地方高校大学生创业成功标准的“四维度”研究——以赣州市创业大学生为例
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摘要
创业是新时代背景下地方高校大学生都必须思考的问题。以赣州市大学生为研究对象,考虑大学生群体创业的特点,融入创业竞赛因素,通过构建江西省大学生创业成功标准的评价体系,分析经济收入、创业大学生自我评价、社会认可度和创业竞赛获奖四个维度在衡量大学生创业成功方面的作用,然后采用线下和线上相结合的调研方式设计调查问卷,进行数据统计以及分析;并访谈有关辅导大学生创业的高校教师、正在创业和准备创业的大学生,总结他们的看法与经验,综合得出评价大学生创业成功标准的四个维度,构建出大学生创业成功的标准评价体系,为大学生创业者及相关创业教育管理部门提供参考。
Entrepreneurship is a problem worthy of local college students' careful consideration in the new era.Taking the college students in Ganzhou as the research object,considering the characteristics of college students' group entrepreneurship,including factors of entrepreneurship competition,establishing the evaluation system of the success criteria for college students' entrepreneurship in Jiangxi Province,this paper tries to analyze the role of the four dimensions of economic income,self-evaluation,social accreditation and the winning of entrepreneurial competition in measuring the success of college students' entrepreneurship.Then,by using off-line and on-line research methods to design questionnaires,collecting and analyzing data statistics,interviewing the college teachers who are starting a business,and the students who are starting a business and preparing to start their own business,summing up their views and experiences,the paper concludes the four dimensions of evaluating the success criteria of college students,and constructs a successful standard evaluation system for college students,providing reference for college students' entrepreneurs and related entrepreneurship education management departments.
Entrepreneurship is a problem worthy of local college students' careful consideration in the new era.Taking the college students in Ganzhou as the research object,considering the characteristics of college students' group entrepreneurship,including factors of entrepreneurship competition,establishing the evaluation system of the success criteria for college students' entrepreneurship in Jiangxi Province,this paper tries to analyze the role of the four dimensions of economic income,self-evaluation,social accreditation and the winning of entrepreneurial competition in measuring the success of college students' entrepreneurship.Then,by using off-line and on-line research methods to design questionnaires,collecting and analyzing data statistics,interviewing the college teachers who are starting a business,and the students who are starting a business and preparing to start their own business,summing up their views and experiences,the paper concludes the four dimensions of evaluating the success criteria of college students,and constructs a successful standard evaluation system for college students,providing reference for college students' entrepreneurs and related entrepreneurship education management departments.
引文
[1]江西省高等院校毕业生就业工作办公室.江西省2017届高校毕业生就业质量报告[EB/OL].(2018-01-18)[2018-07-07].http://www.jxedu.gov.cn/info/1095/112923.htm.
[2]清华经管学院中国创业研究中心.全球创业观察2015/2016中国报告[EB/OL].(2016-12-29)[2018-07-07].http://www.sem.tsinghua.edu.cn/news/xyywcn/5449.html.
[3]LEE H,GRISE J.Are women owner-managers challenging our definitions of entrepreneurship?an in-depth survey[J].Journal of business ethics,1990,9(4/5):423-433.
[4]ADAMS B L,SYKES V.Performance measures and profitability factors of successful African-American entrepreneurs:an exploratory study[J].The journal of American academy of business,Cambridge,2003(2):418-423.
[5]LAU V P.Entrepreneurial career success from a Chinese perspective:conceptualization,operationalization,and validation[J].Journal of international business studies,2007,38(1),126-146.
[6]DOMINIKA W,STEPHAN U,MARJAN G.More than money:developing an integrative multi-factorial measure of entrepreneurial success[J].International small business journal,2016,34(8):1098-1121.
[7]陈建安,陈瑞,陶雅.创业成功界定与测量前沿探析及未来展望[J].外国经济与管理,2014(8):3-13.
[8]REIJONEN H,KOMPPULA R.Perception of success and its effect on small firm performance[J].Kyklos,2008,61(2):689-701.
[9]刘敏岚,胡明山.大学生创业的特点与启示——基于江西理工大学87个创业案例的分析[J].江西理工大学学报,2014(6):47-51.
[10]沈超红,罗亮.创业成功关键因素与创业绩效指标研究[J].中南大学学报(社会科学版),2006(2):231-235.
[11]曾媛,胡明山.大学生创业素质现状、问题及教育对策研究[J].江西理工大学学报,2011(4):34-36.
[12]GORGIEVSKI M J,ASCALON M E,STEPHAN U.Small business owners'success criteria,a values approach to personal differences[J].Journal of small business management,2011,49(2):207-232.
[13]陈石清,伊文斌.加强创业能力培养力促大学生就业[J].江西理工大学学报,2008(5):131-133.
[14]CALIENDO M,KRITIKOS A S.Is entrepreneurial success predictable?an ex-ante analysis of the character-based approach[J].Kyklos,2008,61(2):189-214.
[15]RICK N,JOHN W,DAVID W.Developing an instrument to examine the goals of SME owner—operators[J].Small enterprise research,2012,19(2):74-95.
