穗上多叶玉米自交系LY-1的遗传特性研究
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摘要
利用外引玉米杂交种通过多年连续自交获得1份穗上叶片数为7～10片的自交系LY-1。研究该材料穗上叶片数的遗传特性,分别将其与3个不同穗上叶片数材料L583、LS-1和昌7-2不同遗传背景的自交系杂交,获得3个衍生的后代分离群体。通过穗上叶片数、株高、穗位高和穗高系数的分析,结果表明,F_1的穗上叶片数介于双亲之间,偏高亲值,没有明显杂种优势,表现出不完全显性遗传特性。株高、穗位高以及穗高系数均表现超高值亲本,具有极强的杂种优势。相关分析结果表明,穗上叶片数与穗高系数呈极显著的负相关,株高与穗上叶片数、穗位高以及穗位高与穗高系数均呈极显著正相关。从各性状的遗传力来看,3个群体株高和穗位高的平均遗传力较高,均在75%以上;其次是穗高系数;穗上叶片数的遗传力仅为62.43%。因此,利用LY-1作为多叶资源进行种质改良和新品种选育,可降低穗位相对高度,提高植株的抗倒伏能力。
An inbred line LY-1 with 7-10 leaves above the ear was developed from an introduced maize hybrid by continuous selfing. In order to study the genetic characteristic of the number of leaves above ear, the line LY-1 as the male was respectively crossed with three different inbred lines L583, LS-1 and Chang7-2 as the females to obtain their progenies and segregation populations. Four traits with leaves above the ear, plant height, ear height and the coefficient of ear height were analyzed. The results showed that the number of leaves above ear in F_1 was between the corresponding parents and close to the high parents, and has no obvious heterosis. It appeared incomplete dominant inheritance for the number of leaves above ear, but the plant height, ear height and coefficient of ear height in F_1 were higher than those of the high parents and existed extremely strong heterosis. The analysis of correlation illustrated that significantly negative relations existed between the number of leaves above ear and coefficient of ear height, but the relations between plant height and the number of leaves above ear, and ear height, between ear height and coefficient of ear height, are highly positive. According to the heritability of each trait, the average heritability of plant height and ear height were higher with over 75%, the following was the coefficient of ear height, but the heritability for the number of leaves above ear was the lowest with only 62.43%. Therefore, leafy inbred lines LY-1 could be used as a resource with multiple leaves above ear to improve germplasms and develop new varieties,and enhance the lodging resistance of plants by reducing the relative ear height in maize.
An inbred line LY-1 with 7-10 leaves above the ear was developed from an introduced maize hybrid by continuous selfing. In order to study the genetic characteristic of the number of leaves above ear, the line LY-1 as the male was respectively crossed with three different inbred lines L583, LS-1 and Chang7-2 as the females to obtain their progenies and segregation populations. Four traits with leaves above the ear, plant height, ear height and the coefficient of ear height were analyzed. The results showed that the number of leaves above ear in F_1 was between the corresponding parents and close to the high parents, and has no obvious heterosis. It appeared incomplete dominant inheritance for the number of leaves above ear, but the plant height, ear height and coefficient of ear height in F_1 were higher than those of the high parents and existed extremely strong heterosis. The analysis of correlation illustrated that significantly negative relations existed between the number of leaves above ear and coefficient of ear height, but the relations between plant height and the number of leaves above ear, and ear height, between ear height and coefficient of ear height, are highly positive. According to the heritability of each trait, the average heritability of plant height and ear height were higher with over 75%, the following was the coefficient of ear height, but the heritability for the number of leaves above ear was the lowest with only 62.43%. Therefore, leafy inbred lines LY-1 could be used as a resource with multiple leaves above ear to improve germplasms and develop new varieties,and enhance the lodging resistance of plants by reducing the relative ear height in maize.
