基于垂直采样的水下三维传感网覆盖算法
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摘要
针对水下环境的三维传感器网络节点随机部署时存在覆盖率低的问题,设计一种基于垂直采样的水下三维传感网络覆盖算法,用于提高水下三维传感器网络覆盖率和连通性.垂直采样算法首先对三维监测区域进行垂直平面采样,然后再对该平面进行直线采样,把三维空间的覆盖问题转化为多平面内的直线覆盖优化问题,达到对整个三维网络覆盖优化的目的.仿真结果表明,在100 m×100 m×100 m的三维监测水域,垂直采样算法比三维随机部署策略可提高约4%～28%的覆盖率,在节点数为40时对覆盖率的提升程度最大.
In order to solve the problem of low coverage rate when nodes are deployed randomly in underwater threedimensional(3 D) sensor networks, an underwater 3 D sensor network coverage algorithm based on vertical sampling is designed to improve the coverage and connectivity of underwater 3 D sensor network. The coverage algorithm of underwater 3 D sensor network based on vertical sampling firstly samples the 3 D monitoring area in vertical plane, and then samples the plane in a straight line, which transforms the coverage problem of 3 D space into the optimal problem of linear coverage. From the local to the whole, the goal of optimizing the coverage of the whole 3 D network is achieved.The simulation results show that in the 100 m×100 m×100 m 3 D monitoring area, the vertical sampling algorithm can increase the coverage by about 4%～28% compared with the 3 D random deployment strategy, and the maximum degree of increase is obtained when the number of nodes is 40.
In order to solve the problem of low coverage rate when nodes are deployed randomly in underwater threedimensional(3 D) sensor networks, an underwater 3 D sensor network coverage algorithm based on vertical sampling is designed to improve the coverage and connectivity of underwater 3 D sensor network. The coverage algorithm of underwater 3 D sensor network based on vertical sampling firstly samples the 3 D monitoring area in vertical plane, and then samples the plane in a straight line, which transforms the coverage problem of 3 D space into the optimal problem of linear coverage. From the local to the whole, the goal of optimizing the coverage of the whole 3 D network is achieved.The simulation results show that in the 100 m×100 m×100 m 3 D monitoring area, the vertical sampling algorithm can increase the coverage by about 4%～28% compared with the 3 D random deployment strategy, and the maximum degree of increase is obtained when the number of nodes is 40.
引文
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2杜晓玉.面向水环境监测的传感网覆盖算法研究[博士学位论文].南京:南京邮电大学大学,2015.
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13王兴民.水下传感器网络覆盖控制算法研究[硕士学位论文].杭州:杭州电子科技大学,2015.
14王雪,王晟,马俊杰.无线传感网络布局的虚拟力导向微粒群优化策略.电子学报,2007,35(11):2038-2042.[doi10.3321/j.issn:0372-2112.2007.11.002]
15李享,李轩涯.基于虚拟力的三维部署技术研究.科学技术与工程,2013,13(9):2412-2420.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.16711815.2013.09.020]
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2杜晓玉.面向水环境监测的传感网覆盖算法研究[博士学位论文].南京:南京邮电大学大学,2015.
3 Karjee J,Jamadagni HS.Information estimation with node placement strategy in 3D wireless sensor networks.IETEJournal of Research,2017,63(4):523-535.[doi:10.1080/03772063.2017.1299044]
4 Kim D,Cano JC,Wang W,et al.Underwater wireless sensor networks.International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks,2014,2014:860813.
5 Yick J,Mukherjee B,Ghosal D.Wireless sensor network survey.Computer Networks,2008,52(12):2292-2330.[doi:10.1016/j.comnet.2008.04.002]
6 Huang CF,Tseng YC.The coverage problem in a wireless sensor network.Mobile Networks and Applications,200510(4):519-528.[doi:10.1007/s11036-005-1564-y]
7刘丽萍,王智,孙优贤.无线传感器网络部署及其覆盖问题研究.电子与信息学报,2006,28(9):1752-1757.
8任丰原,黄海宁,林闯.无线传感器网络.软件学报,200314(7):1282-1291.
9李世伟,王文敬,张聚伟.基于潜艇深度的水下传感器网络部署.传感技术学报,2012,25(11):1613-1617.[doi:103969/j.issn.1004-1699.2012.011.026]
10 Zou Y,Chakrabarty K.Sensor deployment and target localization based on virtual forces.IEEE INFOCOM 2003 Twenty-Second Annual Joint Conference of the IEEEComputer and Communications Societies.San Francisco CA,USA,2003:1293-1303.
11黄俊杰,孙力娟,王汝传,等.三维水下传感器网络覆盖优化算法.南京邮电大学学报(自然科学版),2013,33(5):69-74.
12杜晓玉,孙力娟,郭剑,等.异构无线传感器网络覆盖优化算法.电子与信息学报,2014,36(3):696-702.
13王兴民.水下传感器网络覆盖控制算法研究[硕士学位论文].杭州:杭州电子科技大学,2015.
14王雪,王晟,马俊杰.无线传感网络布局的虚拟力导向微粒群优化策略.电子学报,2007,35(11):2038-2042.[doi10.3321/j.issn:0372-2112.2007.11.002]
15李享,李轩涯.基于虚拟力的三维部署技术研究.科学技术与工程,2013,13(9):2412-2420.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.16711815.2013.09.020]
16 Detweiler C,Doniec M,Vasilescu I,et al.Autonomou depth adjustment for underwater sensor networks:Design and applications.IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics,2012,17(1):16-24.[doi:10.1109/TMECH2011.2175003]
17郭忠文,罗汉江,洪锋,等.水下无线传感器网络的研究进展.计算机研究与发展,2010,47(3):377-389.