扶桑绵粉蚧寄主选择行为及其与寄主叶片生化物质含量的相关性
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摘要
【目的】研究扶桑绵粉蚧的寄主选择行为及其取食选择行为与寄主叶片部分生化物质含量的相关性,为预测该害虫在广西的发生为害趋势及综合防控提供参考依据。【方法】采用自由选择法,测定接虫24、48和72 h后不同虫龄(1、2和3龄若虫)或虫态(雌成虫)扶桑绵粉蚧在7种寄主植物(朱槿、棉花、悬铃花、马铃薯、番茄、红薯和三叶鬼针草)上的虫口数量,比较同一时间不同寄主间虫口百分率的差异;测定寄主植物叶片生化物质(可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和单宁酸)的含量,分析扶桑绵粉蚧寄主选择行为与生化物质含量的相关性。【结果】不同虫龄或虫态扶桑绵粉蚧喜食寄主存在一定差异,1龄若虫3个时段(接虫24、48和72 h)在同一寄主上的虫口百分率较接近,其偏好三叶鬼针草、棉花、悬铃花和马铃薯;2龄若虫在同一寄主上的虫口百分率随接虫时间而改变,且在不同寄主上的虫口百分率差异显著(P<0.05,下同),总体上偏好棉花、悬铃花、三叶鬼针草和番茄;3龄若虫和雌成虫的喜食寄主基本相同,为棉花、悬铃花、朱槿和三叶鬼针草。朱槿、棉花和马铃薯叶片中可溶性糖含量较高,三叶鬼针草、马铃薯和红薯叶片中可溶性蛋白含量较高,棉花、红薯和朱槿叶片中单宁酸含量相对较高。2龄若虫的取食选择行为与寄主叶片可溶性蛋白含量显著负相关,与单宁酸含量显著正相关;雌成虫取食选择行为与寄主叶片可溶性糖含量显著正相关;多数虫龄的取食选择行为与寄主叶片生化物质含量无显著相关性(P>0.05)。【结论】棉花、悬铃花和三叶鬼针草为扶桑绵粉蚧喜食寄主;不同寄主叶片生化物质含量大多存在显著差异,扶桑绵粉蚧多数虫龄或虫态的寄主选择行为与寄主叶片生化物质含量无显著相关性。
【Objective】In the present study,the feeding preference of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley to different hosts,the correlations between the contents of biochemical substances in host leaves and host selection were studied to provide reference for prediction of the occurrence tendency and comprehensive prevention of the pest in Guangxi.【Method】The number of the P. solenopsis at different stages or instars(first-instar nymph,second-instar nymph,thirdinstar nymph and adult female)in seven host plants(Hibiscus rosa-chinensis,Gossypium hirsutum,Malvaviscus arboreus,Solanum tuberosum,Lycopersicon esculentum,Ipomoea batatas and Bidens pilosa)was measured by free choice test after infected 24,48 and 72 h,and the population proportion of P. solenopsis among different hosts at the same time was compared. The contents of biochemical substances(soluble sugar,soluble protein and tannin)in host plants leaves were determined,the further correlations between the host selection of the P. solenopsis and the contents of biochemical substances were analyzed.【Result】Every different stage or instar of P. solenopsis had their own preferred host. The population proportions of first-instar nymph in the three periods(infected 24,48 and 72 h)on the same host were close,theirpreferred hosts were B. pilosa,G. hirsutum,M. arboreus and S. tuberosum. The population proportions of second-instar nymph on the same host varied with infected time,and the population proportions on different hosts were significantly differen(tP<0.05,the same as below). Overall,the preferred hosts of second-instar nymph were G. hirsutum,B. pilosa,M.arboreus and L. esculentum. Third-instar nymph and adult female shared the similar preferred hosts: G. hirsutum,B. pilosa,H. rosa-chinensis and M. arboreus. The contents of soluble sugar were high in the leaves of H. rosa-chinensis,G. hirsutum and S. tuberosum. The soluble protein contents were high in the leaves of B. pilosa,S. tuberosum and I. batatas.The tannin contents were high in the leaves of G. hirsutum,I. batatas and H. rosa-chinensis. There was a significant negative correlation between the feeding selection behavior of second-instar nymph and the content of soluble protein in host leaves,while tannin content was significantly positively correlative with the feeding selection behavior of second-instar nymph. Feeding selection behavior of adult females was significantly positively correlated with soluble sugar content in host leaves,whereas,there was no significant correlation between the feeding selection behavior of most stages and the contents of biochemi-cal substances in the host leaves(P>0.05).【Conclusion】G. hirsutum,M. arboreus and B. pilosa are the preferred hosts of P. solenopsis. The contents of biochemical substances in leaves among different hosts are significantly different. There are no significant correlations between the host selection of most P. solenopsis instars and the contents of biochemical substances in host leaves.
