并列式混合励磁复合电机的设计及其磁场调节特性
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摘要
基于磁场调制原理与混合励磁同步电机的设计理念与技术,提出了一种新型并列式混合励磁复合电机。介绍了该电机的基本结构与工作原理,给出其定转子槽/极匹配原则。通过三维有限元法分析,得到了电机空载运行处于不同励磁电流下的电枢绕组磁链、空载反电势、电机输出转矩等特性,验证了电机并列运行时满足叠加定理的特点;给出了电机空载等效磁路模型,推导了电机的磁场调节比例公式,并计算得到了磁场调节范围。根据理论分析加工制作了一台样机,测试获取了电机处于不同励磁电流时额定转速下的空载反电势,进而分析了电机的磁场调节特性,仿真计算与实验结果均表明,通过调节励磁电流可以实现气隙磁通的双向变化,实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性。
A novel parallel hybrid excitation compound motor(PHECM)is proposed based on the principle of magnetic field modulation and the design idea and technology of hybrid excitation synchronous motor.The basic structure and working principle of the motor is presented and the matching principle of the slots and poles is given.A 3-D finite element method(FEM)is used to obtain the armature winding flux linkage,the no load electromotive force(EMF)and the output torque of the motor when it runs without load under different excitation currents.It is verified that the superposition theorem is satisfied when the motor runs at parallel operation.An equivalent magnetic circuit of the motor at no load,a formula and the range of the flux regulation are obtained.A prototype of the motor is manufactured according to the theoretical analysis and the no load EMF of the motor at rated speed with different excitation currents is tested.Then,its flux regulation performance is analyzed.Both the simulation and experimental data show that the air gap flux is bidirectionally changed by adjusting the excitation current.Analysis results are validated by experiments.
A novel parallel hybrid excitation compound motor(PHECM)is proposed based on the principle of magnetic field modulation and the design idea and technology of hybrid excitation synchronous motor.The basic structure and working principle of the motor is presented and the matching principle of the slots and poles is given.A 3-D finite element method(FEM)is used to obtain the armature winding flux linkage,the no load electromotive force(EMF)and the output torque of the motor when it runs without load under different excitation currents.It is verified that the superposition theorem is satisfied when the motor runs at parallel operation.An equivalent magnetic circuit of the motor at no load,a formula and the range of the flux regulation are obtained.A prototype of the motor is manufactured according to the theoretical analysis and the no load EMF of the motor at rated speed with different excitation currents is tested.Then,its flux regulation performance is analyzed.Both the simulation and experimental data show that the air gap flux is bidirectionally changed by adjusting the excitation current.Analysis results are validated by experiments.
引文
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[15]林楠,王东,魏锟,等.高速混合励磁发电机的结构及调压性能[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(7):19-25.LIN Nan,WANG Dong,WEI Kun,et al.Structure and voltage regulation performance of high speed hybrid excitation synchronous generators[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(7):19-25.
[16]林楠,王东,魏锟,等.新型混合励磁同步电机的数学模型与等效分析[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(3):149-156.LIN Nan,WANG Dong,WEI Kun,et al.Mathematical model and equivalent analysis of a novel hybrid excitation synchronous machine[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(3):149-156.
[17]ZHAO Xing,NIU Shuangxia.Design and optimization of a new magnetic-geared pole-changing hybrid excitation machine[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(12):9943-9952.
[18]唐任远.现代永磁电机理论与设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2016:43-44.
[2]张东,邹国棠,江建中,等.新型外转子磁齿轮复合电机的设计与研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(30):67-72.ZHANG Dong,CHAU K T,JIANG Jianzhong,et al.Design and research of a novel magnetic-geared outer rotor compact machine[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(30):67-72.
[3]王利利.磁场调制型永磁齿轮与低速电机的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2012:107-112.
[4] HOLEHOUSE R,ATALLAH K,WANG J.Design and realization of a linear magnetic gear[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2011,47(10):4171-4174.
[5]林鹤云,张洋,阳辉,等.永磁游标电机的研究现状与最新进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(18):5021-5034.LIN Heyun,ZHANG Yang,YANG Hui,et al.Overview and recent developments of permanent magnet vernier machines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(18):5021-5034.
[6] BAI Jingang,ZHENG Ping,TONG Chengde,et al.Characteristic analysis and verification of the magneticfield-modulated brushless double-rotor machine[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,62(7):4023-4032.
[7]李祥林,程明,邹国棠,等.聚磁式场调制永磁风力发电机工作原理与静态特性[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(11):1-9.LI Xianglin,CHENG Ming,CHAU K T,et al.Principle and analysis of a new flux-concentrating fieldmodulated permanent-magnet wind power generator[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(11):1-9.
[8]刘国海,杨欣,徐亮,等.五相永磁容错型游标电机弱磁特性研究[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(19):52-61.LIU Guohai,YANG Xin,XU Liang,et al.Research on flux-weakening performances for five-phase faulttolerant permanent-magnet vernier motors[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(19):52-61.
[9]朱孝勇,程明,赵文祥.混合励磁电机技术综述与发展展望[J].电工技术学报,2008,23(1):30-39.ZHU Xiaoyong,CHENG Ming,ZHAO Wenxiang.An overview of hybrid excited electric machine capable of field control[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2008,23(1):30-39.
[10]张卓然,耿伟伟,戴冀,等.新型混合励磁电机技术研究与进展[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2014,46(1):27-36.ZHANG Zhuoran,GENG Weiwei,DAI Ji,et al.Recent progress of novel hybrid excitation machines[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2014,46(1):27-36.
[11]赵朝会,张卓然,秦海鸥.混合励磁电机的结构及原理[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:171-172.
[12]NEDIAR B,HLIOUI S,AMARA Y.A new parallel double excitation synchronous machine[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2011,47(9):2252-2260.
[13]KAMIEV K,NERG J,PYRHONEN J.Hybrid excitation synchronous generators for island operation[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2012,6(1):1-11.
[14]耿伟伟,张卓然,于立,等.新型并列式混合励磁无刷直流电机结构原理及其磁场调节特性[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(11):132-138.GENG Weiwei,ZHANG Zhuoran,YU Li,et al.Operation principle and flux regulation characteristics of a new parallel hybrid excitation blushless DC machine[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(11):132-138.
[15]林楠,王东,魏锟,等.高速混合励磁发电机的结构及调压性能[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(7):19-25.LIN Nan,WANG Dong,WEI Kun,et al.Structure and voltage regulation performance of high speed hybrid excitation synchronous generators[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(7):19-25.
[16]林楠,王东,魏锟,等.新型混合励磁同步电机的数学模型与等效分析[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(3):149-156.LIN Nan,WANG Dong,WEI Kun,et al.Mathematical model and equivalent analysis of a novel hybrid excitation synchronous machine[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(3):149-156.
[17]ZHAO Xing,NIU Shuangxia.Design and optimization of a new magnetic-geared pole-changing hybrid excitation machine[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(12):9943-9952.
[18]唐任远.现代永磁电机理论与设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2016:43-44.