加工方式对纳米碳酸钙母料的制备及其聚乳酸复合材料性能的影响
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摘要
采用母料法即通过连续混炼机和双螺杆挤出机分别制备了纳米碳酸钙(nano-CaCO_3)母料,后将母料按照一定配比添加到聚乳酸(PLA)树脂中进行注塑。通过热重分析仪、扫描电子显微镜和旋转流变仪等对复合材料进行了分析表征,探讨了母料法加工工艺对nano-CaCO_3在PLA树脂中分散的影响。结果表明,连续混炼机制备的母料更有利于nano-CaCO_3在PLA基体中分散,降低复合材料复数黏度、提高结晶度;同时当添加母料含量相同时,连续混炼母料对复合材料拉伸强度"损失"程度更低,对缺口冲击强度"补强"程度更高。
Nano-CaCO_3 masterbatch was prepared by using continuous mixer and twin-screw extruder and then were added to polylactic acid(PLA) for injection molding. The effect of processing methods of the masterbatch on the dispersion of Nano-CaCO_3 in the PLA matrix was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and rotational rheometer. The results indicated that the masterbatch prepared by a continuous mixing method was more advantageous to the dispersion of Nano-CaCO_3 in the PLA matrix, which could reduce the complex viscosity of the compounds and increase their crystallinity. At the same amount of masterbatch, the compounds obtained a less decrease in tensile strength but a more significant reinforement effect when using the masterbatch prepared by a continuous mixing method.
Nano-CaCO_3 masterbatch was prepared by using continuous mixer and twin-screw extruder and then were added to polylactic acid(PLA) for injection molding. The effect of processing methods of the masterbatch on the dispersion of Nano-CaCO_3 in the PLA matrix was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and rotational rheometer. The results indicated that the masterbatch prepared by a continuous mixing method was more advantageous to the dispersion of Nano-CaCO_3 in the PLA matrix, which could reduce the complex viscosity of the compounds and increase their crystallinity. At the same amount of masterbatch, the compounds obtained a less decrease in tensile strength but a more significant reinforement effect when using the masterbatch prepared by a continuous mixing method.
引文
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[14] 马传国, 容敏智, 章明秋. 纳米碳酸钙及其表面处理对等规聚丙烯结晶行为的影响[J]. 高分子学报, 2003, 1 (3):381-386. MA C G, RONG M Z, ZHANG M Q. Influence of Nano-CaCO3 and Surface Modification on the Crystallization Behavior of Isotactic Polypropylene[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2003, 138 (3):381-386 .
[15] 马沛岚, 苑会林, 李军. 聚丙烯/纳米碳酸钙原位聚合复合材料的结晶特性研究[J]. 中国塑料, 2003,17 (9):16-19. MA P L, YUAN H L, LI J. Study on Crystallization Characteristics of PP/Nano-CaCO3 In-Situ Polymerized Composites[J]. China Plastics, 2003,17(9):16-19.
[2] WANG Y R, CHEN G X, YANG S Y, et al. Barbaloin Loaded Polydopamine-polylactide-TPGS (PLA-TPGS) Nanoparticles Against Gastric Cancer as a Targeted Drug Delivery System: Studies in Vitro and in Vivo[J]. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2018, 499(1):8-16.
[3] ARMENTANO I, BITINIS N, FORTUNATI E, et al. Multifunctional Nanostructured PLA Materials for Packaging and Tissue Engineering[J]. Progress in Polymer Science, 2013, 38 (10/11):1 720-1 747.
[4] HAYES D G, WADSWORTH L C, SINTIM H Y, et al. Effect of Diverse Weathering Conditions on the Physicochemical Properties of Biodegradable Plastic Mulches[J]. Polymer Testing, 2017, 62 :454-467.
[5] LIANG J Z, TANG C Y, ZHOU L, et al. Melt Density and Flow Property of PDLLA/Nano-CaCO3 Bio-compo-sites[J]. Composites, Part B: Engineering, 2011, 42(7):1 897-1 900.
[6] 马祥艳, 王翔宇, 李莉, 等. PLA/PBAT/纳米碳酸钙三元复合材料的微观形貌与性能[J]. 塑料, 2017,46(5):93-97. MA X Y, WANG X Y, LI L, et al. Morphologies and Properties of PLA/PBAT/nano-CaCO3 Ternary Composite[J]. Plastics, 2017,46(5):93-97.
[7] JIN F L, PANG Q Q, ZHANG T Y, et al. Synergistic Reinforcing of Poly(lactic acid)-based Systems by Polybutylenesuccinate and Nano-calcium Carbonate[J]. Journal of Industrial & Engineering Chemistry, 2015, 32 :77-84.
[8] 张国勋, 谢林生, 韩晶杰, 等.双转子连续混炼机制备再生胶的结构与性能[J]. 高分子材料科学与工程, 2011, 27 (3):109-111. ZHANG G X, XIE L S, HAN J J, et al. Preparing Reclaimed Rubber by Two-Rotor Continuous Mixe[J]. Journal of Industrial & Engineering Chemistry, 2011, 27 (3):109-111.
[9] AMMARCHA C, GATUMEL C, DIRIONJ L, et al. Transitory Powder Flow Dynamics During Emptying of a Continuous Mixer[J]. Chemical Engineering & Processing Process Intensification, 2013, 65 (7):68-75.
[10] 张海燕, 何雪涛, 杨卫民, 等. 不同转子的双转子连续混炼机混炼效果的比较[J]. 中国塑料, 2009,23(7):96-100. ZHANG H Y, HE X T, YANG W M, et al. Mixing Simulation of Twin-Rotor Continuous Mixer with Different Rotors[J]. China Rubber/plastics Technology & Equipment, 2009,23 (7):96-100.
[11] 王振华, 王佩璋. PMMA基稀土发光母料的制备及其性能研究[J]. 中国塑料, 2009, 23 (9):16-20. WANG Z H, WANG P T. Preparation and Properties of PMMA-based Rare Earth Luminescent Masterbatch[J]. China Plastics, 2009, 23 (9):16-20.
[12] 徐杰, 历伟, 赵传壮, 等. “半稀溶液”中超高分子量聚乙烯链缠绕结构的演变行为[J]. 高分子通报, 2015 (7):43-51. XU J, LI W, ZHAO C Z, et al. Emergence of Chain Entanglement of UHMWPE in“Semi-Dilute Solution”[J]. Polymer Bulletin, 2009, 23 (9):16-20.
[13] NEKHAMANURAK B, PATANATHABUTR P, HONGSRIPHAN N. The Influence of Micro-/Nano-CaCO3 on Thermal Stability and Melt Rheology Behavior of Poly(Lactic Acid)[J]. Energy Procedia, 2014, 56 (56):118-128.
[14] 马传国, 容敏智, 章明秋. 纳米碳酸钙及其表面处理对等规聚丙烯结晶行为的影响[J]. 高分子学报, 2003, 1 (3):381-386. MA C G, RONG M Z, ZHANG M Q. Influence of Nano-CaCO3 and Surface Modification on the Crystallization Behavior of Isotactic Polypropylene[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2003, 138 (3):381-386 .
[15] 马沛岚, 苑会林, 李军. 聚丙烯/纳米碳酸钙原位聚合复合材料的结晶特性研究[J]. 中国塑料, 2003,17 (9):16-19. MA P L, YUAN H L, LI J. Study on Crystallization Characteristics of PP/Nano-CaCO3 In-Situ Polymerized Composites[J]. China Plastics, 2003,17(9):16-19.