部分地区荞麦食品中黄曲霉毒素AFB_1、AFB_2、AFG_1、AFG_2的污染评价
|
摘要
目的:了解6个地区6个类型荞麦食品中黄曲霉毒素AFB_1、AFB_2、AFG_1、AFG_2的污染状况。方法:采用柱前衍生高效液相色谱法对2016年沿海地区、西南地区、华中地区、华北地区、东北地区、西北地区6个地区的荞麦种子、米、粉、茶、面、饭6个类型的荞麦食品中黄曲霉毒素AFB_1、AFB_2、AFG_1、AFG_2含量进行测定,通过统计分析后进行评价。结果:6个地区荞麦食品中总的黄曲霉毒素的检出率为34.92%,最高为26.8μg/kg,其中主要是AFB_1和AFG_1的污染严重,AFB_1的阳性率为14.29%,AFG_1的阳性率为17.46%,根据美国食品药品监督管理局对黄曲霉毒素在食品中的残留限量规定,总的黄曲霉毒素超标率为3.17%。方差分析:不同类型的荞麦食品对AFB_1含量有极显著影响,并且荞麦面比其他类型的荞麦食品AFB_1更容易超标。收成月平均温度对AFB_1含量有极显著影响(p<0.01),收成月平均温度越高,AFB_1含量越高。AFB_1与AFG_1呈极显著正相关(p<0.01)。结论:荞麦食品受到黄曲霉毒素污染,但污染程度较轻,并且黄曲霉毒素AFB_1污染受到收成月温度影响,AFB_1污染的增加同时也常常伴随着AFG_1污染的增加。
Objective:To understand the status on aflatoxin contamination in buckwheat food. Methods:The contents of aflatoxin including AFB_1,AFB_2,AFG_1 and AFG_2 in six types of buckwheat foods in 2016 including seeds,rice,flour,tea,noodles and cooked rice from coastal,southwestern,central,northern,northeastern and northwestern regions of China were investigated and evaluated by statistical analysis. Results:The relevance ratio of aflatoxin in six types ofbuckwheat foods in six areas was 34.92%,with the highest contents of 26.8 μg/kg,which was mainly AFB_1 and AFG_1 pollution,the positive rate of AFB_1 was 14.29%,and the positive rate of AFG_1 was 17.46%. According to the U.S.Food and Drug Administration on the residue of aflatoxin in food limited the general provisions of aflatoxin,there was the over standard rate of 3.17%. The results of variance analysis showed that different types of buckwheat foods had a low effect on the contents of aflatoxins. Average temperature in harvest month had an obvious effect on AFB_1 content,the higher average temperature in harvest month and the higher contents of AFB_1.There was significant positive correlation between AFB_1 and AFG_1. Conclusion:Buckwheat foods were contaminated with aflatoxin at a lesser level,and aflatoxin AFB_1 pollution was affected by the monthly temperature of the harvest season. The increasing in AFB_1 pollution was also often accompanied by an increasing in AFG_1 pollution.
Objective:To understand the status on aflatoxin contamination in buckwheat food. Methods:The contents of aflatoxin including AFB_1,AFB_2,AFG_1 and AFG_2 in six types of buckwheat foods in 2016 including seeds,rice,flour,tea,noodles and cooked rice from coastal,southwestern,central,northern,northeastern and northwestern regions of China were investigated and evaluated by statistical analysis. Results:The relevance ratio of aflatoxin in six types ofbuckwheat foods in six areas was 34.92%,with the highest contents of 26.8 μg/kg,which was mainly AFB_1 and AFG_1 pollution,the positive rate of AFB_1 was 14.29%,and the positive rate of AFG_1 was 17.46%. According to the U.S.Food and Drug Administration on the residue of aflatoxin in food limited the general provisions of aflatoxin,there was the over standard rate of 3.17%. The results of variance analysis showed that different types of buckwheat foods had a low effect on the contents of aflatoxins. Average temperature in harvest month had an obvious effect on AFB_1 content,the higher average temperature in harvest month and the higher contents of AFB_1.There was significant positive correlation between AFB_1 and AFG_1. Conclusion:Buckwheat foods were contaminated with aflatoxin at a lesser level,and aflatoxin AFB_1 pollution was affected by the monthly temperature of the harvest season. The increasing in AFB_1 pollution was also often accompanied by an increasing in AFG_1 pollution.
