滇西北野生牡丹天然居群的表型多样性
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摘要
为揭示滇西北天然牡丹居群的表型变异程度和变异规律,利用12个形态指标对18个滇西北牡丹(Paeonia delavayi)的天然居群进行表型多样性研究。结果表明:滇西北牡丹表型性状在居群间存在广泛的变异,12个性状居群间的变异系数为16.65%~107.78%,种群间的平均变异系数为38.44%。在研究的18个居群中,宁蒗拉伯乡居群的变异最小,变异系数为25.02%;其次是玉龙县大平坝居群,变异系数为26.68%;以丽鸣线路旁居群的变异为最大,变异系数为50.86%。滇西北牡丹变型性状在居群间和居群内存在着丰富的表型多样性,12个表型性状的平均表型分化系数为98.51%,居群间的变异(48.87%)大于居群内的变异(0.59%),表明居群间的变异是表型变异的主要来源。滇西北牡丹表型性状与地理因子的典型相关分析表明,坡度能正向依次解释单荚荚长(y_(11))、果柄长(y_(8))、叶柄长(y_(4))和单荚总数(y_(10)),负向依次解释单荚荚宽(y_(12))、荚果数(y_(9))和株高(y_(1));聚类分析结果说明滇西北牡丹居群间表型性状变异是不连续的。
To reveal the variation degree and variation regularity of natural peony populations in northwest Yunnan, we used 12 morphological indexes to study the phenotypic diversity of 18 natural populations of Paeonia suffruticosa. The results showed that there was a wide range of variation in the phenotypic traits of P.suffruticosa in northwest Yunnan, the variation coefficient of the 12 traits among the populations was 16.65%-107.78%. The average coefficient of variation among populations was 38.44%. Among the 18 populations studied, the variation of Ninglang County Township Labo population was the smallest, the coefficient of variation was 25.02%; followed by Yulong County Dapingba population, the coefficient of variation was 26.68%; the variation of Liming Line population was the highest, the coefficient of variation was 50.86%. There were abundant phenotypic diversities among the populations and within the populations in northwest China.The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient of 12 phenotypic traits was 98.51%, the variation among populations(48.87%) was greater than that within populations(0.59%), indicating that the variation among populations was the main source of phenotypic variation. The canonical correlation analysis between phenotypic traits and geographical factors showed that, the gradient could be interpreted in positive direction of single pod length(y_(11)), pedicel length(y_(8)), petiole length(y_(4)), total number of pods(y_(10)); the gradient could be explained in negative direction of pod width(y_(12)), number of pods(y_(9)), plant height(y_(1)). The results of cluster analysis showed that the variation of phenotypic traits among populations of P. suffruticosa was discontinuous.
To reveal the variation degree and variation regularity of natural peony populations in northwest Yunnan, we used 12 morphological indexes to study the phenotypic diversity of 18 natural populations of Paeonia suffruticosa. The results showed that there was a wide range of variation in the phenotypic traits of P.suffruticosa in northwest Yunnan, the variation coefficient of the 12 traits among the populations was 16.65%-107.78%. The average coefficient of variation among populations was 38.44%. Among the 18 populations studied, the variation of Ninglang County Township Labo population was the smallest, the coefficient of variation was 25.02%; followed by Yulong County Dapingba population, the coefficient of variation was 26.68%; the variation of Liming Line population was the highest, the coefficient of variation was 50.86%. There were abundant phenotypic diversities among the populations and within the populations in northwest China.The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient of 12 phenotypic traits was 98.51%, the variation among populations(48.87%) was greater than that within populations(0.59%), indicating that the variation among populations was the main source of phenotypic variation. The canonical correlation analysis between phenotypic traits and geographical factors showed that, the gradient could be interpreted in positive direction of single pod length(y_(11)), pedicel length(y_(8)), petiole length(y_(4)), total number of pods(y_(10)); the gradient could be explained in negative direction of pod width(y_(12)), number of pods(y_(9)), plant height(y_(1)). The results of cluster analysis showed that the variation of phenotypic traits among populations of P. suffruticosa was discontinuous.
引文
[1]李奎.滇牡丹保护生物学与遗传多样性研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2013.
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[12]尹明宇,高福玲,乌云塔娜.内蒙古西伯利亚杏种质资源表型多样性研究[J].植物遗传资源学报,2017(2):242-252.
[13]苏应雄,张雪,王文礼,等.红棕杜鹃不同海拔种群的表型多样性研究[J].西北植物学报,2017(2):356-362.
[14]李华锋,滕杰,杨家干,等.连南栽培型古茶树资源叶片表型性状遗传多样性及聚类分析[J].中国农学通报,2016(36):109-114.
[15]秦红艳,许培磊,艾军,等.软枣猕猴桃种质资源果实品质、表型性状多样性及主成分分析[J].中国农学通报,2015(1):160-165.
