青藏高原高寒荒漠地带与寒冷干旱核心区域
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摘要
青藏高原高寒荒漠地带位于高原主体西北部地势最高的部分。该区域气候极其寒冷干燥,属于高原亚寒带,高山高原地貌多被横向断陷盆地所切割;多年冻土发育,冰缘作用普遍;自然过程年青,高山寒漠土壤浅薄;生物区系成分交错,高寒荒漠景观突出;生态环境脆弱,需加大自然保护建设与管理。高寒荒漠地带腹地为寒冷干旱核心区域,是全球高原高山区域,具有独特地位的地生态格局。
The high cold desert zone,located on the northwestern region,is the highest part of the Tibetan Plateau. This region with extremely cold and arid climate belongs to plateau subcold zone,which is characterized with high mountains and plateau landforms tranversed by lake basins,widespread permafrost and periglacial process,young natural process with shallow cold desert soil,and landscape of high-cold desert with interfused composition of biota. Due to the vulnerable eco-environment,construction and administration of natural conservation should be strengthened in this region. The cold-arid core,existed in the hinterland of high cold desert zone,is a unique geoeco feature in the plateau and alpine region on the Earth.
The high cold desert zone,located on the northwestern region,is the highest part of the Tibetan Plateau. This region with extremely cold and arid climate belongs to plateau subcold zone,which is characterized with high mountains and plateau landforms tranversed by lake basins,widespread permafrost and periglacial process,young natural process with shallow cold desert soil,and landscape of high-cold desert with interfused composition of biota. Due to the vulnerable eco-environment,construction and administration of natural conservation should be strengthened in this region. The cold-arid core,existed in the hinterland of high cold desert zone,is a unique geoeco feature in the plateau and alpine region on the Earth.
引文
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[16]郑度.青藏高原的形成演化[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1996:262-323.[Zheng Du.Formation and Evolution of QinghaiXizang Plateau[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press,1996:262-323.]
[17]郑度.青藏高原形成演化与发展[M].广州:广东科技出版社,1998:280-295.[Zheng Du.Formation,Evolution and Development of Qinghai-Xizang(Tibetan)Plateau[M].Guangzhou:Guangdong Science&Technology Press,1998:280-295.]
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[19]Wissmann H v.Stufen and cürtel der vegetation und des klimas in hochasien und seinen randgebieten[J].Erdkunde,1960/1961,XIV:249-272,XV:19-44.
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[2]郑度.青藏高原自然地域系统研究[J].中国科学(D辑),1996,26(4):336-341.[Zheng Du.The system of physico geographical regions of Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet)Plateau[J].Science in China(Series D),1996,26(4):336-341.]
[3]郑度.喀喇昆仑山-昆仑山地区自然地理[M].北京:科学出版社,1999:153-190.[Zheng Du.Physic-Geography of the Karakorum-Kunlun Mountains[M].Beijing:Science Press,1999:153-190.]
[4]张青松,李炳元.喀喇昆仑山-昆仑山地区晚新生代环境变化[M].北京:科学出版社,1999:1-243.[Zhang Qingsong,Li Bingyuan.Environmental Changes of Karakorum-Kunlun Mountains in Late Cenzoic Era[M].Beijing:Science Press,1999:1-243.]
[5]Zhang Qingsong,Li Bingyuan,Wang Fubao.The uplift of Karakorum-Kunlun Mountains and its impacts on environmental changes[J].The Journal of Chinese Geography,1991,2(1):16-28.
[6]张青松,陶君容,黄赐璇,等.中昆仑山晚新生代植物化石的发现[J].科学通报,1990,35(1):51-53.[Zhang Qingson,Tao Junrong,Huang Cixuan,et al.Discovery of fossil plants of late Cenozoic Era in middle Kunlun Mountains[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1990,35(1):51-53.]
[7]李炳元,张青松,王富葆.喀喇昆仑山-西昆仑山地区的湖泊演化[J].第四纪研究,1991,1(1):64-71.[Li Bingyuan,Zhang Qingsong,Wang Fubao.Evolution of the lakes in the Karakorum-west Kunlun Mountains[J].Quaternary Science,1991,1(1):64-71.]
[8]苏珍.喀喇昆仑山-昆仑山地区冰川与环境[M].北京:科学出版社,1998:1-215.[Su Zhen.Glaciers and Environment of the Karakorum-Kunlun Mountains[M].Beijing:Science Press,1998:1-215.]
[9]武素功,冯祚建.青藏高原生物资源的特点及其开发利用与保护[C]//中国青藏高原研会第一届学术讨论会论文选.北京:科学出版社,1992:163-169.[Wu Sugong,Feng Zuojian.The general characteristics conservation and utilization of biological resources in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[C]//CSTP.Proceedings of the First Symposium on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.Beijing:Science Press,1992:163-169.]
[10]郑度,杨勤业,吴绍洪.中国自然地理总论[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:693-767.[Zheng Du,Yang Qinye,Wu Shaohong.Physical Geography of China-General Survey[M].Beijing:Science Press,2015:693-767.]
[11]郑度,张百平.喀喇昆仑山-西昆仑山地区的垂直自然带、环境和自然保护问题[J].自然资源学报,1989,4(3):254-266.[Zheng Du,Zhang Baiping.A study on the altitudinal belts and environmental problems of the Karakorum and West Kunlun Mountains[J].Journal of Natural Resources,1989,4(3):254-266.]
[12]郑度,李炳元.青藏高原自然环境的演化与分异[J].地理研究,1990,9(2):1-10.[Zheng Du,Li Bingyuan.Evolution and differentation of the physic-geographical environgment of QinghaiXizang plateau[J].Geographical Research,1990,9(2):1-10.]
[13]Lin Zhenyao,Chen Xiaolin.Proceedings of International Symposium on the Karakorum and Kunlun Mountains[M].Beijing:China Meteorological Press,1994:319-327.
[14]Zheng Du.A preliminary study of geoecological problems on the Kunlun Mountains[J].Chinese Journal of Arid Land Research,1991,4(1):49-58.
[15]Zheng Du.A Study on geoecological problems in the Karakorum and Kunlun mountains areas[C]//Proceedings of International Symposium on the Karakorum and Kunlun Mountains.Beijing:China Meteorological Press,1994:368-376.
[16]郑度.青藏高原的形成演化[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1996:262-323.[Zheng Du.Formation and Evolution of QinghaiXizang Plateau[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press,1996:262-323.]
[17]郑度.青藏高原形成演化与发展[M].广州:广东科技出版社,1998:280-295.[Zheng Du.Formation,Evolution and Development of Qinghai-Xizang(Tibetan)Plateau[M].Guangzhou:Guangdong Science&Technology Press,1998:280-295.]
[18]Zheng Du,Zhang Qingsong,Wu Shaohong.Mountain Geoecology and Sustainable Development of the Tibetan Plateau[M].Dordrecht/Boston/London:Kluwer Academic Publishers,2000:47-69.]
[19]Wissmann H v.Stufen and cürtel der vegetation und des klimas in hochasien und seinen randgebieten[J].Erdkunde,1960/1961,XIV:249-272,XV:19-44.
[20]Troll C.Landschaftsokologie der Hochgebirge Eurasiens.Erdwiss[M].Wiesbaden:Forschg,1972:237-243.]