魔芋甘露寡糖对生长獭兔营养物质利用率、免疫器官指数及血清指标的影响研究
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摘要
通过饲喂添加不同水平魔芋甘露寡糖(konjac mannose oligosaccharide,KON-MOS)的饲粮,研究KON-MOS对生长獭兔营养物质利用率、免疫器官发育指数及相关血清指标的影响,为其在獭兔生产中的应用提供参考。选取120只42日龄左右,平均体重为(0.84±0.07) kg的健康白色獭兔,随机分成5组(每组24个重复,每个重复1只)分别饲喂在基础饲料中添加0(对照组)、50、100、150、200 mg/kg KON-MOS的试验饲粮。预试期7 d,试验期60 d。结果表明:①KON-MOS对生长獭兔对NDF和ADF的消化率无显著影响(P>0.05)。第Ⅴ组试验兔对CF的消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。第Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组试验兔对DM和CP的消化率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。第Ⅲ、Ⅳ组试验兔对GE的消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。②KON-MOS对生长獭兔的脾脏指数和胸腺指数均无显著影响(P>0.05),但各试验组两者均高于对照组。③KON-MOS对生长獭兔血清中总胆固醇、甘油三酯、葡萄糖、尿素、总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白含量以及白蛋白与球蛋白含量比均无显著影响(P>0.05)。④KON-MOS对生长獭兔血清中的IgG、IgM以及补体C4含量均无显著影响(P>0.05),但各试验组三者均高于对照组。综上所述,KON-MOS可促进生长獭兔对DM、CP、CF、GE等营养素的消化利用,同时能通过提高免疫器官指数以及免疫球蛋白和补体含量,增强獭兔的抗病能力。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of konjac mannose oligosaccharide supplemental level on nutrient digestibility, immune organ index and serum indices of growing rex rabbits.One hundred and twenty weanling rex rabbits with an average body weight of(0.84±0.07) kg were randomly assigned to 5 groups with 24 replicates in each group and each replicate contained 1 rabbit.Rabbits in the 5 groups were fed experimental diets containing 0(control group), 50, 100, 150 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg konjac mannose oligosaccharide respectively. There was a pretrial period of 7 days followed by an experimental period of 60 days. The results showed as follows: ① Dietary konjac mannose oligosaccharide level had no significant influence on the digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber(P>0.05). The digestibility of crude fiber in the group V was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05). The digestibility of dry matter and crude protein in the groupⅢ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). The digestibility of total energy in the group Ⅲ and Ⅳwere significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). ② Konjac mannose oligosaccharide had no significant influence on spleen index and thymus index(P>0.05), but experimental groups were higher than those in the control group.③Konjac mannose oligosaccharide had no significant influence on the content of serum total cholesterol,triglyceride, glucose, urea, total protein, albumin, globulin and albumin globulin ratio(P>0.05). ④Konjac mannose oligosaccharide had no significant influence on the content of IgG, IgM and complement C4 in serum(P>0.05), but experimental groups were higher than those in the control group. In conclusion, konjac mannose oligosaccharide promoted the digestion and utilization of nutrients and increased immune organ index, immunoglobulin and complement content.
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of konjac mannose oligosaccharide supplemental level on nutrient digestibility, immune organ index and serum indices of growing rex rabbits.One hundred and twenty weanling rex rabbits with an average body weight of(0.84±0.07) kg were randomly assigned to 5 groups with 24 replicates in each group and each replicate contained 1 rabbit.Rabbits in the 5 groups were fed experimental diets containing 0(control group), 50, 100, 150 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg konjac mannose oligosaccharide respectively. There was a pretrial period of 7 days followed by an experimental period of 60 days. The results showed as follows: ① Dietary konjac mannose oligosaccharide level had no significant influence on the digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber(P>0.05). The digestibility of crude fiber in the group V was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05). The digestibility of dry matter and crude protein in the groupⅢ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). The digestibility of total energy in the group Ⅲ and Ⅳwere significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). ② Konjac mannose oligosaccharide had no significant influence on spleen index and thymus index(P>0.05), but experimental groups were higher than those in the control group.③Konjac mannose oligosaccharide had no significant influence on the content of serum total cholesterol,triglyceride, glucose, urea, total protein, albumin, globulin and albumin globulin ratio(P>0.05). ④Konjac mannose oligosaccharide had no significant influence on the content of IgG, IgM and complement C4 in serum(P>0.05), but experimental groups were higher than those in the control group. In conclusion, konjac mannose oligosaccharide promoted the digestion and utilization of nutrients and increased immune organ index, immunoglobulin and complement content.
