区域农业水土资源利用分区指标体系建设方案——以西北旱区为例
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摘要
针对现有的农业水土资源利用评价中将农业水、土资源视为独立系统分别进行研究容易导致无法正确评价区域水土资源匹配状况的问题,文章以西北旱区为例,将农业水、土资源作为一个整体系统,以区划方法和地带性分异规律为指导,在充分考虑水土资源生态与环境现状、管理及趋势的基础上,分析确定分区目标、分区单元、指标选取原则的基础上,以县域作为基本分区单元,提出了一套从大尺度、中等尺度到小尺度,由目标层、准则层、因素层、元素层组成的等级嵌套的农业水土资源利用分区指标体系,并对西北旱区一级分区指标进行了信度分析与制图实践。结果表明,标准化后的数据具有相当好的可信度,该指标体系能较为全面地反映不同尺度西北旱区农业水土资源利用系统的空间分异特征、时空量比关系和需求状况,具有良好的普适性,可为较大尺度范围内开展区域农业水土资源利用分区提供指标方法,也对农业水土资源的充分利用提供分区指导。
In current studies it is hard to make correct evaluation on the agricultural land and water resources utilization if taking land resource and water resource system as two separate systems. Therefore,quantifying and understanding the coupling development status of this system is crucial to promote a healthy environment for agricultural land and water resources utilization. Taking northwest China as an example,this paper established a regionalization index system of agricultural land resource and water resource system based on the regionalization method and the zonal differentiation rule. It covered four top- down structured hierarchical levels: target layer,criteria layer,factor layer and the element layer. Subsequently,reliability analysis for the 1st- level indicators value was conducted. The results showed that the full- scale index system can reflect the basic natural similarity and disparity of agriculture systems at the microscopic scale,regional resources attributes and efficient utilization characteristic at the medium scale,and the impact of human activities on agricultural land and water resources at the macroscopic scale. Furthermore,the index system can comprehensively reflect various influences of indicators in different scales,such as the spatial differentiation,spatio- temporal quantity ratio,and supply- demand relationship. Simultaneously,it had very good credibility when the original index value was standardized. It demonstrated that the regionalization index system of agricultural land and water resources utilization was comprehensive,concise and applicable,which can be used to reliably assess the local agricultural land and water resources utilization at large- scale level,such as the northwest arid area. It can provide scientific basis and reference for further regionalization studies.
In current studies it is hard to make correct evaluation on the agricultural land and water resources utilization if taking land resource and water resource system as two separate systems. Therefore,quantifying and understanding the coupling development status of this system is crucial to promote a healthy environment for agricultural land and water resources utilization. Taking northwest China as an example,this paper established a regionalization index system of agricultural land resource and water resource system based on the regionalization method and the zonal differentiation rule. It covered four top- down structured hierarchical levels: target layer,criteria layer,factor layer and the element layer. Subsequently,reliability analysis for the 1st- level indicators value was conducted. The results showed that the full- scale index system can reflect the basic natural similarity and disparity of agriculture systems at the microscopic scale,regional resources attributes and efficient utilization characteristic at the medium scale,and the impact of human activities on agricultural land and water resources at the macroscopic scale. Furthermore,the index system can comprehensively reflect various influences of indicators in different scales,such as the spatial differentiation,spatio- temporal quantity ratio,and supply- demand relationship. Simultaneously,it had very good credibility when the original index value was standardized. It demonstrated that the regionalization index system of agricultural land and water resources utilization was comprehensive,concise and applicable,which can be used to reliably assess the local agricultural land and water resources utilization at large- scale level,such as the northwest arid area. It can provide scientific basis and reference for further regionalization studies.