【Objective】In the present study,the feeding preference of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley to different hosts,the correlations between the contents of biochemical substances in host leaves and host selection were studied to provide reference for prediction of the occurrence tendency and comprehensive prevention of the pest in Guangxi.【Method】The number of the P. solenopsis at different stages or instars(first-instar nymph,second-instar nymph,thirdinstar nymph and adult female)in seven host plants(Hibiscus rosa-chinensis,Gossypium hirsutum,Malvaviscus arboreus,Solanum tuberosum,Lycopersicon esculentum,Ipomoea batatas and Bidens pilosa)was measured by free choice test after infected 24,48 and 72 h,and the population proportion of P. solenopsis among different hosts at the same time was compared. The contents of biochemical substances(soluble sugar,soluble protein and tannin)in host plants leaves were determined,the further correlations between the host selection of the P. solenopsis and the contents of biochemical substances were analyzed.【Result】Every different stage or instar of P. solenopsis had their own preferred host. The population proportions of first-instar nymph in the three periods(infected 24,48 and 72 h)on the same host were close,theirpreferred hosts were B. pilosa,G. hirsutum,M. arboreus and S. tuberosum. The population proportions of second-instar nymph on the same host varied with infected time,and the population proportions on different hosts were significantly differen(tP<0.05,the same as below). Overall,the preferred hosts of second-instar nymph were G. hirsutum,B. pilosa,M.arboreus and L. esculentum. Third-instar nymph and adult female shared the similar preferred hosts: G. hirsutum,B. pilosa,H. rosa-chinensis and M. arboreus. The contents of soluble sugar were high in the leaves of H. rosa-chinensis,G. hirsutum and S. tuberosum. The soluble protein contents were high in the leaves of B. pilosa,S. tuberosum and I. batatas.The tannin contents were high in the leaves of G. hirsutum,I. batatas and H. rosa-chinensis. There was a significant negative correlation between the feeding selection behavior of second-instar nymph and the content of soluble protein in host leaves,while tannin content was significantly positively correlative with the feeding selection behavior of second-instar nymph. Feeding selection behavior of adult females was significantly positively correlated with soluble sugar content in host leaves,whereas,there was no significant correlation between the feeding selection behavior of most stages and the contents of biochemi-cal substances in the host leaves(P>0.05).【Conclusion】G. hirsutum,M. arboreus and B. pilosa are the preferred hosts of P. solenopsis. The contents of biochemical substances in leaves among different hosts are significantly different. There are no significant correlations between the host selection of most P. solenopsis instars and the contents of biochemical substances in host leaves.
引文
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张妮,陈泽坦,严珍,李志飞,黄红梅.2013.不同寄主对新菠萝灰粉蚧嗜食性的比较[J].农业科技通讯,(10):116-118.[Zhang N,Chen Z T,Yan Z,Li Z F,Huang H M.2013.Comparison on the feeding preference of Dysmicoccus neobrevipes Beardsley to different hosts[J].Bulletin of Agricultural Science and Technology,(10):116-118.]
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李合生.2000.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社.[Li H S.2000.Principles and Techniques of Plant Physiological Biochemical Experiment[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press.]
马彩亮,王冬生,滕海媛,袁永达,张天澍,常晓丽.2016.扶桑绵粉蚧若虫对不同蔬菜寄主的选择性与适生性[J].环境昆虫学报,38(4):690-697.[Ma C L,Wang D S,Teng H Y,Yuan Y D,Zhang T S,Chang X L.2016.Feeding preference and host fitness of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley larvae for different host vegetables[J].Journal of Environmental Entomology,38(4):690-697.]
