内蒙古白乃庙逆冲推覆构造特征及其地质意义
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摘要
白乃庙逆冲推覆构造自四子王旗北东的十二台向东经白乃庙、博日和延至化德地区,大致沿北纬42°线东西向延伸超过190 km。它发育于华北克拉通与其北侧的奥陶纪白乃庙岛弧带之间,成为华北克拉通与北缘增生带的构造界线,是一套较为典型的陆缘褶冲带。它表现为华北克拉通北缘的中-新元古界白云鄂博群向北逆冲于白乃庙群及其弧后盆地的上志留统徐尼乌苏组和顶志留统西别河组之上。根据构造变形解析并结合音频大地电磁测深资料(CSAMT),得出白乃庙逆冲推覆构造由一系列分支逆断层组成,并向深部于120~800 m处交汇成主底板断层,构成一套叠瓦式逆冲推覆构造,并发育规模不同的构造窗和飞来峰。根据构造窗与飞来峰之间的距离,提出逆冲位移量大于14 km。通过线理及褶皱枢纽统计,指出白乃庙逆冲推覆构造的逆冲方向为自南向北。依据逆冲岩席中发育的断夹块的叠置关系及构造岩的特征,认为其经历了两个期次的活动。对断裂带内同构造形成的包裹石英透镜体的白云母分别进行了Rb-Sr和Ar-Ar同位素测年,认为白乃庙逆冲推覆构造早期活动于450~410 Ma,是白乃庙岛弧带与华北板块碰撞的构造反映。白乃庙逆冲断层晚期活动于晚二叠世至早三叠世,是古亚洲洋最终闭合的构造表现,亦印证研究区经历了印支期构造运动。
The Bainaimiao thrust belt, a typical skinned continental margin thrust sheet, distributes from Xuniwusu to Huade, nearly East-West extending along the 42°N with 190 km in length in the central Inner Mongolia. It is developed between the North China Craton and the Bainaimiao Ordovician island arc. It appears that the Meso–Neoproterozoic Bayan Obo Group developed in the northern margin of the North China Craton(NCC) thrust up northward, and covered the later Silurian Xibiehei Formation deposited in the Bainaimiao arc. Based on the geological mapping and CSAMT bathymetric, it is identified that branches of the thrusts in the sheet pool deeply into a main floor thrust located 120-800 m at depth. All of the thrusts consist into an imbricate thrust system and double layer structure. The thrust direction of both periods was south to north as indicated by foliation static and lineation orientation. Base on the distance between Windows and the Kilippes in front of the Bainaimiao thrust belt, its displacement is more than 14 km. According to the spatial characterization of Klippes and horses in the Bainaimiao thrust, two active periods of thrust can be identified. Rb-Sr and Ar-Ar isotope dating of muscovite formed during the thrusting suggests that the early period of thrust took place in 450-410 Ma, which is possibly related to the subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean crust toward the NCC. According to the time of basin sediments controlled by thrusts, the late period is speculated to be in Carboniferous to the Early Permian related to the collision of the Siberian and North China Platform, the close of the Paleo-Asian Oceans, and formation of Central Asian Orogenic Belt.
The Bainaimiao thrust belt, a typical skinned continental margin thrust sheet, distributes from Xuniwusu to Huade, nearly East-West extending along the 42°N with 190 km in length in the central Inner Mongolia. It is developed between the North China Craton and the Bainaimiao Ordovician island arc. It appears that the Meso–Neoproterozoic Bayan Obo Group developed in the northern margin of the North China Craton(NCC) thrust up northward, and covered the later Silurian Xibiehei Formation deposited in the Bainaimiao arc. Based on the geological mapping and CSAMT bathymetric, it is identified that branches of the thrusts in the sheet pool deeply into a main floor thrust located 120-800 m at depth. All of the thrusts consist into an imbricate thrust system and double layer structure. The thrust direction of both periods was south to north as indicated by foliation static and lineation orientation. Base on the distance between Windows and the Kilippes in front of the Bainaimiao thrust belt, its displacement is more than 14 km. According to the spatial characterization of Klippes and horses in the Bainaimiao thrust, two active periods of thrust can be identified. Rb-Sr and Ar-Ar isotope dating of muscovite formed during the thrusting suggests that the early period of thrust took place in 450-410 Ma, which is possibly related to the subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean crust toward the NCC. According to the time of basin sediments controlled by thrusts, the late period is speculated to be in Carboniferous to the Early Permian related to the collision of the Siberian and North China Platform, the close of the Paleo-Asian Oceans, and formation of Central Asian Orogenic Belt.
