铀矿石酸化-细菌柱浸的动力学分析
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摘要
研究了沥青铀矿石酸化阶段和细菌浸出阶段体系中pH值、Eh值和浸出率随时间的变化规律,采用JMA动力学模型分析了酸化过程和细菌浸出过程的动力学行为特征。结果表明:在酸化阶段,同一级数中各酸化体系的pH值和浸出率随酸化时间的增加而升高,Eh值随酸化时间的增加而降低;在细菌浸出阶段,同一级数中各浸出体系的pH值、Eh值和浸出率随浸出时间的增加而升高;随着酸化级数和细菌浸出级数的增加,各酸化体系和浸出体系的pH值、Eh值和浸出率随时间的变化量减小。动力学分析结果表明:酸化阶段的动力学方程为-ln(1-α)=(0.534 9~0.310 3)t~(0.175 7~0.701 6),初、中期反应过程属于扩散控制,后期反应过程属于混合控制;细菌浸出阶段的动力学方程为-ln(1-α)=(0.132 5~0.002 3)·t~(0.212 7~2.033 0),初期反应过程属于扩散控制,中期反应过程属于混合控制,后期反应速率接近于零。
The change regulation of pH value,Eh value and leaching rate with time during the process of uranium ore acid leaching and bacteria leaching in column was studied,the kinetic characteristic of acid leaching and bacteria leaching was analyzed by JMA dynamics model.The results show that in the acidification stage,the pH value and uranium leaching rate increase,while the Eh value decreases with time in the same series of the acidification system.In the bacterial leaching stage,the pH value,Eh value and uranium leaching rate increase with leaching time in the same series of the leaching system,and with the increase of acidification and bacterial leaching series,the variable quantities of the pH value,Eh value and uranium leaching rate decrease.The dynamics analyses show that acidification dynamics equation is-ln(1-α)=(0.534 9-0.310 3)t~(0.175 7~0.701 6),the leaching process is controlled by chemical reaction in initial stage and controlled by diffusion in later stage.The bacterial leaching dynamics equation is-ln(1-α)=(0.132 5-0.002 3)t~(0.212 7~2.033 0),the leaching process is also controlled by the chemical reaction in initial stage and controlled by diffusion in middle stage,and the reaction rate is close to zero in later stage.
The change regulation of pH value,Eh value and leaching rate with time during the process of uranium ore acid leaching and bacteria leaching in column was studied,the kinetic characteristic of acid leaching and bacteria leaching was analyzed by JMA dynamics model.The results show that in the acidification stage,the pH value and uranium leaching rate increase,while the Eh value decreases with time in the same series of the acidification system.In the bacterial leaching stage,the pH value,Eh value and uranium leaching rate increase with leaching time in the same series of the leaching system,and with the increase of acidification and bacterial leaching series,the variable quantities of the pH value,Eh value and uranium leaching rate decrease.The dynamics analyses show that acidification dynamics equation is-ln(1-α)=(0.534 9-0.310 3)t~(0.175 7~0.701 6),the leaching process is controlled by chemical reaction in initial stage and controlled by diffusion in later stage.The bacterial leaching dynamics equation is-ln(1-α)=(0.132 5-0.002 3)t~(0.212 7~2.033 0),the leaching process is also controlled by the chemical reaction in initial stage and controlled by diffusion in middle stage,and the reaction rate is close to zero in later stage.
引文
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[13]康新颖,苏毅,赵榆林,等.黄磷炉渣酸解过程铁浸出动力学的研究[J].硅酸盐通报,2012,31(6):1 367-1 370.KANG Xinying,SU Yi,ZHAO Yulin,et al.Study on Fe leaching kinetic in the acid solution process of yellow phosphorus slag[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2012,31(6):1 367-1 370(in Chinese).
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[15]杨利姣,陈南春,钟夏平,等.NaCl-HCl体系浸出铅渣中铅的动力学分析[J].中国有色金属学报,2015,25(6):1 705-1 712.YANG Lijiao,CHEN Nanchun,ZHONG Xiaping,et al.Kinetics analysis of leaching lead from lead residue in NaCl-HCl solution[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2015,25(6):1 705-1 712(in Chinese).
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[17]齐美富,郑园芳,桂双林.废铅酸蓄电池中铅膏氯盐体系浸取铅的动力学研究[J].矿冶工程,2010,30(6):61-64.QI Meifu,ZHENG Yuanfang,GUI Shuanglin.Kinetic study on leaching lead from waste leadacid batteries for lead plaster chloride system[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2010,30(6):61-64(in Chinese).
[18]刘志宏,曹志阎,刘智勇,等.硅锌矿在(NH4)2SO4-NH3-H2O体系中高液固比下的浸出动力学[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2012,43(2):418-423.LIU Zhihong,CAO Zhiyan,LIU Zhiyong,et al.Leaching kinetics of willemite in(NH4)2SO4-NH3-H2O system at higher mass ratio of liquid to solid[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2012,43(2):418-423(in Chinese).