引文
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[5]Veronika H,Imre N.Mannan Oligosaccharides in Nursery Pig Nutrition and Their Potential Mode of Action[J].Animals An Open Access Journal from Mdpi,2012,2(2):261-274.
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[12]Dostal A M,Samavat H,Bedell S,et al.Effects of mannan oligosaccharide(MOS)supplementation on growth performance,feed utilisation,intestinal histology and gut microbiota of gilthea d sea bream(Sparus aurata)[J].Aquaculture,2010,300(1/4):182-188.
[13]Pinheiro V,Alves A,Mour?o J L,et al.Effect of mannan oligosaccharides on the ileal morphometry and cecal fermentation of growing rabbits[J].Proceedings of the 8th World Rabbit Congress,Pueblo,Mexico,2004:936-941.
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[15]Lazarova D L,Bordonaro M.Vimentin,colon cancer progression and resistance to butyrate and other HDACis[J].Journal of Cellular&Molecular Medicine,2016,20(6):989-993.
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[17]上官明军,王芳,张红岗,等.菊粉对蛋雏鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数和血清免疫球蛋白的影响[J].动物营养学报,2009,21(1):118-122.
[18]沈文康,张明军,赵宁芳,等.甘露寡糖对免疫低下小鼠免疫力的影响[J].湖南畜牧兽医,2015(4):13-15.
[19]牟晓玲,王宗伟,隋美霞,等.日粮营养素水平对东北肉鹅生长性能及血液生化指标的影响(29~56日龄)[J].核农学报,2009,23(5):898-903.
[20]李鹏,余群力,王存堂.对甘南耗牛血清生化指标的测定[J].山地农业生物学报,2007,26(4):362-364.
[21]宋永.甘露寡糖对肉鸭生产性能、血液生化指标和盲肠主要菌群的影响[D].保定:河北农业大学,2002:24-25.
[22]万丹,唐振华,夏中生,等.果寡糖和甘露寡糖对黄羽肉鸡种鸡生产性能、饲粮养分代谢率及血清生化指标的影响[J].饲料工业,2015,36(2):41-46.
[23]Gilliland S E,Nelson C R,Maxwell C.Assimilation of cholesterol by Lactobacillus acidophilus[J].Applied&Environmental Microbiology,1985,49(2):377-381.
[24]于艳梅.魔芋甘露寡糖对黄颡鱼的益生功能研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2010:28-29.
[25]Nochta I,Tuboly T,Halas V,et al.Effect of different levels of mannan oligosaccharide supplementation on some immunological variables in weaned piglets[J].Journal of Animal Physiology&Animal Nutrition,2009,93(4):496-504.
[26]Sharon N.Lectin-carbohydrate complexes of plants and animals:an atomic view[J].Trends in Biochemical Sciences,1993,18(6):221-226.
[27]王越.新型疫苗佐剂胞外UTP、UDP及甘露寡糖佐剂效应研究[D].北京:北京协和医学院中国医学科学院北京协和医学院清华大学医学部中国医学科学院,2013:42-48.
[28]曹婷婷.IgA、IgG和IgM分泌细胞在家兔胃肠道的分布规律及其与年龄的关系[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2016:13-18.
[29]金亚东,张力莉,陈绍淑,等.甘露寡糖添加方式对哺乳期犊牛生长性能、粪便菌群及血清免疫指标的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2016,43(11):2922-2930.
[30]高林.甘露寡糖对肉鸡免疫性能的影响[J].农业科技与装备,2015(4):56-58.
[31]Janeway C A.How the immune system recognizes invaders[J].Scientific American,1993,269(3):72-79.
[2]Ramirez-Hernandez A,Rupnow J,Hutkins R W.Adherence Reduction of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Strains to HEp-2 Cells by Mannan Oligosaccharides and a High-MolecularWeight Component of Cranberry Extract[J].Journal of Food Protection,2015,78(8):1496-1505.
[3]Dimitroglou A,Merrifield D L,Moate R,et al.Dietary mannan oligosaccharide supplementation modulates intestinal microbial ecology and improvesgut morphology of rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss(Walbaum)[J].Journal of Animal Science,2009,87(10)3226-3234.
[4]武威,郑云朵,贾丽楠,等.甘露寡糖对肉仔鸡早期生长性能及相关理化指标的影响[J].中国家禽,2017(1):34-37.
[5]Veronika H,Imre N.Mannan Oligosaccharides in Nursery Pig Nutrition and Their Potential Mode of Action[J].Animals An Open Access Journal from Mdpi,2012,2(2):261-274.
[6]Torrecillas S,Montero D,Caballero M J,et al.Effects of dietary concentrated mannan oligosaccharides supplementation on growth gut mucosal immune system and liver lipid metabolism of European sea bass(Dicentrarchus labrax)juveniles[J].Fish Shellfish Immunology,2015,42(2):508-516.
