水分胁迫对甘蔗根系及地上部生长的影响
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摘要
以ROC22和云蔗05–51为试验材料,在防雨棚内进行土柱栽培试验,以田间持水量的85%为对照,研究轻度干旱胁迫(田间持水量的70%)和重度干旱胁迫(田间持水量的50%)对甘蔗根系生长及产量、株高的影响。结果表明:甘蔗产量与根总长、根总表面积、根总体积、根鲜质量、根干质量呈极显著正相关;与对照相比,干旱胁迫下的株高和产量均降低,轻度干旱胁迫下甘蔗的根总长、根系总表面积和总体积均高于对照;重度干旱胁迫处理,ROC22的根系较发达,根总长、根系总表面积、总体积和抗旱系数均高于云蔗05–51。
Two sugarcane cultivars, ROC22 and YZ05-51, were grown in a pot trial that were conducted in greenhouse. Their roots distribution, cane yield and plant height under three water stress condition, moderate stress: 70% of field capacity; severe stress: 50% of field capacity; check: 85% of field capacity, were investigated. The results indicated that the yield had a significant positive correlation with root length, total root volume, root surface area, root fresh weight, and root dry weight. Plant height and cane yield of two cultivars in water stressed treatment were lower than the check treatment, however, their total root length, root surface area and total root volume in moderate stress treatment were much higher than the check treatment. In the most water stress treatment, the total root length, root surface area, total root volume and drought resistance index of ROC22 were much higher than that of YZ05-51, and the roots of ROC22 distributed more thanYZ05-51 at the soil layer.
Two sugarcane cultivars, ROC22 and YZ05-51, were grown in a pot trial that were conducted in greenhouse. Their roots distribution, cane yield and plant height under three water stress condition, moderate stress: 70% of field capacity; severe stress: 50% of field capacity; check: 85% of field capacity, were investigated. The results indicated that the yield had a significant positive correlation with root length, total root volume, root surface area, root fresh weight, and root dry weight. Plant height and cane yield of two cultivars in water stressed treatment were lower than the check treatment, however, their total root length, root surface area and total root volume in moderate stress treatment were much higher than the check treatment. In the most water stress treatment, the total root length, root surface area, total root volume and drought resistance index of ROC22 were much higher than that of YZ05-51, and the roots of ROC22 distributed more thanYZ05-51 at the soil layer.
引文
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[13]赵丽萍,刘家勇,赵培方,等.营养液pH对甘蔗实生苗生长的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2014,40(2):122-126.
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[30]李文娆,张岁岐,丁圣彦,等.干旱胁迫下紫花苜蓿根系形态变化及与水分利用的关系[J].生态学报,2010,30(19):5140-5150.
[31]吴敏,张文辉,周建云,等.干旱胁迫对栓皮栎幼苗细根的生长与生理生化指标的影响[J].生态学报,2014,34(15):4223-4233.
[32]马富举,李丹丹,蔡剑,等.干旱胁迫对小麦幼苗根系生长和叶片光合作用的影响[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(3):724-730.
[2]金不换,陈雅君,吴艳华,等.早熟禾不同品种根系分布及生物量分配对干旱胁迫的响应[J].草地学报,2009,17(6):813-816.
[3]汪强,樊小林,KLAUS D,等.不同水分条件下水稻根系生长与产量变化关系研究[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(11):106-111.
[4]DE DORLODOT S,FORSTER B,PAGèS L,et al.Root system architecture:opportunities and constraints for genetic improvement of crops[J].Trends Plant Sci,2007,12(10):474-481.
[5]任永哲,徐艳花,丁锦平,等.非生物因素调控植物根系发育可塑性的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(9):34-38.
[6]杨再强,邱译萱,刘朝霞,等.土壤水分胁迫对设施番茄根系及地上部生长的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(3):748-757.
[7]SURALTA R R,KANO-NAKATA M,NIONES J M,et al.Root plasticity for maintenance of productivity under abiotic stressed soil environments in rice:progress and prospects[J].Field Crops Research,2018,220:57-66.
[8]CHOPART J L,AZEVEDO M C B,LE MéZO L,et al.Functional relationship between sugarcane root biomass and length for cropping system applications[J].Sugar Tech,2010,12(3/4):317-321.