[19]孙维义,丁桑岚,苏仕军,等.二氧化硫液相浸取低品位软锰矿的动力学[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2011,43(增刊1):199-203.SUN Weiyi,DING Sanglan,SU Shijun,et al.Leaching kinetics of Mn from low grade pyrolusite with SO2in liquid phase[J].Journal of Sichuan University:Engineering Science Edition,2011,43(Suppl.1):199-203(in Chinese).
[20]畅永锋,翟秀静,符岩,等.还原焙烧红土矿的硫酸浸出动力学[J].分子科学学报,2008,24(4):241-245.CHANG Yongfeng,ZHAI Xiujing,FU Yan,at al.Sulphuric acid leaching kinetics of pre-reduced laterite ores[J].Journal of Molecular Science,2008,24(4):241-245(in Chinese).
[21]郑雅杰,陈昆昆.采用Na2SO3溶液从硒渣中选择性浸出Se及其动力学[J].中国有色金属学报,2012,22(2):585-591.ZHENG Yajie,CHEN Kunkun.Selective leaching Se from selenium residue by Na2SO3 solutions and leaching kinetics[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2012,22(2):585-591(in Chinese).
[22]李广悦,刘玉龙,王永东,等.一株新的氧化亚铁硫杆菌菌株的筛选及其生长特性的研究[J].南华大学学报:自然科学版,2007,21(1):7-9.LI Guangyue,LIU Yulong,WANG Yongdong,et al.Isolation of a new strain of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and its living characteristics[J].Journal of University of South China:Science and Technology,2007,21(1):7-9(in Chinese).
[2]丁德馨,李广悦,刘玉龙,等.沥青铀矿石细菌浸出机理的实验研究[J].过程工程学报,2008,8(5):859-865.DING Dexin,LI Guangyue,LIU Yulong,et al.Experimental studies on bacteria leaching mechanism of uranium from uraninite[J].The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2008,8(5):859-865(in Chinese).
[3]梁升,王学刚,孙占学.铀矿石微生物柱浸串联工艺试验[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,2016(5):22-25.LIANG Sheng,WANG Xuegang,SUN Zhanxue.Microbial column leaching series test of uranium ore[J].Nonferrous Metals:Extractive Metallurgy,2016(5):22-25(in Chinese).
[4]史维浚,周义朋,孙占学,等.硬岩铀矿快速高效微生物池浸方法[J].东华理工大学学报:自然科学版,2015,38(4):369-374.SHI Weijun,ZHOU Yipeng,SUN Zhanxue,et al.A kind of quick and efficient sink bio-leaching technology for hard rock type uranium mine[J].Journal of East China Institute of Technology:Natural Science Edition,2015,38(4):369-374(in Chinese).
[5]郭勤,韩文艳,李江,等.铀矿堆浸酸化液连续培养浸铀微生物的研究[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,2014(11):39-42.GUO Qin,HAN Wenyan,LI Jiang,et al.Study of continuous culture of bacterium for uranium bioleaching in uranium acidizing fluid[J].Nonferrous Metals:Extractive Metallurgy,2014(11):39-42(in Chinese).
[6]刘亚洁,李江,陈功新,等.高氟低硫铀矿石补加黄铁矿生物柱浸试验[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,2016(4):37-40.LIU Yajie,LI Jiang,CHEN Gongxin,et al.Uranium column bioleaching from high fuorite and low sulfur-bearing uranium ore with additional pyrite[J].Nonferrous Metals:Extractive Metallurgy,2016(4):37-40(in Chinese).
[7]陈波,刘金辉,周义朋,等.温度、pH值对浸铀细菌批式培养的影响研究[J].广东化工,2014,41(5):33-34.CHEN Bo,LIU Jinhui,ZHOU Yipeng,et al.Effect of temperature,pH value of the bacterial leaching of uranium batch culture[J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2014,41(5):33-34(in Chinese).
[8]韩文艳,郭勤,孙占学,等.Al 3+对浸铀混合菌活性的影响[J].金属矿山,2014,43(7):98-100.HAN Wenyan,GUO Qin,SUN Zhanxue,et al.Effect of aluminum(Ⅲ)on the activity of mixed bacteria in bioleaching of uranium[J].Metal Mine,2014,43(7):98-100(in Chinese).
[9]张凯钧,王学刚,刘亚洁,等.酵母提取物对浸铀混合菌群活性的影响[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,2016(3):32-35.ZHANG Kaijun,WANG Xuegang,LIU Yajie,et al.Effect of yeast extract on activity of mixed bacterium in uranium bioleaching[J].Nonferrous Metals:Extractive Metallurgy,2016(3):32-35(in Chinese).