[7]NRC.Nutrient requirements of rabbits[S].Washington,D.C.:National Academy of Sciences,1997.
[8]谷子林.家兔饲料的配制与配方[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002.
[9]陈丹丹,谷子林,王圆圆,等.高粱和小麦对生长獭兔的营养价值评定[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(1):170-176.
[10]吴峰洋,陈宝江,李冲,等.饲粮魔芋甘露寡糖添加水平对生长獭兔生长性能、毛皮质量、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(4):1265-1271.
[11]Jahanian R,Ashnagar M.Effect of dietary supplementation of mannan oligosaccharides on performance,blood metabolites,ileal nutrient digestibility,and gut microflora in Escherichia colichallenged laying hens[J].Poultry Science,2015,94(9):2165-2172.
[12]Dostal A M,Samavat H,Bedell S,et al.Effects of mannan oligosaccharide(MOS)supplementation on growth performance,feed utilisation,intestinal histology and gut microbiota of gilthea d sea bream(Sparus aurata)[J].Aquaculture,2010,300(1/4):182-188.
[13]Pinheiro V,Alves A,Mour?o J L,et al.Effect of mannan oligosaccharides on the ileal morphometry and cecal fermentation of growing rabbits[J].Proceedings of the 8th World Rabbit Congress,Pueblo,Mexico,2004:936-941.
[14]Bovera F,Lestingi A,Marono S,et al.Effect of dietary mannan oligosaccharides on in vivo performance,nutrient digestibility and caecal content characteristics of growing rabbits[J].Journal of Animal Physiology&Animal Nutrition,2012,96(1):130-136.
[15]Lazarova D L,Bordonaro M.Vimentin,colon cancer progression and resistance to butyrate and other HDACis[J].Journal of Cellular&Molecular Medicine,2016,20(6):989-993.
[16]Che T M,Johnson R W,Kelley K W,et al.Effects of mannan oligosaccharide on cytokine secretions by porcine alveolar macrophages and serum cytokine concentrations in nursery pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2012,90(2):657-668.
[17]上官明军,王芳,张红岗,等.菊粉对蛋雏鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数和血清免疫球蛋白的影响[J].动物营养学报,2009,21(1):118-122.
[18]沈文康,张明军,赵宁芳,等.甘露寡糖对免疫低下小鼠免疫力的影响[J].湖南畜牧兽医,2015(4):13-15.
[19]牟晓玲,王宗伟,隋美霞,等.日粮营养素水平对东北肉鹅生长性能及血液生化指标的影响(29~56日龄)[J].核农学报,2009,23(5):898-903.
[20]李鹏,余群力,王存堂.对甘南耗牛血清生化指标的测定[J].山地农业生物学报,2007,26(4):362-364.
[21]宋永.甘露寡糖对肉鸭生产性能、血液生化指标和盲肠主要菌群的影响[D].保定:河北农业大学,2002:24-25.
[22]万丹,唐振华,夏中生,等.果寡糖和甘露寡糖对黄羽肉鸡种鸡生产性能、饲粮养分代谢率及血清生化指标的影响[J].饲料工业,2015,36(2):41-46.
[23]Gilliland S E,Nelson C R,Maxwell C.Assimilation of cholesterol by Lactobacillus acidophilus[J].Applied&Environmental Microbiology,1985,49(2):377-381.
[24]于艳梅.魔芋甘露寡糖对黄颡鱼的益生功能研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2010:28-29.
[25]Nochta I,Tuboly T,Halas V,et al.Effect of different levels of mannan oligosaccharide supplementation on some immunological variables in weaned piglets[J].Journal of Animal Physiology&Animal Nutrition,2009,93(4):496-504.
[26]Sharon N.Lectin-carbohydrate complexes of plants and animals:an atomic view[J].Trends in Biochemical Sciences,1993,18(6):221-226.
[27]王越.新型疫苗佐剂胞外UTP、UDP及甘露寡糖佐剂效应研究[D].北京:北京协和医学院中国医学科学院北京协和医学院清华大学医学部中国医学科学院,2013:42-48.
[28]曹婷婷.IgA、IgG和IgM分泌细胞在家兔胃肠道的分布规律及其与年龄的关系[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2016:13-18.
[29]金亚东,张力莉,陈绍淑,等.甘露寡糖添加方式对哺乳期犊牛生长性能、粪便菌群及血清免疫指标的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2016,43(11):2922-2930.
[30]高林.甘露寡糖对肉鸡免疫性能的影响[J].农业科技与装备,2015(4):56-58.
[31]Janeway C A.How the immune system recognizes invaders[J].Scientific American,1993,269(3):72-79.