车前叶蓝蓟籽油提取方法和溶剂的优化
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摘要
本研究应用了加压液体萃取(pressurized liquid extraction, PLE)、微波辅助萃取(microwave assisted extraction, MAE)和超声辅助萃取(ultrasound assisted extraction, UAE)三种现代提取技术对车前叶蓝蓟籽油进行提取,并对乙酸乙酯、乙醇、水及其混合液作为溶剂的萃取条件进行了优化,以实现作为正己烷的替代绿色萃取溶剂。本研究表明,乙醇是一种作为车前叶蓝蓟籽油提取的非常有优势的绿色提取溶剂。PLE提取产量最高(32.1%),但温度也相对较高,可能导致部分不稳定化合物热降解。UAE (29.8%)的主要特点是在温和条件下进行的,低温(60℃)允许使用UAE作为热不稳定化合物的提取。另一方面,无论是开放系统(22.6%)还是封闭系统(24.9%),MAE都显示出所有测试技术的最低产油量。然而,MAE的优势主要是节省时间,并且可以每隔几分钟可重复进行一次快速有效的萃取。
Three modern extraction technologies, namely pressurized fluid extraction(PLE), microwave-assisted extraction(MAE) and ultrasonic assisted extraction(UAE), were used in this study for seed oil extraction of Echium plantagineum L.. In order to realize the alternative green extraction solvent as n-hexane, the extraction conditions of ethyl acetate, ethanol, water, and their mixtures as solvents were optimized. The results showed that ethanol is a very advantageous green extraction solvent for the extraction of seed oil of Echium plantagineum. The highest yield of PLE extraction(32.1%), but the relatively high temperature, may lead to thermal degradation of some unstable compounds. The main feature of UAE(29.8%) was performed under mild conditions, and low temperature(60℃) allowed the use of UAE as the extraction of thermally unstable compounds. On the other hand,MAE showed the lowest production of all test technologies, whether it was open system(22.6%) or close system(24.9%). However, the main advantage of MAE would be time-saving and could be repeated once every few minutes for a quick and efficient extraction.
Three modern extraction technologies, namely pressurized fluid extraction(PLE), microwave-assisted extraction(MAE) and ultrasonic assisted extraction(UAE), were used in this study for seed oil extraction of Echium plantagineum L.. In order to realize the alternative green extraction solvent as n-hexane, the extraction conditions of ethyl acetate, ethanol, water, and their mixtures as solvents were optimized. The results showed that ethanol is a very advantageous green extraction solvent for the extraction of seed oil of Echium plantagineum. The highest yield of PLE extraction(32.1%), but the relatively high temperature, may lead to thermal degradation of some unstable compounds. The main feature of UAE(29.8%) was performed under mild conditions, and low temperature(60℃) allowed the use of UAE as the extraction of thermally unstable compounds. On the other hand,MAE showed the lowest production of all test technologies, whether it was open system(22.6%) or close system(24.9%). However, the main advantage of MAE would be time-saving and could be repeated once every few minutes for a quick and efficient extraction.
引文
Castejón N.,Luna P.,and Senoránsns F.J.,2018,Alternative oil extraction methods from Echium plantagineum L.seeds using advanced techniques and green solvents,Food Chemistry,244:75-82
Castejón N.,Luna P.,and Senoráns F.J.,2017,Ultrasonic removal of mucilage for pressurized liquid extraction of omega-3 rich oil from chia seeds(Salvia hispanica L.),J.Agric.Food Chem.,65(12):2572
Chemat F.,Rombaut N.,Meullemiestre A.,Turk M.,Perino S.,and Fabiano-Tixier A.S.,2017,Review of green food processing techniques,preservation,transformation,and extraction,Innovative Food Science&Emerging Technologies,41:357-377
Chen X.B.,Shi X.M.,Zhao S.N.,Zhou X.J.,Cao Y.P.,and Jiang Y.M.,2013,Progress of squalene extraction from vegetable oils,Zhongguo Youzhi(China Oils&Fats),38(11):72-75(陈学兵,史宣明,赵抒娜,周学晋,曹玉平,蒋一鸣,2013,植物油中提取角鲨烯的研究进展,中国油脂,38(11):72-75)
Comunian T.A.,Boillon M.,Thomazini M.,Nogueira M.S.,De I.C.,and Favarotrindade C.S.,2016,Protection of echium oil by microencapsulation with phenolic compounds,Food Res.Int.,88(Pt A):114-121
Delfan-Hosseini S.,Nayebzadeh K.,Mirmoghtadaie L.,Kavosi M.,and Hosseini S.M.,2017,Effect of extraction process on composition,oxidative stability and rheological properties of purslane seed oil,Food Chem.,222:61-66
Eskilsson C.S.,and Bjorklund E.,2000,Analytical-scale microwave-assisted extraction,J.Chromatogr.A.,902(1):227-250
Ibanez E.,KubátováA.,Senoráns F.J.,Cavero S.,Reglero G.,and Hawthorne S.B.,2003,Subcritical water extraction of antioxidant compounds from rosemary plants,Journal of A-gricultural&Food Chemistry,51(2):375-82