引文
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[16]许诚,王彬,毛克举,等.利用单片段代换系群体定位玉米株型性状QTL[J].玉米科学,2014,22(2):28-34.Xu C,Wang B,Mao K J,et al.QTL mapping for plant-type related traits using single segment substitution lines in maize[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2014,22(2):28-34.(in Chinese)
[17]蒋守华,邓德祥,刘葛山,等.多叶玉米主要性状杂种优势及配合力分析[J].天津农学院学报,2009,16(4):21-26.Jiang S H,Deng D X,Liu G S,et al.Study on heterosis and combining ability for major characters of leafy maize[J].Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University,2009,16(4):21-26.(in Chinese)
[18]付志远,邵可可,陈德芝,等.穗上节间数与玉米抗倒伏能力的相关性分析[J].河南农业大学学报,2011,45(2):149-154.Fu Z Y,Shao K K,Chen D Z,et al.Correlation analysis of the internode number above ear and lodging resistance in maize[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural University,2011,45(2):149-154.(in Chinese)
[19]汤国民,龙丽萍,夏德君,等.玉米穗高系数对产量性状的影响[J].青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版),2002,19(2):95-97.Tang G M,Long L P,Xia D J,et al.Effect of the spike position height coefficient on yield characteristics in maize[J].Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University,2002,19(2):95-97.(in Chinese)
[20]闫洪奎,李娜,郭志友,等.玉米株高及叶片的相关性[J].延边大学农学学报,2002,24(4):254-256.Yan H K,Li N,Guo Z Y,et al.The correlation of plant height and leave number in maize[J].Agricultural Science Journal of Yanbian University,2002,24(4):254-256.(in Chinese)
[21]李宁,李建民,翟志席,等.化控技术对玉米植株抗倒伏性状、农艺性状及产量的影响[J].玉米科学,2010,18(6):38-42.Li N,Li J M,Zhai Z X,et al.Effects of chemical regulator on the lodging resistance traits,agricultural characters and yield of maize[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2010,18(6):38-42.(in Chinese)
[22]刘鑫,谢瑞芝,牛兴奎,等.种植密度对东北地区不同年代玉米生产主推品种抗倒伏性能的影响[J].作物杂志,2012(5):126-130.Liu X,Xie R Z,Niu X K,et al.Effects of planting density on lodging resistance performance of maize varieties of different eras in north-east China[J].Crops,2012(5):126-130.(in Chinese)
[23]Tang J H,Teng W T,Yan J B,et al.Genetic dissection of plant height by molecular markers using a population of recombinant inbred lines in maize[J].Euphytica,2007,155:117-124.
[24]司书丽,刘晓萍,谢虹,等.玉米杂交组合及其亲本的株型性状分析[J].华北农学报,2009,24(增刊):57-61.Si S L,Liu X P,Xie H,et al.Plant-type traits analysis of maize hybrids and their parents[J].Aata Agriculturae Boreali Sinica,2009,24(S):57-61.(in Chinese)
[25]宋凤斌,戴俊英,黄国坤.水分胁迫对玉米雌穗的伤害作用[J].吉林农业大学学报,1996,18(4):1-6.Song F B,Dai J Y,Huang G K.The damage effect of water stress at booming stage on female inflorescence of maize[J].Journal of Jilin Agricultural University,1996,18(4):1-6.(in Chinese)
[26]张勇,邓德祥,陈梨辉,等.玉米LFY同源基因ZFL1与多叶性状的相关性[J].江苏农业学报,2006,22(4):362-368.Zhang Y,Deng D X,Chen L H,et al.The correlation between leafy trait and homologous gene ZFL1 of LFY in maize(Zea mays L.)[J].Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2006,22(4):362-368.(in Chinese)
[2]Subedi K D,Ma B L.Ear position,leaf area,and contribution of individual leaves to grain yield in conventional and leafy maize hybrids[J].Crop Science,2005,45:2246-2257.
[3]李长文,刘秀荣,杨粤.多叶型玉米选育进展[J].玉米科学,1993,1(3):4-6.Li C W,Liu X Y,Yang Y.Progress of leafy maize breeding[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,1993,1(3):4-6.(in Chinese)
[4]Modarres A M,Hamilton R I,Dwyer L M,et al.leafy reduced-stature maize for short-season environments:Yield and yield components of inbred lines[J].Euphytica,1997,97:129-138.
[5]Begna S H,Hamilton R I,Dwyer D W,et al.Effects of population density on the vegetative growth of leafy reduced stature maize in short season areas[J].J.Agronomy and Crop Science,1999,182:49-55.
[6]柯德玉,张亚田,刘晓广.玉米多叶基因的遗传规律及其利用价值初探[J].现代农业,1996(7):21-22.Ke D Y,Zhang Y T,Liu X G.Primary discussion of genetic law of leafy gene and its utilization value in maize[J].Modern Agriculture,1996(7):21-22.(in Chinese)
[7]Andrews C J,Dwyer L M,Stewart D W,et al.Distribution of carbohydrate during grainfill in Leafy and normal maize hybrids[J].Canadian Journal of Plant Science,2000,80(1):87-95.
[8]Du X M,Linghu J J,Shang H J,et al.Fine mapping of leafy,a dominant mutant conferring extra leaves above the ear in maize[J].Euphytica,2015,206:49-56.
[9]Oishi H,Cai H W,Saruwatari Y.Effect of lfy1 gene on some characteristics of an inbred line and hybrids[C].51stMaize genetics conference,2009.
[10]Cui M,Jia B,Liu H H,et al.Genetic mapping of the leaf number above the primary ear and its relationship with plant height and flowering time in maize[J].Front.Plant Sci.,2017,8:1437,doi:10.3389/fpls.2017.01437.
