2010-2017年河北省井陉县法定传染病疫情分析
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摘要
目的了解井陉县2010-2017年法定传染病的流行特征和变化趋势,为制定传染病防控策略提供科学有效的依据。方法运用描述性流行病学理论对2010-2017年传染病疫情资料进行整理分析。结果 2010-2017年井陉县法定传染病累计报告20种12 159例,年均发病率474. 47/10万,无甲类传染病病例。乙类传染病中发病数位居前3位的依次为病毒性肝炎、肺结核、痢疾,丙类传染病中发病数位居前3位的依次为其他感染性腹泻病、手足口病、流行性腮腺炎。传染病按传播途径分类:肠道传染病病例5 893例,年均发病率229. 96/10万,占48. 48%;血源及性传播传染病病例3 382例,年均发病率131. 97/10万,占27. 81%;呼吸道传染病病例2 714例,年均发病率105. 91/10万,占22. 32%;自然疫源及虫媒传染病病例169例,年均发病率6. 59/10万,占1. 39%;新生儿破伤风病例1例,年均发病率0. 04/10万,占0. 01%。结论井陉县2010-2017年法定传染病总体发病率趋于稳定,但是血源及性传播传染病呈上升态势,今后防控工作的重点要向血源及性传播传染病转移,同时对肠道和呼吸道传染病的防控不能放松。
Objective To understand the incidence trends and epidemiological features of notifiable infectious diseases in Jingxing from 2010 to 2017,and to provide scientific and effective basis for formulating infectious disease prevention and control strategy. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the epidemic data from 2010 to 2017. Results From2010 to 2017,a total of 12 159 cases of 20 notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Jingxing,and the class A infectious diseases hadn' t been reported. The average annual incidence rate was 474. 47/100 000. Among the class B infectious diseases,the top three in the number of cases were viral hepatitis,tuberculosis,and dysentery. Among the top three in the class C infectious diseases,the other three were infectious diarrhea,hand-foot-mouth disease,and mumps. Infectious diseases of all types were classified by means of transmission; 5 893 cases of intestinal infections( 229. 96/100 000,48. 48%); 3 382 cases of blood-borne and sexually transmitted infections( 131. 97/100 000,27. 81%); 2 714 cases of respiratory infections( 105. 91/100 000,22. 32%); 169 cases of natural epidemic and arbo-borne infectious diseases( 6. 59/100 000,1. 39%); and one case of neonatal tetanus( 0. 04/100 000,0. 01%). Conclusion The overall incidence of notifiable infectious diseases in Jingxing tends to be stable from 2010 to 2017,but the blood source and sexual infectious diseases have risen. The focus of prevention and control work should be transferred to blood source and sexual infectious diseases,and the prevention and control of intestinal and respiratory infectious diseases can not be relaxed.
Objective To understand the incidence trends and epidemiological features of notifiable infectious diseases in Jingxing from 2010 to 2017,and to provide scientific and effective basis for formulating infectious disease prevention and control strategy. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the epidemic data from 2010 to 2017. Results From2010 to 2017,a total of 12 159 cases of 20 notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Jingxing,and the class A infectious diseases hadn' t been reported. The average annual incidence rate was 474. 47/100 000. Among the class B infectious diseases,the top three in the number of cases were viral hepatitis,tuberculosis,and dysentery. Among the top three in the class C infectious diseases,the other three were infectious diarrhea,hand-foot-mouth disease,and mumps. Infectious diseases of all types were classified by means of transmission; 5 893 cases of intestinal infections( 229. 96/100 000,48. 48%); 3 382 cases of blood-borne and sexually transmitted infections( 131. 97/100 000,27. 81%); 2 714 cases of respiratory infections( 105. 91/100 000,22. 32%); 169 cases of natural epidemic and arbo-borne infectious diseases( 6. 59/100 000,1. 39%); and one case of neonatal tetanus( 0. 04/100 000,0. 01%). Conclusion The overall incidence of notifiable infectious diseases in Jingxing tends to be stable from 2010 to 2017,but the blood source and sexual infectious diseases have risen. The focus of prevention and control work should be transferred to blood source and sexual infectious diseases,and the prevention and control of intestinal and respiratory infectious diseases can not be relaxed.
引文
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[2]孙晓磊. 2014-2015年银川市金凤区法定传染病疫情分析[J].教育教学论坛,2016,8(51):81-82.
[3]张玲,王涛,王玲. 2004-2015年淄博市法定传染病疫情趋势分析[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(14):2658-2662.
[4]尤小慧,曹海兰,张华一.青海海西蒙古族藏族自治州2003-2015年传染病疫情动态分析[J].医学动物防制,2017,33(5):479-481.
[5]程丽红,戴新平,詹漫华. 2005-2015年江西省上饶市婺源县法定传染病疫情分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(2):346-350.
[6]李红新.沛县2012-2016年手足口病流行病学特征分析[J].江苏预防医学,2018,29(1):65-66.
[7]吴明九,阮银,李志岗,等.贵州省遵义市红花岗区2012-2016年法定传染病流行病学特征分析[J].医学动物防制,2017,33(12):1248-1252.
[8]余志祥,徐兰英,李肖红,等. 2016年郑州市法定传染病疫情分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(11):2084-2087.
[9]沈利洪,邵丽佳.我院2016年手足口病407例流行病学分析[J].中国乡村医药,2018,25(3):50-51.
[10]陶宏,唐志明,吉光辉,等. 2003-2013年遵义市法定传染病疫情分析[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(22):4144-4147.
[11]武媛媛. 2015年天津市西青区法定传染病疫情[J].职业与健康,2017,33(5):666-668.
[12]徐小明,东雪卓玛. 2005-2015年松潘县法定传染病疫情分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(3):529-532.
[13]方新艳,吕梅斋,鲍巍巍.永康市2008-2013年中小学生传染病流行特征分析[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(4):567-569.