新疆十红滩铀矿床西山窑组物源分析:Pb同位素组成的制约
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摘要
研究区位于吐哈盆地西南缘,区内已查明砂岩型铀矿床(点)数十个,铀矿体主要赋存于中侏罗统水西沟群西山窑组。本文系统分析了吐哈盆地南缘含矿目的层中10组砂岩样品及其蚀源区20组花岗岩的Pb同位素和微量元素数据,计算了相关Pb同位素参数。结果显示,南缘蚀源区花岗岩和地层砂体的206Pb/204Pb、207Pb/204Pb、208Pb/204Pb变化范围为16.364～19.216、15.482～15.820和37.184～39.082,变化范围较大,含放射性异常Pb特征;物质来源总体上以壳源Pb为主,混入了部分地幔Pb。蚀源区富铀花岗岩体与盆地岩层砂体本身早期所预富集的铀,为后期砂岩型铀矿成矿提供了重要成矿物质。
The study area is in the southwestern margin of the Tuha Basin in which dozens of sandstone-type uranium deposits(occurrences) have been recently discovered with uranium bodies mainly occurred in the Xishanyao Formation,Shuixigou Group of the Middle Jurassic ages. In this paper, we have systematically analyzed Pb isotopes and trace elements of 10 sandstone samples from the ore-bearing layer and 20 granitoid samples from the provenance area in the southern margin of the Tuha Basin and have calculated related parameters of Pb isotopes. The results show that the206 Pb/204 Pb, 207 Pb/204 Pb, and 208 Pb/204 Pb ratios of the granitoid and sandstone samples in the southern margin range from16.364 to19.216, from 15.482 to15.820, and from 37.184 to 39.082, respectively, with relatively large ranges of variation and characteristics of radioactive anomalous Pb. On the whole, the Pb is mainly sourced from the upper crust, with minor from the mantle. The granite and sandstone, which were pre-enriched in uranium, could have provided important uranium source for the later sandstone-type uranium mineralization in the area.
The study area is in the southwestern margin of the Tuha Basin in which dozens of sandstone-type uranium deposits(occurrences) have been recently discovered with uranium bodies mainly occurred in the Xishanyao Formation,Shuixigou Group of the Middle Jurassic ages. In this paper, we have systematically analyzed Pb isotopes and trace elements of 10 sandstone samples from the ore-bearing layer and 20 granitoid samples from the provenance area in the southern margin of the Tuha Basin and have calculated related parameters of Pb isotopes. The results show that the206 Pb/204 Pb, 207 Pb/204 Pb, and 208 Pb/204 Pb ratios of the granitoid and sandstone samples in the southern margin range from16.364 to19.216, from 15.482 to15.820, and from 37.184 to 39.082, respectively, with relatively large ranges of variation and characteristics of radioactive anomalous Pb. On the whole, the Pb is mainly sourced from the upper crust, with minor from the mantle. The granite and sandstone, which were pre-enriched in uranium, could have provided important uranium source for the later sandstone-type uranium mineralization in the area.
引文
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[12]张连昌,秦克章,英基丰,等.东天山土屋-延东斑岩铜矿带埃达克岩及其与成矿作用的关系[J].岩石学报,2004,20(2):259-268.
[13]周涛发,袁峰,张达玉,等.新疆东天山觉罗塔格地区花岗岩类年代学、构造背景及其成矿作用研究[J].岩石学报,2010,26(2):478-502.
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[18]周巧生,李占游.吐哈盆地西南缘地浸砂岩型铀矿地质特征及找矿前景[J].中国地质,2003,30(2):186-191.
[19]权建平,徐高中,李卫红,等.十红滩砂岩型铀矿床成矿控制因素与成矿模式研究[J].铀矿地质,2006,22(1):10-16.
[20]聂逢君,张成勇,姜美珠,等.吐哈盆地西南缘地区砂岩型铀矿含矿目的层沉积相与铀矿化[J].地球科学,2018,43(10):3584-3602.
[21]李华芹.新疆北部有色贵金属矿床成矿作用年代学[M].1998.1-264.
[22]刘汉彬,夏毓亮,林锦荣,等.吐哈盆地砂岩型铀矿U-Pb同位素地质特征[J].地球学报,2004,25(2):196-198.
[23]弓小平,杨兴科,陈强,等.东天山觉罗塔格金矿带构造变形与成矿预测[J].地球科学与环境学报,2004,26(2):6-10.
[24]陈郑辉,王登红,龚羽飞,等.新疆哈密镜儿泉伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床40Ar-39Ar年龄及其地质意义[J].矿床质,2006,25(4):470-476.