[11]Li D,Wang X F,Zhang X B,et al.The genetic architecture of leaf number and its genetic relationship to flowering time in maize[J].The New Phytologist.2016,210(1):256-268.
[12]陈梨辉.玉米多叶性状基因Lfy的定位研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2007.
[13]王益军,邓德祥,卞云龙.多叶型玉米研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(16):129-133.Wang Y J,Deng D X,Bian Y L.Progress in leafy maize research[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2010,26(16):129-133.(in Chinese)
[14]李贤唐,丁俊强,王瑞霞,等.玉米株型相关性状的QTL定位与分析[J].江苏农业科学,2011,39(2):21-25.Li X T,Ding J Q,Wang R X,et al.QTL mapping and analysis of maize plant type-related traits[J].Jiangsu Agriculture Science,2011,39(2):21-25.(in Chinese)
[15]Shaver D L.genetics and breeding of maize with extra leaves above the ear[C].Proceedings of the 38thAnnual Corn and Sorghum Research Conference,1983:161-180.
[16]许诚,王彬,毛克举,等.利用单片段代换系群体定位玉米株型性状QTL[J].玉米科学,2014,22(2):28-34.Xu C,Wang B,Mao K J,et al.QTL mapping for plant-type related traits using single segment substitution lines in maize[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2014,22(2):28-34.(in Chinese)
[17]蒋守华,邓德祥,刘葛山,等.多叶玉米主要性状杂种优势及配合力分析[J].天津农学院学报,2009,16(4):21-26.Jiang S H,Deng D X,Liu G S,et al.Study on heterosis and combining ability for major characters of leafy maize[J].Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University,2009,16(4):21-26.(in Chinese)
[18]付志远,邵可可,陈德芝,等.穗上节间数与玉米抗倒伏能力的相关性分析[J].河南农业大学学报,2011,45(2):149-154.Fu Z Y,Shao K K,Chen D Z,et al.Correlation analysis of the internode number above ear and lodging resistance in maize[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural University,2011,45(2):149-154.(in Chinese)
[19]汤国民,龙丽萍,夏德君,等.玉米穗高系数对产量性状的影响[J].青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版),2002,19(2):95-97.Tang G M,Long L P,Xia D J,et al.Effect of the spike position height coefficient on yield characteristics in maize[J].Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University,2002,19(2):95-97.(in Chinese)
[20]闫洪奎,李娜,郭志友,等.玉米株高及叶片的相关性[J].延边大学农学学报,2002,24(4):254-256.Yan H K,Li N,Guo Z Y,et al.The correlation of plant height and leave number in maize[J].Agricultural Science Journal of Yanbian University,2002,24(4):254-256.(in Chinese)
[21]李宁,李建民,翟志席,等.化控技术对玉米植株抗倒伏性状、农艺性状及产量的影响[J].玉米科学,2010,18(6):38-42.Li N,Li J M,Zhai Z X,et al.Effects of chemical regulator on the lodging resistance traits,agricultural characters and yield of maize[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2010,18(6):38-42.(in Chinese)
[22]刘鑫,谢瑞芝,牛兴奎,等.种植密度对东北地区不同年代玉米生产主推品种抗倒伏性能的影响[J].作物杂志,2012(5):126-130.Liu X,Xie R Z,Niu X K,et al.Effects of planting density on lodging resistance performance of maize varieties of different eras in north-east China[J].Crops,2012(5):126-130.(in Chinese)
[23]Tang J H,Teng W T,Yan J B,et al.Genetic dissection of plant height by molecular markers using a population of recombinant inbred lines in maize[J].Euphytica,2007,155:117-124.
[24]司书丽,刘晓萍,谢虹,等.玉米杂交组合及其亲本的株型性状分析[J].华北农学报,2009,24(增刊):57-61.Si S L,Liu X P,Xie H,et al.Plant-type traits analysis of maize hybrids and their parents[J].Aata Agriculturae Boreali Sinica,2009,24(S):57-61.(in Chinese)
[25]宋凤斌,戴俊英,黄国坤.水分胁迫对玉米雌穗的伤害作用[J].吉林农业大学学报,1996,18(4):1-6.Song F B,Dai J Y,Huang G K.The damage effect of water stress at booming stage on female inflorescence of maize[J].Journal of Jilin Agricultural University,1996,18(4):1-6.(in Chinese)
[26]张勇,邓德祥,陈梨辉,等.玉米LFY同源基因ZFL1与多叶性状的相关性[J].江苏农业学报,2006,22(4):362-368.Zhang Y,Deng D X,Chen L H,et al.The correlation between leafy trait and homologous gene ZFL1 of LFY in maize(Zea mays L.)[J].Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2006,22(4):362-368.(in Chinese)