医用超高分子量聚乙烯/氧化石墨烯复合机理研究
|
摘要
石墨烯是单层碳原子构成的六边形平面结构,氧化石墨烯(GO)是石墨烯的衍生物,其二维表面布满羟基、羰基和羧基等含氧基团。本文采用GO增强医用超高分子量聚乙烯(M-UHMWPE)。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜分析复合材料的拉伸断面形貌,利用拉曼光谱仪分析复合材料拉伸变形后分子结构形态。结果表明:当GO含量为0.5%时,复合材料的拉伸断面丝状物分布整齐,片状较大,分布均匀,拉伸性能较好。在拉伸实验过程中,载荷从M-UHMWPE基体转移到GO上,GO分子结构承受主要载荷并增强了复合材料的力学性能。
Graphene is a hexagon shaped lamella structure made of single layer of carbon atom, and graphene oxide(GO) is the derivative resultant of graphene sheets which is covered with hydroxyl, carbonyl and carboxyl groups. In this work, GO was used to reinforce medical-level ultra high molecular weight polyethylene(M-UHMWPE). Fracture surfaces of the composite materials was analyzed by HRSEM and the after test composite materials matrix was characterized by Raman. The results show that: the flakes of fracture surfaces of the composite materials is found to be well arranged, distribute evenly and in larger size. Stress is transferred to GO lamella and GO which reinforced the tensile properties of M-UHMWPE carry the main stress during tensile test.
Graphene is a hexagon shaped lamella structure made of single layer of carbon atom, and graphene oxide(GO) is the derivative resultant of graphene sheets which is covered with hydroxyl, carbonyl and carboxyl groups. In this work, GO was used to reinforce medical-level ultra high molecular weight polyethylene(M-UHMWPE). Fracture surfaces of the composite materials was analyzed by HRSEM and the after test composite materials matrix was characterized by Raman. The results show that: the flakes of fracture surfaces of the composite materials is found to be well arranged, distribute evenly and in larger size. Stress is transferred to GO lamella and GO which reinforced the tensile properties of M-UHMWPE carry the main stress during tensile test.
引文
[1]Kurtz S M.A primer on UHMWPE[M].The UHMWPE Handbook,2004:1-12.
[2]Sobieraj M C,Rimnac C M.Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene:Mechanics,morphology and clinical behavior[J].J Mech Behav Biomed,2009,2(5):433-443.
[3]杨洪江.超高分子量聚乙烯的生产技术及应用[J].广州化工,2014(11):20-49.
[4]刘广建.超高分子量聚乙烯[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2001.
[5]Mcgloughlin T M,Kavanagh A G.Wear of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)in total knee prostheses:A review of key influences[J].P I Mech Eng H,2000,214(H4):349-359.
[6]Nath S,Bodhak S,Basu B.Tribological investigation of novel HDPE-HAp-A1203 hybrid biocomposites against steel under dry and simulated body fluid condition[J].J Biomed Mater Res A,2007,83A(1):191-208.
[7]Xiong D S,Wang N,Lin J M,et al.Tribological properties of UHMWPE composites filled with nano-powder of Si O2sliding against Ti-6Al-4V[J].Key Eng Mat,2005,288-289:629-632.
[8]Wen J P,Yin P,Zhen M H.Friction and wear properties of UHMWPE/nano-MMT composites under oilfield sewage condition[J].Mater Lett,2008,62(25):4 161-4 163.
[9]Gong G F,Yang H Y,Fu X.Tribological properties of kaolin filled UHMWPE composites in unlubricated sliding[J].Wear,2004,256(1-2):88-94.
[10]Khan M R,Mahfuz H,Adnan A,et al.A study of mechanical behavior and morphology of carbon nanotube reinforced UHMWPE/Nylon 6 hybrid polymer nanocomposite fiber[J].Fiber Polym,2014,15(7):1 484-1 492.
[11]Mourad A H I,Fouad H,Elleithy R.Impact of some environmental conditions on the tensile,creep-recovery,relaxation,melting and crystallinity behaviour of UHMWPEGUR 410-medical grade[J].Mater Design,2009,30(10):4 112-4 119.
