防治大豆食心虫的优势赤眼蜂种类筛选及田间防效测评
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摘要
为筛选出防治大豆食心虫的优势赤眼蜂种类,科学评估优势赤眼蜂对大豆食心虫的田间实际防治效果,增加有机大豆的种植面积、产量和农民收入。采用田间小区笼罩法比较了5种赤眼蜂对卵的寄生率;设计采用4级放蜂梯度的方法,比较各梯度防治效果、产量和增产率。结果表明:螟黄赤眼蜂对大豆食心虫卵的寄生率最高,达到61.8%,放蜂量以45万头·hm~(-2)为宜,平均防治效果63.6%,增产率8.2%。说明螟黄赤眼蜂对大豆食心虫卵有较强的搜寻力和生殖力特征,是防治大豆食心虫的优势蜂种,卵粒寄生率高,田间防治效果理想,放蜂方法操作简单,大面积推广应用的前景广阔。
In order to screen out the dominant Trichogrammaspecies to control soybean pod borer,scientific evaluate the actual control effect in field,and increase the planting area,yield and income of farmers,we used the cell enveloped method to compare the the parasitic rate of,5 Trichogrammaspecies in soybean pod borer egg,and the control effect,yield and increment of 4 different bee densities.The results showed that the egg parasitic rate of Trichogramma chilonis was the highest,reached 61.8%,the suitable release quantity was 450 thousand·hm~(-2),the average control effect was 63.6%,and the yield increased by 8.2%.In conclusion,the Trichogramma chilonis had stronger search force and fertility,was the the dominant species to control of soybean pod borer,had the high egg parasitic rate and ideal control effect,and easy to release in field,so it was commended to promote the application in large area.
In order to screen out the dominant Trichogrammaspecies to control soybean pod borer,scientific evaluate the actual control effect in field,and increase the planting area,yield and income of farmers,we used the cell enveloped method to compare the the parasitic rate of,5 Trichogrammaspecies in soybean pod borer egg,and the control effect,yield and increment of 4 different bee densities.The results showed that the egg parasitic rate of Trichogramma chilonis was the highest,reached 61.8%,the suitable release quantity was 450 thousand·hm~(-2),the average control effect was 63.6%,and the yield increased by 8.2%.In conclusion,the Trichogramma chilonis had stronger search force and fertility,was the the dominant species to control of soybean pod borer,had the high egg parasitic rate and ideal control effect,and easy to release in field,so it was commended to promote the application in large area.
引文
[1]林英,宋丽威,臧连生,等.三种本地赤眼蜂对大豆食心虫卵的寄生潜能[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(19):3810-3816.
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[4]罗宝君.不同赤眼蜂蜂种对大豆食心虫的防治效果[J].安徽农业科学,2017,45(12):141-143.
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[6]吕德东,秦昊东,高宇,等.大豆食心虫成虫产卵对寄主豆荚特征的选择性[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(28):137-141.
[2]张俊杰,阮长春,臧连生,等.我国赤眼蜂工厂化繁育技术改进及防治农业害虫应用现状[J].中国生物防治学报,2015,31(5):638-646.
[3]赵云彤,王克勤,范书华,等.大豆食心虫性诱剂与生物防治适期研究[J].中国植保导刊,2015,35(2):29-32.
[4]罗宝君.不同赤眼蜂蜂种对大豆食心虫的防治效果[J].安徽农业科学,2017,45(12):141-143.
[5]王克勤.利用赤眼蜂防治大豆食心虫蜂种筛选及应用技术研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,1996(6):26-29.
[6]吕德东,秦昊东,高宇,等.大豆食心虫成虫产卵对寄主豆荚特征的选择性[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(28):137-141.