[9]LI Y P,WANG Y Q,MA C,et al.Influence of the spatial layout of plant roots on slope stability[J].Ecological Engineering,2016,91:477-486.
[10]LACLAU P B,LACLAU J P.Growth of the whole root system for a plant crop of sugarcane under rainfed and irrigated environments in Brazil[J].Field Crops Research,2009,114(3):351-360.
[11]罗海斌.甘蔗苗期根系抗旱生理及相关基因研究[D].桂林:广西师范大学,2012.
[12]赵丽萍,刘家勇,覃伟,等.甘蔗实生苗根系性状的遗传分析[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2014,40(5):470-475.
[13]赵丽萍,刘家勇,赵培方,等.营养液pH对甘蔗实生苗生长的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2014,40(2):122-126.
[14]ZHAO P F,XIA H M,YANG K,et al.Sugarcane yield components and sugar content in ROC22 progeny populations[J].International Sugar Journal,2016,118:134-141.
[15]ZHAO P F,LIU J Y,YANG K,et al.Registration of‘YZ05-51’sugarcane[J].Journal of Plant Registrations,2015,9(2):172-178.
[16]ZHAO C X,DENG X P,SHAN L,et al.Changes in root hydraulic conductivity during wheat evolution[J].Journal of Integrative Plant Biology,2005,47(3):302-310.
[17]CONERS H,LEUSCHNER C.In situ measurement of fine root water absorption in three temperate tree species:temporal variability and control by soil and atmospheric factors[J].Basic and Applied Ecology,2005,6(4):395-405.
[18]董桂春,王余龙,王坚刚,等.不同类型水稻品种间根系性状的差异[J].作物学报,2002,28(6):749-755.
[19]李德顺,刘芳,马永光.玉米根系与抗旱性关系研究[J].杂粮作物,2010,30(3):195-197.
[20]马廷臣,余蓉蓉,陈荣军,等.PEG-6000模拟干旱对水稻幼苗期根系的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(6):1206-1211.
[21]DE SILVA A L C,DE COSTA W A J M,BANDARA DM U S.Growth of root system and the patterns of soil moisture utilization in sugarcane under rain-fed and irrigated conditions in sri lanka[J].Sugar Tech,2011,13(3):198-205.
[22]厉广辉,万勇善,刘风珍,等.不同抗旱性花生品种根系形态及生理特性[J].作物学报,2014,40(3):531-541.
[23]赵丽萍,刘家勇,昝逢刚,等.磷素对不同基因型甘蔗生长的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2015,41(6):590-594.
[24]郭数进,杨凯敏,霍瑾,等.干旱胁迫对大豆鼓粒期叶片光合能力和根系生长的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(5):1419-1425.
[25]SMUCKER A J M,AIKEN R M.Dynamic root responses to water deficits[J].Soil Science,1992,154(4):281-289.
[26]孙彩霞,沈秀瑛.玉米根系生态型及生理活性与抗旱性关系的研究[J].华北农学报,2002,17(3):20-24.
[27]齐伟,张吉旺,王空军,等.干旱胁迫对不同耐旱性玉米杂交种产量和根系生理特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(1):48-52.
[28]OGBONNAYA C I,NWALOZIE M C,ROY-MACAULEY H,et al.Growth and water relations of Kenaf(Hibiscus cannabinus L.)under water deficit on a sandy soil[J].Industrial Crops and Products,1998,8(1):65-76.
[29]单长卷,梁宗锁.土壤干旱对冬小麦幼苗根系生长及生理特性的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2007,15(5):38-41.
[30]李文娆,张岁岐,丁圣彦,等.干旱胁迫下紫花苜蓿根系形态变化及与水分利用的关系[J].生态学报,2010,30(19):5140-5150.
[31]吴敏,张文辉,周建云,等.干旱胁迫对栓皮栎幼苗细根的生长与生理生化指标的影响[J].生态学报,2014,34(15):4223-4233.
[32]马富举,李丹丹,蔡剑,等.干旱胁迫对小麦幼苗根系生长和叶片光合作用的影响[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(3):724-730.