引文
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陈正乐,鲁克改,王果,陈柏林,李丽,蒋荣宝,崔玲玲,宫红良.2009.天山两侧山前新生代构造变形特征及其成因刍议.地学前缘,16(3):149-159.
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冯晓曦,姚书振,王家松,魏佳林,李光耀,王佳营,冯旭彪.2014.内蒙古白乃庙铜钼矿区侵入岩LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及地质意义.地质与勘探,50(2):369-381.
谷丛楠,周志广,张有宽,柳长峰,刘文灿,於炀森.2012.内蒙古白乃庙地区白音都西群的碎屑锆石年龄及其构造意义.现代地质,26(1):1-9.
胡晓,许传诗,牛树银.1990.华北地台北缘早古生代大陆边缘演化.北京:地质出版社:1-216.
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李德伦,刘伟.1992.华北板块北缘内蒙徐尼乌苏-谷那乌苏推覆构造特征及成因分析.长春地质学院学报,22:78-86.
李刚,刘正宏,徐仲元,彭向东,董晓杰,沙茜,王挽琼.2012.内蒙古白乃庙逆冲推覆构造的组成及其构造特征.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),42(Z2):309-319.
李秋立,陈福坤,王秀丽,李向辉,李潮峰.2006.超低本底化学流程和单颗粒云母Rb-Sr等时线定年.科学通报,51(3):321-325.
柳长峰,刘文灿,王慧平,周志广,张华锋,唐永举.2014.华北克拉通北缘白乃庙组变质火山岩锆石定年与岩石地球化学特征.地质学报,88(7):1273-1287.
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邵济安,何国琦,唐克东.2015.华北北部二叠纪陆壳演化.岩石学报,31(1):47-55.
宋鸿林.1999.燕山式板内造山带基本特征与动力学探讨.地学前缘,6(4):309-316.
万天丰.2011.中国大地构造学.北京:地质出版社:219-225.
王东方.1986.内蒙古温都尔庙地区古板块汇聚带的岩石学和地球化学.北京大学学报,(2):111-123.
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徐备,赵盼,鲍庆中,周永恒,王炎阳,罗志文.2014.兴蒙造山带前中生代构造单元划分初探.岩石学报,30(7):1841-1857.
杨振宇,马醒华,孙知明,黄宝春,周烑秀.1998.华北地块显生宙古地磁视极移曲线与地块运动.中国科学(D辑),28(增):44-46.
张长厚,张勇,李海龙,吴淦国,王根厚,徐德斌,肖伟峰,戴凛.2006.燕山西段及北京西山晚中生代逆冲构造格局及其地质意义.地学前缘,13(2):165-183.
张允平,苏养正,李景春.2010.内蒙古中部地区晚志留世西别河组的区域构造学意义.地质通报,29(11):1599-1605.
章永梅,张华锋,刘文灿,周志广.2009.内蒙古中部四子王旗大庙岩体时代及成因.岩石学报,25(12):3165-3181.
赵云,王建平,杨增海,张捷先,王守光,尚恒胜,左海洋,杨光,张彩霞.2013.内蒙古白乃庙铜矿床辉钼矿铼-锇同位素定年及其地质意义.地学前缘,20(4):361-368.
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