[25]陈富文,李华芹,陈毓川,等.东天山土屋-延东斑岩铜矿田成岩时代精确测定及其地质意义[J].地质学报,2005,79(2):256-261.
[26]李亚萍,孙桂华,李锦轶,等.吐哈盆地东缘泥盆纪花岗岩的确定及其地质意义[J].地质通报,2006,25(8):932-936.
[27]赵宏刚,苏锐,梁积伟,等.东天山觉罗塔格雅满苏花岗岩岩石学、地球化学特征及其板内构造意义[J].地质学报,2018,92(9):1780-1802.
[28]孙志远,龙灵利,王玉往,等.东天山寨北山铜矿区钠质火山岩年代学、地球化学特征及其成因[J].中国地质,2018,45(5):943-962.
[29]Zartman R E,Doe B R,Zartman R E.Plumbo tectonics;the model[J].Tectonophysics,1981,75(1):135-162.
[30]路远发.Geokit:一个用VBA构建的地球化学工具软件包[J].地球化学,2004,33(5):459-464.
[31]夏毓亮,刘汉彬.鄂尔多斯盆地东胜地区直罗组砂体铀的预富集与铀成矿[J].世界核地质科学,2005,22(4):187-191.
[32]Hamilton E I.Book Review:Principles of isotope geology[J].1978,14.
[33]Franklin J M,Roscoe S M,Loveridge W D.Lead isotope studies in superior and southern provinces[J].Bulletin of Geological Survey of Canada,1983,351:1-54.
[34]陈好寿.铅同位素测定矿石年龄的理论与方法[J].地质与勘探,1978,(7):11-22.
[35]朱炳泉,李献华,戴橦谟,等.地球科学中同位素体系理论与应用--兼论中国大陆壳幔演化[M].北京:科学出版社,1998.
[36]黄净白,黄世杰.中国铀资源区域成矿特征[J].铀矿地质,2005,21(3):129-138.
[37]刘红旭,颜丹平,何建国,等.阿齐山-雅满苏地区中-新生代构造隆升裂变径迹证据:兼论构造活动对核废选址场的意义[J].高校地质学报,2014,20(1):81-92.
[38]孙岳,陈正乐,王永,等.天山山脉中新生代差异隆升及其机制探讨[J].大地构造与成矿学,2016,40(2):335-343.
[2]吴伯林,贺建国,龚斌利,等.吐哈盆地西南缘新构造控矿规律及十红滩铀矿床外围成矿有利区预测[J].铀矿地质,2003,19(1):271-276.
[3]吴柏林.中国西北地区中新生代盆地砂岩型铀矿地质与成矿作用[D].西安:西北大学,2005.
[4]张金带,徐高中,林锦荣,等.中国北方6种新的砂岩型铀矿对铀资源潜力的提示[J].中国地质,2010,37(5):1434-1449.
[5]夏毓亮,林锦荣,刘汉斌,等.中国北方主要产铀盆地砂岩型铀成矿年代学研究[J].铀矿地质,2003,19(3):129-136.
[6]刘汉彬,夏毓亮,林锦荣,等.吐哈盆地砂岩型铀矿U-Pb同位素地质特征[J].地球学报,2004,25(2):196-198.
[7]张成勇,聂逢君,权建平,等.山间盆地砂岩型铀矿成矿物质来源研究-以吐哈盆地和二连盆地为例[J].东华理工大学报:自然科学版,2012,35(3):230-237.
[8]凌洪飞,徐士进,沈渭洲,等.格宗、东谷岩体Nd、Sr、Pb、O同位素特征及其与扬子板块边缘其它晋宁期花岗岩对比[J].岩石学报,1998,14(3):269-278.
[9]孙占学.相山铀矿田铀源的地球化学证据[J].矿物学报,2004,24(1):19-24.
[10]张宏飞,靳兰兰,张利,等.西秦岭花岗岩类地球化学和Pb-Sr-Nd同位素组成限制基底性质及其构造属性[J].中国科学(D辑),2005,35(10):914-926.
[11]Kaygusuz A,Arslan M,Siebel W.LA-ICPMS zircon dating,whole-rock and Sr-Nd-Pb-O isotope geochemistry of the Camiboazl pluton,Eastern Pontides,NE Turkey:implications for lithospheric mantle and lower crustal sources in arc-related I-type magmatism[J].Lithos,2014,192-195:271-290.