[16]VICTOR P L,MARGARET A S,KEVIN A.Entrepreneurial career success from a Chinese perspective:conceptualization,operationalization,and validation[J].Journal of international business studies,2007,38(1):74-95.
[17]顾明.高职学生网上创业成功的评价标准研究[J].高等农业教育,2014(4):106-109.
[18]赵书玲,董跃华.我国大学生创业教育的现状问题及对策研究[J].江西理工大学学报,2010,31(2):80-82.
[19]DENIZ U,PAUL W,MIKE W,MANUEL F.The nature of entrepreneurial experience,business failure and comparative optimism[J].Journal of business venturing,2010,25(6):541-555.
[20]李蓉.创业绩效的结构模型与效用评价研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2007.
[21]周文霞.职业成功标准的实证研究与理论探讨[J].经济与管理研究,2006(5):59-62.
[22]FERREIRA F,MARQUES C,FERREIRA J,et al.Operationalizing and measuring individual entrepreneurial orientation using cognitive mapping and MCDA techniques[J].Journal of business research,2015,68(12):2691-2702.
[23]刘建荣.地方高校大学生创业教育研究[J].江西理工大学学报,2007(5):48-50.
[24]曹之然,曹娜娜.创业绩效结构模型:基于创业绩效测量理论的修正[J].商业研究,2011(2):122-127.
[2]清华经管学院中国创业研究中心.全球创业观察2015/2016中国报告[EB/OL].(2016-12-29)[2018-07-07].http://www.sem.tsinghua.edu.cn/news/xyywcn/5449.html.
[3]LEE H,GRISE J.Are women owner-managers challenging our definitions of entrepreneurship?an in-depth survey[J].Journal of business ethics,1990,9(4/5):423-433.
[4]ADAMS B L,SYKES V.Performance measures and profitability factors of successful African-American entrepreneurs:an exploratory study[J].The journal of American academy of business,Cambridge,2003(2):418-423.
[5]LAU V P.Entrepreneurial career success from a Chinese perspective:conceptualization,operationalization,and validation[J].Journal of international business studies,2007,38(1),126-146.
[6]DOMINIKA W,STEPHAN U,MARJAN G.More than money:developing an integrative multi-factorial measure of entrepreneurial success[J].International small business journal,2016,34(8):1098-1121.
[7]陈建安,陈瑞,陶雅.创业成功界定与测量前沿探析及未来展望[J].外国经济与管理,2014(8):3-13.
[8]REIJONEN H,KOMPPULA R.Perception of success and its effect on small firm performance[J].Kyklos,2008,61(2):689-701.
[9]刘敏岚,胡明山.大学生创业的特点与启示——基于江西理工大学87个创业案例的分析[J].江西理工大学学报,2014(6):47-51.
[10]沈超红,罗亮.创业成功关键因素与创业绩效指标研究[J].中南大学学报(社会科学版),2006(2):231-235.
[11]曾媛,胡明山.大学生创业素质现状、问题及教育对策研究[J].江西理工大学学报,2011(4):34-36.
[12]GORGIEVSKI M J,ASCALON M E,STEPHAN U.Small business owners'success criteria,a values approach to personal differences[J].Journal of small business management,2011,49(2):207-232.
[13]陈石清,伊文斌.加强创业能力培养力促大学生就业[J].江西理工大学学报,2008(5):131-133.
[14]CALIENDO M,KRITIKOS A S.Is entrepreneurial success predictable?an ex-ante analysis of the character-based approach[J].Kyklos,2008,61(2):189-214.
[15]RICK N,JOHN W,DAVID W.Developing an instrument to examine the goals of SME owner—operators[J].Small enterprise research,2012,19(2):74-95.
[16]VICTOR P L,MARGARET A S,KEVIN A.Entrepreneurial career success from a Chinese perspective:conceptualization,operationalization,and validation[J].Journal of international business studies,2007,38(1):74-95.
[17]顾明.高职学生网上创业成功的评价标准研究[J].高等农业教育,2014(4):106-109.
[18]赵书玲,董跃华.我国大学生创业教育的现状问题及对策研究[J].江西理工大学学报,2010,31(2):80-82.
[19]DENIZ U,PAUL W,MIKE W,MANUEL F.The nature of entrepreneurial experience,business failure and comparative optimism[J].Journal of business venturing,2010,25(6):541-555.
[20]李蓉.创业绩效的结构模型与效用评价研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2007.
[21]周文霞.职业成功标准的实证研究与理论探讨[J].经济与管理研究,2006(5):59-62.
[22]FERREIRA F,MARQUES C,FERREIRA J,et al.Operationalizing and measuring individual entrepreneurial orientation using cognitive mapping and MCDA techniques[J].Journal of business research,2015,68(12):2691-2702.
[23]刘建荣.地方高校大学生创业教育研究[J].江西理工大学学报,2007(5):48-50.
[24]曹之然,曹娜娜.创业绩效结构模型:基于创业绩效测量理论的修正[J].商业研究,2011(2):122-127.