Li Y.,Fabiano-Tixier A.S.,Vian M.A.,and Chemat F.,2013Solvent free microwave extraction of bioactive compounds provides a tool for green analytical chemistry,TcAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry,47(6):1-11
Liu H.P.,and Yang S.P.,2006,Application of pressurized liquid extraction in the analysis of biological materials,Hebe Beifang Xueyuan Xuebao(Journal of Hebei North University),22(5):61-66(刘海萍,杨素萍,2006,加压液体萃取技术在生物样品分析中的应用,河北北方学院学报(自然科学版),22(5):61-66)
Roso R.,Nunes U.R.,Paranhos J.T.,Müller C.A.,Fernandes T.S.,and Ludwig E.J.,2017,Germination of Echium plantagineum L.seeds submitted to dormancy overcoming and variations in temperature,light and depth of sowing,J.Seed Sci.,39(3):262-271
Samaram S.,Mirhosseini H.,Tan C.P.,Ghazali H.M.,Bordbar S.,and Serjouie A.,2015,Optimisation of ultrasound-assisted extraction of oil from papaya seed by response surface methodology:oil recovery,radical scavenging antioxidant activity,and oxidation stability,Food Chem.,172:7-17
Senoráns F.J.,and Luna P.,2012,4.10-sample preparation techniques for the determination of fats in food,Comprehensive Sampling&Sample Preparation,4:203-211
Sousa C.,Andrade P.B.,and Valentao P.,2016,Relationships of Echium plantagineum L.bee pollen,dietary flavonoids and their colonic metabolites with cytochrome p450 enzymes and oxidative stress,Rsc.Advances,6(8):6084-6092
Castejón N.,Luna P.,and Senoráns F.J.,2017,Ultrasonic removal of mucilage for pressurized liquid extraction of omega-3 rich oil from chia seeds(Salvia hispanica L.),J.Agric.Food Chem.,65(12):2572
Chemat F.,Rombaut N.,Meullemiestre A.,Turk M.,Perino S.,and Fabiano-Tixier A.S.,2017,Review of green food processing techniques,preservation,transformation,and extraction,Innovative Food Science&Emerging Technologies,41:357-377
Chen X.B.,Shi X.M.,Zhao S.N.,Zhou X.J.,Cao Y.P.,and Jiang Y.M.,2013,Progress of squalene extraction from vegetable oils,Zhongguo Youzhi(China Oils&Fats),38(11):72-75(陈学兵,史宣明,赵抒娜,周学晋,曹玉平,蒋一鸣,2013,植物油中提取角鲨烯的研究进展,中国油脂,38(11):72-75)
Comunian T.A.,Boillon M.,Thomazini M.,Nogueira M.S.,De I.C.,and Favarotrindade C.S.,2016,Protection of echium oil by microencapsulation with phenolic compounds,Food Res.Int.,88(Pt A):114-121
Delfan-Hosseini S.,Nayebzadeh K.,Mirmoghtadaie L.,Kavosi M.,and Hosseini S.M.,2017,Effect of extraction process on composition,oxidative stability and rheological properties of purslane seed oil,Food Chem.,222:61-66
Eskilsson C.S.,and Bjorklund E.,2000,Analytical-scale microwave-assisted extraction,J.Chromatogr.A.,902(1):227-250
Ibanez E.,KubátováA.,Senoráns F.J.,Cavero S.,Reglero G.,and Hawthorne S.B.,2003,Subcritical water extraction of antioxidant compounds from rosemary plants,Journal of A-gricultural&Food Chemistry,51(2):375-82
Li Y.,Fabiano-Tixier A.S.,Vian M.A.,and Chemat F.,2013Solvent free microwave extraction of bioactive compounds provides a tool for green analytical chemistry,TcAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry,47(6):1-11
Liu H.P.,and Yang S.P.,2006,Application of pressurized liquid extraction in the analysis of biological materials,Hebe Beifang Xueyuan Xuebao(Journal of Hebei North University),22(5):61-66(刘海萍,杨素萍,2006,加压液体萃取技术在生物样品分析中的应用,河北北方学院学报(自然科学版),22(5):61-66)
Roso R.,Nunes U.R.,Paranhos J.T.,Müller C.A.,Fernandes T.S.,and Ludwig E.J.,2017,Germination of Echium plantagineum L.seeds submitted to dormancy overcoming and variations in temperature,light and depth of sowing,J.Seed Sci.,39(3):262-271
Samaram S.,Mirhosseini H.,Tan C.P.,Ghazali H.M.,Bordbar S.,and Serjouie A.,2015,Optimisation of ultrasound-assisted extraction of oil from papaya seed by response surface methodology:oil recovery,radical scavenging antioxidant activity,and oxidation stability,Food Chem.,172:7-17
Senoráns F.J.,and Luna P.,2012,4.10-sample preparation techniques for the determination of fats in food,Comprehensive Sampling&Sample Preparation,4:203-211
Sousa C.,Andrade P.B.,and Valentao P.,2016,Relationships of Echium plantagineum L.bee pollen,dietary flavonoids and their colonic metabolites with cytochrome p450 enzymes and oxidative stress,Rsc.Advances,6(8):6084-6092