引文
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[24]王位泰.甘肃陇东胡麻生态气候适生种植区划.中国农业资源与区划,2003,24(1):45~48
[25]王志录,吴文辉,吴巧娟,等.甘肃陇南党参生态气候适生种植区划.中国农业资源与区划,2005,27(3):32~35
[26]李迎春,谢国辉,李新建,等.基于GIS的新疆阿克苏地区棉花区划.中国农业气象,2007,28(4):450~452
[27]王海江,崔静,陈彦,等.基于模糊聚类的棉田土壤养分管理分区研究.棉花学报,2010,22(4):339~346
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[30]Omernik J.M.,Bailey R.G.Distinguishing between watersheds and ecoregions.Journal of the American Water Resources Association,1997,33(5):935~949
[31]Omernik J.M.The misuse of hydrologic unit maps for extrapolation,reporting,and ecosystem management.Journal of the American Water Resources Association,2003,39(3):563~573
[32]高江波,黄姣,李双成,等.中国自然地理区划研究的新进展与发展趋势.地理科学进展,2010,29(11):1400~1407
[33]傅伯杰,刘国华,陈利顶,等.中国生态区划方案.生态学报,2001,21(1):1~6
[34]南纪琴,王景雷,陶国通,等.西北旱区农业水土资源匹配格局研究.灌溉排水学报,2015,34(5):41~45
[35]陈百明.区域土地可持续利用指标体系框架的构建与评价.地理科学进展,2002,21(3):204~215
[36]余建英,何旭宏.数据统计分析与SPSS应用.北京:人民邮电出版社,2003
[37]De Vellis R.F.Scale development:theory and applications.CA,Newbury Park:Sage,1991
[38]彭胜民.区域水土资源系统分析及粮食增产潜力研究.大庆:黑龙江八一农垦大学,2010
[2]Xu Y.Q.,Mo X.G.,Cai Y.L.Analysis on ground water table drawdown by landuse and the quest for sustainable water use in the Hebei Plain in China.Agricultural Water Management,2005,75:38~53
[3]Sawaya K.,Olmanson L.,Heinert N.,et al.Extending satellite remote sensing to local scales:land and water resource monitoring using highresolution imagery.Remote Sensing of Environment,2003,88:144~156
[4]Carter N.,Kreutzwiser R.,de Lo R.Closing the circle:linking land use Planning and water management at the local level.land Use Policy,2005,22:115~127
[5]冯耀龙,韩文秀,王宏江,等.面向可持续发展的区域水资源优化配置研究.系统工程理论与实践,2003,(3):133~138
[6]孙小银,周启星.中国水生态分区初探.环境科学学报,2010,30(2):415~423
[7]刘恒,耿雷华,陈晓燕.区域水资源可持续利用评价指标体系的建立.水科学进展,2003,14(3):265~270
[8]刘彦随,甘红,张富刚.中国东北地区农业水土资源匹配格局.地理学报,2006,61(8):847~854
[9]王水献,杨鹏年,董新光,等.内陆河流域绿洲灌区盐碱地改良分区.节水灌溉,2008,(3):5~8
[10]李默,李晓东,马爱慧.基于SPSS的新疆土地利用分区.资源与产业,2006,8(4):59~62
[11]潘竟虎,刘扬,石培基.基于主成分分析和GIS的统筹市域土地利用分区研究.土壤,2011,43(4):637~643
[12]李乔,唐景新.干旱绿洲区土地利用分区理论与方法研究.干旱区研究,1998,15(3):60~64
[13]王晓愚,迟道才,张志新.新疆灌溉用水定额分区初步研究.沈阳农业大学学报,2004,35(3):263~266
[14]赵宝君.内蒙古水文分区及分区原则.内蒙古农业大学学报,2008,39(1):125~129
[15]蔡燕,鱼京善,王会肖,等.黄河流域生态水文分区及优先保护级别.生态学报,2010,30(15):4213~4220
[16]任春涛,李畅游,彭芳,等.基于模糊ISODATA技术和模糊模式识别方法的水环境分区研究.中国农村水利水电,2007,(3):10~12
[17]何英,郭玉川,姜卉芳.基于模糊—动态聚类法的新疆节水区划探讨.节水灌溉,2009,(2):5~10
[18]周华,杜历,周伟国,等.宁夏河套灌区农业节水分区与模式.节水灌溉,2005,(2):45~46
[19]邓依萍,刘涛.新疆节水农业区划及分区对策研究.节水灌溉,2008,(10):8~11
[20]王晓愚,李占斌,迟道才,等.新疆农业节水分区指标体系与方法.西安理工大学学报,2008,24(1):89~93
[21]牛叔文,张馨,董建梅,等.基于主体功能分区的空间分析.经济地理,2010,30(5):732~737
[22]米文宝,余晓霞.西北地区主体功能区划方法研究.宁夏大学学报(自然科学版),2009,30(4):391~396
[23]王俊杰,王娟娥,方金.构建资源节约型农业综合评价指标体系研究——以山东省为例.中国农业资源与区划,2014,35(4):41~48
[24]王位泰.甘肃陇东胡麻生态气候适生种植区划.中国农业资源与区划,2003,24(1):45~48
[25]王志录,吴文辉,吴巧娟,等.甘肃陇南党参生态气候适生种植区划.中国农业资源与区划,2005,27(3):32~35
[26]李迎春,谢国辉,李新建,等.基于GIS的新疆阿克苏地区棉花区划.中国农业气象,2007,28(4):450~452
[27]王海江,崔静,陈彦,等.基于模糊聚类的棉田土壤养分管理分区研究.棉花学报,2010,22(4):339~346
[28]Abell R.,Thieme M.L.,Revenga C.,et al.Freshwater ecoregions of the world:A new map of biogeographic units for freshwater biodiversity conservation.Bioscience,2008,58(5):403~414
[29]Perez-Losada M.,Bond-Buckup G.,Jara C.G.,et al.Conservation assessment of Southern South American freshwater ecoregions on the basis of the distribution and genetic diversity of crabs from the genus aegla.Conservation Biology,2009,23(3):692~702
[30]Omernik J.M.,Bailey R.G.Distinguishing between watersheds and ecoregions.Journal of the American Water Resources Association,1997,33(5):935~949
[31]Omernik J.M.The misuse of hydrologic unit maps for extrapolation,reporting,and ecosystem management.Journal of the American Water Resources Association,2003,39(3):563~573
[32]高江波,黄姣,李双成,等.中国自然地理区划研究的新进展与发展趋势.地理科学进展,2010,29(11):1400~1407
[33]傅伯杰,刘国华,陈利顶,等.中国生态区划方案.生态学报,2001,21(1):1~6
[34]南纪琴,王景雷,陶国通,等.西北旱区农业水土资源匹配格局研究.灌溉排水学报,2015,34(5):41~45
[35]陈百明.区域土地可持续利用指标体系框架的构建与评价.地理科学进展,2002,21(3):204~215
[36]余建英,何旭宏.数据统计分析与SPSS应用.北京:人民邮电出版社,2003
[37]De Vellis R.F.Scale development:theory and applications.CA,Newbury Park:Sage,1991
[38]彭胜民.区域水土资源系统分析及粮食增产潜力研究.大庆:黑龙江八一农垦大学,2010