引文
[1]罗自生,秦雨,徐艳群,等.黄曲霉毒素的生物合成、代谢和毒性研究进展[J].食品科学,2015,36(3):250-257.
[2]Klich M A.Aspergillus flavus:The major producer of aflatoxin[J].Molecular Plant Pathology,2007,8(6):713-722.
[3]王婧莹,王琢,闫培生.黄曲霉毒素的脱毒研究进展[J].中国农业科技导报,2019(4):42-51.
[4]马海华,张元,甄彤,等.电化学生物传感器在黄曲霉毒素检测中的研究进展[J].中国粮油学报,2016,31(2):132-140.
[5]Matumba L,Sulyok M,Njoroge S M C,et al.Uncommon occurrence ratios of aflatoxin AFB1,AFB2,AFG1,and AFG2 in maize and groundnuts from Malawi[J].Mycotoxin Research,2015,31(1):57-62.
[6]Sartori,André Victor,Juliana S D M,et al.Determination of aflatoxins M1,M2,AFB1,AFB2,AFG1,and AFG2 and ochratoxin A in UHT and powdered milk by modified QuEChERS method and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry[J].Food Analytical Methods,2015,8(9):2321-2330.
[7]沈青山,周威,莫海珍,等.黄曲霉毒素污染控制的研究进展[J].食品科学,2016,37(9):237-243.
[8]龚阿琼,邓娟娟,郑豆豆,等.2018年上半年原料及饲料毒素检测分析[J].中国饲料,2018(17):90-92.
[9]王庆峰,王岩,柴竹林.黄曲霉毒素在粮食和食品中的危害及防治措施研究[J].食品安全导刊,2015(8):52.
[10]张萍,彭西甜,冯钰锜.食品中黄曲霉毒素检测的样品前处理技术研究进展[J].分析科学学报,2018,34(2):274-280.
[11]GB 5009.22-2016 食品安全国家标准食品中黄曲霉毒素B族和G族的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
[12]高秀芬,荫士安,张宏元,等.中国部分地区玉米中4种黄曲霉毒素污染调查[J].卫生研究,2011,40(1):46-47.
[13]范蓓,李庆鹏,哈益明.关注黄曲霉毒素国内外限量标准,完善食品安全保障措施[J].食品工业科技,2010,31(12):26-27.
[14]GB 2761-2017 食品安全国家标准食品中真菌毒素限量[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[15]王明亮.关于中国学术期刊标准化数据库系统工程的进展[EB/OL].1998-08-16.http://www.caicd.edu.cn/pub/wml.txt/980810-2.html.
[16]杨世亚,邱景富.食品中真菌毒素的污染状况与检测方法研究进展[J].现代预防医学,2012,39(22):5897-5900.
[17]王君,刘秀梅.部分市售食品中总黄曲霉毒素污染的监测结果[J].中华预防医学杂志,2006(1):33-37.
[18]黄湘东,龙朝阳,梁春穗,等.广东省市售大米、花生及其制品中黄曲霉毒素污染水平调查[J].华南预防医学,2007(3):62-63.
[19]王君,刘秀梅.中国人群黄曲霉毒素膳食暴露量评估[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2007(3):238-240.
[20]张玲玲,杨彩梅,张旭,等.微生物降解黄曲霉毒素的研究进展[J].饲料博览,2015(7):18-21.
[21]陈军,赵立.含水量对玉米粉贮藏过程中黄曲霉生长及黄曲霉毒素积累的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2013,52(17):4192-4193.
[22]刘冬梅,曹成,俎建英,等.不同贮藏条件下花生中黄曲霉毒素变化趋势[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2016,7(5):1920-1923.