马骏,胡学难,彭正强,刘海军,梁帆,陆永跃.2011.基于CLI-MEX模型的扶桑绵粉蚧在中国潜在地理分布预测[J].植物检疫,25(1):5-8.[Ma J,Hu X N,Peng Z Q,Liu HJ,Liang F,Lu Y Y.2011.The potential geographical distribution of Phenacoccu ssolenopsis Tinsley based on the CLIMEX in China[J].Plant Quarantine,25(1):5-8.]
庞保平,高俊平,周晓榕,王娟.2006.南美斑潜蝇寄主选择性与植物次生化合物及叶毛的关系[J].昆虫学报,49(5):810-815.[Pang B P,Gao J P,Zhou X R,Wang J.2006.Relationship between host plant preference of Liriomyza huidobrensis(Blanchard)(Diptera:Agromyzidae)and secondary plant compounds and trichomes of host foliage[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,49(5):810-815.]
孙丹萍,刘玉卿,王朝阳,郜旭芳,徐睿.2018.河南省蚧虫物种多样性及区系分布[J].河南农业科学,47(6):83-91.[Sun D P,Liu Y Q,Wang Z Y,Gao X F,Xu R.2018.Study on species diversity and flora of scale insects in Henan Province[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences,47(6):83-91.]
王伟兰.2014.温湿度和寄主对扶桑绵粉蚧生长发育影响的研究[D].南宁:广西大学.[Wang W L.2014.Effects of hosts,temperatures and relative humidities on the growth and development of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley[D].Nanning:Guangxi University.]
王涌,付惠惠,顾丁,田广飞,侯晓晖.2017.九香虫寄主植物挥发物成分分析[J].江苏农业学报,33(6):1435-1437.[Wang Y,Fu H H,Gu D,Tian G F,Hou X H.2017.Analysis of volatile constituents of Aspongopus chinensis host plants[J].Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences,33(6):1435-1437.]
张妮,陈泽坦,严珍,李志飞,黄红梅.2013.不同寄主对新菠萝灰粉蚧嗜食性的比较[J].农业科技通讯,(10):116-118.[Zhang N,Chen Z T,Yan Z,Li Z F,Huang H M.2013.Comparison on the feeding preference of Dysmicoccus neobrevipes Beardsley to different hosts[J].Bulletin of Agricultural Science and Technology,(10):116-118.]
张润志,王福祥.2010.扶桑绵粉蚧(棉花粉蚧)[M].北京:中国农业出版社.[Zhang R Z,Wang F X.2010.Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley(Cotton Mealybug)[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press.]
赵新宁,催旭红,陈玲,黄伟峰,郑丹,商晗武.2012.不同类型棉花品种对扶桑绵粉蚧个体发育特征及其适应性的影响[J].棉花学报,24(6):496-502.[Zhao X N,Cui X H,Chen L,Huang W F,Zheng D,Shang H W.2012.Ontogenesis and adaptability of mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley(Hemiptera:Pseudococcidae)on different varieties of cotton[J].Cotton Science,24(6):496-502.]
Abbas G,Arif M J,Ashfaq M,Aslam M,Saeed S.2010.Host plants distribution and overwintering of cotton mealybug(Phenacoccus solenopsis;Hemiptera:Pseudococcidae)[J].International Journal of Agriculture and Biology,12(3):421-425.
Ahmed M A.1994.Differences in susceptibility of six cucumber cultivars to infestation by Aphis gossypii Glov.,Tetranychus urticae and Bemisia tabaci as correlated to protein and amino acid contents of leaves[J].Annals of Agricultural Science,Moshtohor,32(4):2189-2194.
Arif M I,Rafiq M,Ghaffar A.2009.Host plants of cotton mealybug(Phenacoccus solenopsis):A new menace to cotton agroecosystem of Punjab[J].International Journal of Agriculture and Biology,11(2):163-167.
Braccini C L,Vega A S,Chludil H D,Leicach S R,Fernandez P C.2013.Host selection,oviposition behaviour and leaf traits in a specialist willow sawfly on species of Salix(Salicaceae)[J].Ecological Entomology,38(6):617-626.
Chen H S,Yang L,Huang L F,Wang W L,Hu Y,Jiang J J,Zhou Z S.2015.Temperature-and relative humidity-dependent life history traits of Phenacoccus solenopsis(Hemiptera:Pseudococcidae)on Hibiscus rosa-sinensis(Malvales:Malvaceae)[J].Environmental Entomology,44(4):1230-1239.
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