[12]张连昌,秦克章,英基丰,等.东天山土屋-延东斑岩铜矿带埃达克岩及其与成矿作用的关系[J].岩石学报,2004,20(2):259-268.
[13]周涛发,袁峰,张达玉,等.新疆东天山觉罗塔格地区花岗岩类年代学、构造背景及其成矿作用研究[J].岩石学报,2010,26(2):478-502.
[14]闵茂中,彭新建,王果,等.我国西北地区层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿床中铀的赋存形式[J].铀矿地质,2006,22(4):193-201.
[15]刘章月,秦明宽,何中波,等.新疆头屯河地区砂岩型铀矿第二成矿斜坡带的发现及其找矿意义[J].矿物学报,2015,35(S1):317.
[16]乔海明,宋哲.吐哈盆地十红滩铀矿床铀成矿过程中微生物-有机质相互作用研究[J].地质论评,2015,61(1):229-236.
[17]焦养泉,吕新彪,王正海,等.从沉积到成岩两种截然不同的地质环境:吐哈盆地砂岩型铀矿研究实例[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2004,29(5):615-620.
[18]周巧生,李占游.吐哈盆地西南缘地浸砂岩型铀矿地质特征及找矿前景[J].中国地质,2003,30(2):186-191.
[19]权建平,徐高中,李卫红,等.十红滩砂岩型铀矿床成矿控制因素与成矿模式研究[J].铀矿地质,2006,22(1):10-16.
[20]聂逢君,张成勇,姜美珠,等.吐哈盆地西南缘地区砂岩型铀矿含矿目的层沉积相与铀矿化[J].地球科学,2018,43(10):3584-3602.
[21]李华芹.新疆北部有色贵金属矿床成矿作用年代学[M].1998.1-264.
[22]刘汉彬,夏毓亮,林锦荣,等.吐哈盆地砂岩型铀矿U-Pb同位素地质特征[J].地球学报,2004,25(2):196-198.
[23]弓小平,杨兴科,陈强,等.东天山觉罗塔格金矿带构造变形与成矿预测[J].地球科学与环境学报,2004,26(2):6-10.
[24]陈郑辉,王登红,龚羽飞,等.新疆哈密镜儿泉伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床40Ar-39Ar年龄及其地质意义[J].矿床质,2006,25(4):470-476.
[25]陈富文,李华芹,陈毓川,等.东天山土屋-延东斑岩铜矿田成岩时代精确测定及其地质意义[J].地质学报,2005,79(2):256-261.
[26]李亚萍,孙桂华,李锦轶,等.吐哈盆地东缘泥盆纪花岗岩的确定及其地质意义[J].地质通报,2006,25(8):932-936.
[27]赵宏刚,苏锐,梁积伟,等.东天山觉罗塔格雅满苏花岗岩岩石学、地球化学特征及其板内构造意义[J].地质学报,2018,92(9):1780-1802.
[28]孙志远,龙灵利,王玉往,等.东天山寨北山铜矿区钠质火山岩年代学、地球化学特征及其成因[J].中国地质,2018,45(5):943-962.
[29]Zartman R E,Doe B R,Zartman R E.Plumbo tectonics;the model[J].Tectonophysics,1981,75(1):135-162.
[30]路远发.Geokit:一个用VBA构建的地球化学工具软件包[J].地球化学,2004,33(5):459-464.
[31]夏毓亮,刘汉彬.鄂尔多斯盆地东胜地区直罗组砂体铀的预富集与铀成矿[J].世界核地质科学,2005,22(4):187-191.
[32]Hamilton E I.Book Review:Principles of isotope geology[J].1978,14.
[33]Franklin J M,Roscoe S M,Loveridge W D.Lead isotope studies in superior and southern provinces[J].Bulletin of Geological Survey of Canada,1983,351:1-54.
[34]陈好寿.铅同位素测定矿石年龄的理论与方法[J].地质与勘探,1978,(7):11-22.
[35]朱炳泉,李献华,戴橦谟,等.地球科学中同位素体系理论与应用--兼论中国大陆壳幔演化[M].北京:科学出版社,1998.
[36]黄净白,黄世杰.中国铀资源区域成矿特征[J].铀矿地质,2005,21(3):129-138.
[37]刘红旭,颜丹平,何建国,等.阿齐山-雅满苏地区中-新生代构造隆升裂变径迹证据:兼论构造活动对核废选址场的意义[J].高校地质学报,2014,20(1):81-92.
[38]孙岳,陈正乐,王永,等.天山山脉中新生代差异隆升及其机制探讨[J].大地构造与成矿学,2016,40(2):335-343.