[10]吕洋,吕俊文,周剑良,等.表面活性剂提高铀矿石浸出率研究[J].稀有金属,2016,40(2):182-187.LV Yang,LV Junwen,ZHOU Jianliang,et al.Surfactant study on promoting leaching rate of uranium[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2016,40(2):182-187(in Chinese).
[11]伍赠玲,吴智,朱永官.硫砷铜矿化学浸出动力学研究[J].稀有金属,2015,39(8):735-740.WU Zengling,WU Zhi,ZHU Yongguan.Kinetics of enargite chemical leaching[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2015,39(8):735-740(in Chinese).
[12]胡定益,余建民,游刚,等.汽车失效催化剂中铑的浸出动力学研究[J].稀有金属,2016,40(2):143-148.HU Dingyi,YU Jianmin,YOU Gang,et al.Leaching kinetics of rhodium from spent automotive catalyst[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2016,40(2):143-148(in Chinese).
[13]康新颖,苏毅,赵榆林,等.黄磷炉渣酸解过程铁浸出动力学的研究[J].硅酸盐通报,2012,31(6):1 367-1 370.KANG Xinying,SU Yi,ZHAO Yulin,et al.Study on Fe leaching kinetic in the acid solution process of yellow phosphorus slag[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2012,31(6):1 367-1 370(in Chinese).
[14]郑琍玉,于少明,刘彬,等.石煤提钒碱浸过程动力学研究[J].稀有金属,2011,35(1):105-109.ZHENG Liyu,YU Shaoming,LIU Bin,et al.Kinetics of leaching vanadium with alkaline from stone coal[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2011,35(1):105-109(in Chinese).
[15]杨利姣,陈南春,钟夏平,等.NaCl-HCl体系浸出铅渣中铅的动力学分析[J].中国有色金属学报,2015,25(6):1 705-1 712.YANG Lijiao,CHEN Nanchun,ZHONG Xiaping,et al.Kinetics analysis of leaching lead from lead residue in NaCl-HCl solution[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2015,25(6):1 705-1 712(in Chinese).
[16]廖亚龙,彭志强,周娟,等.高砷烟尘中砷的浸出动力学[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2015,47(3):200-206.LIAO Yalong,PENG Zhiqiang,ZHOU Juan,et al.Research on kinetics of leaching of arsenic from dust containing high arsenic[J].Journal of Sichuan University:Engineering Science Edition,2015,47(3):200-206(in Chinese).
[17]齐美富,郑园芳,桂双林.废铅酸蓄电池中铅膏氯盐体系浸取铅的动力学研究[J].矿冶工程,2010,30(6):61-64.QI Meifu,ZHENG Yuanfang,GUI Shuanglin.Kinetic study on leaching lead from waste leadacid batteries for lead plaster chloride system[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2010,30(6):61-64(in Chinese).
[18]刘志宏,曹志阎,刘智勇,等.硅锌矿在(NH4)2SO4-NH3-H2O体系中高液固比下的浸出动力学[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2012,43(2):418-423.LIU Zhihong,CAO Zhiyan,LIU Zhiyong,et al.Leaching kinetics of willemite in(NH4)2SO4-NH3-H2O system at higher mass ratio of liquid to solid[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2012,43(2):418-423(in Chinese).
[19]孙维义,丁桑岚,苏仕军,等.二氧化硫液相浸取低品位软锰矿的动力学[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2011,43(增刊1):199-203.SUN Weiyi,DING Sanglan,SU Shijun,et al.Leaching kinetics of Mn from low grade pyrolusite with SO2in liquid phase[J].Journal of Sichuan University:Engineering Science Edition,2011,43(Suppl.1):199-203(in Chinese).
[20]畅永锋,翟秀静,符岩,等.还原焙烧红土矿的硫酸浸出动力学[J].分子科学学报,2008,24(4):241-245.CHANG Yongfeng,ZHAI Xiujing,FU Yan,at al.Sulphuric acid leaching kinetics of pre-reduced laterite ores[J].Journal of Molecular Science,2008,24(4):241-245(in Chinese).
[21]郑雅杰,陈昆昆.采用Na2SO3溶液从硒渣中选择性浸出Se及其动力学[J].中国有色金属学报,2012,22(2):585-591.ZHENG Yajie,CHEN Kunkun.Selective leaching Se from selenium residue by Na2SO3 solutions and leaching kinetics[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2012,22(2):585-591(in Chinese).
[22]李广悦,刘玉龙,王永东,等.一株新的氧化亚铁硫杆菌菌株的筛选及其生长特性的研究[J].南华大学学报:自然科学版,2007,21(1):7-9.LI Guangyue,LIU Yulong,WANG Yongdong,et al.Isolation of a new strain of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and its living characteristics[J].Journal of University of South China:Science and Technology,2007,21(1):7-9(in Chinese).