. It is highly automatic and easy to use, could provide reference for forecast and early warning of hail weather in Henan province.
引文
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[19]牛淑贞,张一平,席世平,等.基于加密探测资料解析2009年6月3日商丘强飑线形成机制[J].暴雨灾害,2012,31(3):255-263.
[20]王以琳,黄磊.地市级人工影响天气业务技术系统[J].气象科技,2007,35(4):69-77.
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[22]李红斌,何玉科.多普勒雷达特征参数在人工防雹决策中的应用[J].气象, 2010,36(10):84-90.
[23]牛淑贞,鲍向东,乔春贵,等.强对流风暴新一代雷达产品特征分析[J].气象,2008,34(7):92-100.
[24]牛淑贞,鲍向东,张一平,等.河南省春季一次人工增雨作业效果分析[J].气象与环境科学,2007,30(4):24-29.
[25]牛淑贞,张宇星,吕林宜.一次冷涡后部横槽型局地强对流天气过程分析[J].气象与环境科学,2013,36(2):1-9.
[26]丁建芳,杨敏,刘磊.河南省冰雹短期预报方法研究[J].气象与环境科学,2017,40(1):47-53.
[2]段英,许焕斌.爆炸防雹中的云微物理机制的探讨[J].气象学报,2001,59(3):91-98.
[3]洪延超.三维冰雹云催化数值模式[J].气象学报,1998,56(6):641-653.
[4]郭学良,黄美元,洪延超,等.三维冰雹分档强对流云数值模式研究[J].大气科学,2001,25(5):707-720.
[5]郭学良,黄美元,洪延超,等.三维冰雹分档强对流云数值模式研究[J].大气科学,2001,25(6):856-864.
[6]丁建芳,杜春丽,鲍向东,等.一次冰雹云过程及其冰雹形成机制的模拟研究[J].气象与环境科学,2014,37(2):49-57.
[7]叶爱芳,伍志芳,程元慧,等.一次春季冰雹天气过程分析[J].气象科技,2006,34(5):583-586.
[8]王福侠,张守保,裴宇杰,等.可能降雹多普勒雷达产品特征指标分析[J].气象科技,2008,36(2):228-232.
[9]张一平,吴蓁,苏爱芳,等.基于流型识别和物理量要素分析河南强对流天气特征[J].高原气象,2013,32(5):1492-1502.
[10]周毓荃,陈宝君,肖辉,等.播撒碘化银实施雹云催化的数值试验—个例研究[J].大气科学,2003,27(1):8-22.
[11]牛淑贞,范学峰,吕晓娜,等.河南省强雷暴地闪活动与雷达回波的关系探析[J].气象,2010,36(2):54-61.
[12]何文英,陈洪滨.TRMM卫星对一次冰雹降水过程的观测分析研究[J].气象学报,2006,64(3):364-376.
[13]廖向花,廖代秀,李轲.重庆百宝气候特征及人工防雹对策[J].气象科技,2010,38(5):620-624.
[14]马鸿青,于雷,司丽丽,等.保定地区冰雹的气候及物理量参数特征[J].干旱气象,2014,32(4):616-621.
[15]郭艳,应冬梅,刘冬梅.江西“4.12”降雹过程的多普勒雷达资料分析[J].气象,2007,31(11):47-51.
[16]王若升,张彤,樊晓春,等.甘肃平凉地区冰雹天气的气候特征和雷达回波分析[J].干旱气象,2013,31(2):373-377.
[17]刘治国,陶健红,杨建才,等.冰雹云和雷雨云单体VIL演变特征对比分析[J].高原气象,2008,27(6):1363-1374.
[18]任轶,沈新勇,张云平.豫西一次强对流天气过程的诊断分析[J].气象与环境科学,2011,34(1):67-72.
[19]牛淑贞,张一平,席世平,等.基于加密探测资料解析2009年6月3日商丘强飑线形成机制[J].暴雨灾害,2012,31(3):255-263.
[20]王以琳,黄磊.地市级人工影响天气业务技术系统[J].气象科技,2007,35(4):69-77.
[21]张存, 周毓荃.人工影响天气优化技术研究[M].北京:气象出版社,2000:241-251.
[22]李红斌,何玉科.多普勒雷达特征参数在人工防雹决策中的应用[J].气象, 2010,36(10):84-90.
[23]牛淑贞,鲍向东,乔春贵,等.强对流风暴新一代雷达产品特征分析[J].气象,2008,34(7):92-100.
[24]牛淑贞,鲍向东,张一平,等.河南省春季一次人工增雨作业效果分析[J].气象与环境科学,2007,30(4):24-29.
[25]牛淑贞,张宇星,吕林宜.一次冷涡后部横槽型局地强对流天气过程分析[J].气象与环境科学,2013,36(2):1-9.
[26]丁建芳,杨敏,刘磊.河南省冰雹短期预报方法研究[J].气象与环境科学,2017,40(1):47-53.