[23]Abrar M,Anjum F M,Butt M S,et al.Aflatoxins:Biosynthesis,occurrence,toxicity,and remedies[J].Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition,2013,53(8):862-874.
[24]王君,刘秀梅.中国人群黄曲霉毒素膳食暴露量评估[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2007(3):238-240.
[2]Klich M A.Aspergillus flavus:The major producer of aflatoxin[J].Molecular Plant Pathology,2007,8(6):713-722.
[3]王婧莹,王琢,闫培生.黄曲霉毒素的脱毒研究进展[J].中国农业科技导报,2019(4):42-51.
[4]马海华,张元,甄彤,等.电化学生物传感器在黄曲霉毒素检测中的研究进展[J].中国粮油学报,2016,31(2):132-140.
[5]Matumba L,Sulyok M,Njoroge S M C,et al.Uncommon occurrence ratios of aflatoxin AFB1,AFB2,AFG1,and AFG2 in maize and groundnuts from Malawi[J].Mycotoxin Research,2015,31(1):57-62.
[6]Sartori,André Victor,Juliana S D M,et al.Determination of aflatoxins M1,M2,AFB1,AFB2,AFG1,and AFG2 and ochratoxin A in UHT and powdered milk by modified QuEChERS method and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry[J].Food Analytical Methods,2015,8(9):2321-2330.
[7]沈青山,周威,莫海珍,等.黄曲霉毒素污染控制的研究进展[J].食品科学,2016,37(9):237-243.
[8]龚阿琼,邓娟娟,郑豆豆,等.2018年上半年原料及饲料毒素检测分析[J].中国饲料,2018(17):90-92.
[9]王庆峰,王岩,柴竹林.黄曲霉毒素在粮食和食品中的危害及防治措施研究[J].食品安全导刊,2015(8):52.
[10]张萍,彭西甜,冯钰锜.食品中黄曲霉毒素检测的样品前处理技术研究进展[J].分析科学学报,2018,34(2):274-280.
[11]GB 5009.22-2016 食品安全国家标准食品中黄曲霉毒素B族和G族的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
[12]高秀芬,荫士安,张宏元,等.中国部分地区玉米中4种黄曲霉毒素污染调查[J].卫生研究,2011,40(1):46-47.
[13]范蓓,李庆鹏,哈益明.关注黄曲霉毒素国内外限量标准,完善食品安全保障措施[J].食品工业科技,2010,31(12):26-27.
[14]GB 2761-2017 食品安全国家标准食品中真菌毒素限量[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[15]王明亮.关于中国学术期刊标准化数据库系统工程的进展[EB/OL].1998-08-16.http://www.caicd.edu.cn/pub/wml.txt/980810-2.html.
[16]杨世亚,邱景富.食品中真菌毒素的污染状况与检测方法研究进展[J].现代预防医学,2012,39(22):5897-5900.
[17]王君,刘秀梅.部分市售食品中总黄曲霉毒素污染的监测结果[J].中华预防医学杂志,2006(1):33-37.
[18]黄湘东,龙朝阳,梁春穗,等.广东省市售大米、花生及其制品中黄曲霉毒素污染水平调查[J].华南预防医学,2007(3):62-63.
[19]王君,刘秀梅.中国人群黄曲霉毒素膳食暴露量评估[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2007(3):238-240.
[20]张玲玲,杨彩梅,张旭,等.微生物降解黄曲霉毒素的研究进展[J].饲料博览,2015(7):18-21.
[21]陈军,赵立.含水量对玉米粉贮藏过程中黄曲霉生长及黄曲霉毒素积累的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2013,52(17):4192-4193.
[22]刘冬梅,曹成,俎建英,等.不同贮藏条件下花生中黄曲霉毒素变化趋势[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2016,7(5):1920-1923.
[23]Abrar M,Anjum F M,Butt M S,et al.Aflatoxins:Biosynthesis,occurrence,toxicity,and remedies[J].Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition,2013,53(8):862-874.
[24]王君,刘秀梅.中国人群黄曲霉毒素膳食暴露量评估[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2007(3):238-240.