[16]唐玲,王艳芳,李荣英,等.滇重楼不同居群的表型多样性研究[J].中国农学通报,2013(18):89-95.
[17]徐杨,周丽,蔡年辉,等.云南松不同海拔群体的针叶性状表型多样性研究[J].云南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2016(1):109-114.
[18]宋杰,李世峰,刘丽娜,等.云南含笑天然居群的表型多样性分析[J].西北植物学报,2013(2):272-279.
[19]李大伟,龚榜初,白杰建,等.山桐子天然群体表型遗传多样性研究[J].湖南农业科学,2010(11):7-10.
[20]赵云彤,范书华,王艳,等.黑龙江省晒烟创新种质资源生物学性状聚类及相关分析[J].东北农业大学学报,2016(4):79-85.
[21]李春花,王艳青,卢文洁等.云南薏苡种质资源农艺性状的主成分和聚类分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2015(2):277-281,287.
[22]吴澎,陈建省,田纪春.137个微核心种质资源植酸含量的聚类分析[J].中国粮油学报,2010(10):19-23.
[23]路颖.亚麻种质资源聚类分析及核心品种抽取方法[J].中国麻业,2005(2):66-69.
[24]耿广东,张素勤,盛霞.辣椒种质资源主要表型性状的典型相关分析[J].中国农学通报,2009(5):209-211.
[25]叶春海,吴钿,丰锋,等.菠萝蜜种质资源调查及果实性状的相关分析[J].热带作物学报,2006(1):28-32.
[2]王莲英.中国牡丹品种图志[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1997:21-22.
[3]李树发,蔡艳飞.滇牡丹天然群体的表型多样性[J].西南农业学报,2016(10):2470-2478.
[4]傅立国,金鉴明,冯国楣,等.中国植物红皮书(第一册)[M].北京:科学出版社,1992:530-531.
[5]李奎,郑宝强,王雁,等.滇牡丹自然种群数量动态[J].植物生态学报,2012(6):522-529.
[6]任秀霞,张盈,薛璟祺,等.滇牡丹天然居群的遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2015(4):772-780.
[7]刘通,冯丹,陈少瑜,等.4个滇牡丹天然居群遗传多样性的ISSR分析[J].西部林业科学,2014(3):31-36.
[8]李奎,王雁,郑宝强,等.40个野生滇牡丹群体的花粉形态研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2011(1):94-103.
[9]曹羲君.牡丹高代杂种与滇牡丹的引种及应用[D].北京:北京林业大学,2010.
[10]王青,刘超,郭溆,等.牡丹籽油脂肪酸成分分析及其抗氧化性能研究[J].食品研究与开发,2017(2):166-169.
[11]陆继亮.云南油用牡丹发展后劲十足[J].中国花卉园艺,2015(7):40-41.
[12]尹明宇,高福玲,乌云塔娜.内蒙古西伯利亚杏种质资源表型多样性研究[J].植物遗传资源学报,2017(2):242-252.
[13]苏应雄,张雪,王文礼,等.红棕杜鹃不同海拔种群的表型多样性研究[J].西北植物学报,2017(2):356-362.
[14]李华锋,滕杰,杨家干,等.连南栽培型古茶树资源叶片表型性状遗传多样性及聚类分析[J].中国农学通报,2016(36):109-114.
[15]秦红艳,许培磊,艾军,等.软枣猕猴桃种质资源果实品质、表型性状多样性及主成分分析[J].中国农学通报,2015(1):160-165.
[16]唐玲,王艳芳,李荣英,等.滇重楼不同居群的表型多样性研究[J].中国农学通报,2013(18):89-95.
[17]徐杨,周丽,蔡年辉,等.云南松不同海拔群体的针叶性状表型多样性研究[J].云南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2016(1):109-114.
[18]宋杰,李世峰,刘丽娜,等.云南含笑天然居群的表型多样性分析[J].西北植物学报,2013(2):272-279.
[19]李大伟,龚榜初,白杰建,等.山桐子天然群体表型遗传多样性研究[J].湖南农业科学,2010(11):7-10.
[20]赵云彤,范书华,王艳,等.黑龙江省晒烟创新种质资源生物学性状聚类及相关分析[J].东北农业大学学报,2016(4):79-85.
[21]李春花,王艳青,卢文洁等.云南薏苡种质资源农艺性状的主成分和聚类分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2015(2):277-281,287.
[22]吴澎,陈建省,田纪春.137个微核心种质资源植酸含量的聚类分析[J].中国粮油学报,2010(10):19-23.
[23]路颖.亚麻种质资源聚类分析及核心品种抽取方法[J].中国麻业,2005(2):66-69.
[24]耿广东,张素勤,盛霞.辣椒种质资源主要表型性状的典型相关分析[J].中国农学通报,2009(5):209-211.
[25]叶春海,吴钿,丰锋,等.菠萝蜜种质资源调查及果实性状的相关分析[J].热带作物学报,2006(1):28-32.