[12]Sreekanth P S R,Kanagaraj S.Assessment of bulk and surface properties of medical grade UHMWPE based nanocomposites using nanoindentation and microtensile testing[J].J Mech Behav Biomed,2013,18:140-151.
[13]Geim a K.Graphene:Status and prospects[J].Science,2009,324(5934):1 530-1 534.
[14]Novoselov K S,Geim A K,Morozov S V,et al.Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films[J].Science,2004,306(5696):666-669.
[15]Stankovich S,Piner R D,Nguyen S T,et al.Synthesis and exfoliation of isocyanate-treated graphene oxide nanoplatelets[J].Carbon,2006,44(15):3 342-3 347.
[16]Cai W W,Piner R D,Stadermann F J,et al.Synthesis and solid-state NMR structural characterization of(13)C-labeled graphite oxide[J].Science,2008,321(5897):1 815-1 817.
[17]Park S,Lee K S,Bozoklu G,et al.Graphene oxide papers modified by divalent ions-Enhancing mechanical properties via chemical cross-linking[J].Acs Nano,2008,2(3):572-578.
[18]Shin K Y,Hong J Y,Lee S,et al.Evaluation of antiscratch properties of graphene oxide/polypropylene nanocomposites[J].J Mater Chem,2012,22(16):7 871-7 879.
[19]Li D,Muller M B,Gilje S,et al.Processable aqueous dispersions of graphene nanosheets[J].Nat Nanotechnol,2008,3(2):101-105.
[20]Yoo B M,Shin H J,Yoon H W,et al.Graphene and graphene oxide and their uses in barrier polymers[J].J Appl Polym Sci,2014,131(1):235-238.
[21]Chen Y F,Qi Y Y,Tai Z X,et al.Preparation,mechanical properties and biocompatibility of graphene oxide/ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composites[J].Eur Polym J,2012,48(6):1 026-1 033.
[22]Hummers W S,Offeman R E.Preparation of graphitic oxide[J].J Am Chem Soc,1958,80:1339.
[23]Mattevi C,Eda G,Agnoli S,et al.Evolution of electrical,chemical,and structural properties of transparent and conducting chemically derived graphene thin films[J].Adv Funct Mater,2009,19(16):2 577-2 583.
[2]Sobieraj M C,Rimnac C M.Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene:Mechanics,morphology and clinical behavior[J].J Mech Behav Biomed,2009,2(5):433-443.
[3]杨洪江.超高分子量聚乙烯的生产技术及应用[J].广州化工,2014(11):20-49.
[4]刘广建.超高分子量聚乙烯[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2001.
[5]Mcgloughlin T M,Kavanagh A G.Wear of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)in total knee prostheses:A review of key influences[J].P I Mech Eng H,2000,214(H4):349-359.
[6]Nath S,Bodhak S,Basu B.Tribological investigation of novel HDPE-HAp-A1203 hybrid biocomposites against steel under dry and simulated body fluid condition[J].J Biomed Mater Res A,2007,83A(1):191-208.
[7]Xiong D S,Wang N,Lin J M,et al.Tribological properties of UHMWPE composites filled with nano-powder of Si O2sliding against Ti-6Al-4V[J].Key Eng Mat,2005,288-289:629-632.
[8]Wen J P,Yin P,Zhen M H.Friction and wear properties of UHMWPE/nano-MMT composites under oilfield sewage condition[J].Mater Lett,2008,62(25):4 161-4 163.
[9]Gong G F,Yang H Y,Fu X.Tribological properties of kaolin filled UHMWPE composites in unlubricated sliding[J].Wear,2004,256(1-2):88-94.
[10]Khan M R,Mahfuz H,Adnan A,et al.A study of mechanical behavior and morphology of carbon nanotube reinforced UHMWPE/Nylon 6 hybrid polymer nanocomposite fiber[J].Fiber Polym,2014,15(7):1 484-1 492.
[11]Mourad A H I,Fouad H,Elleithy R.Impact of some environmental conditions on the tensile,creep-recovery,relaxation,melting and crystallinity behaviour of UHMWPEGUR 410-medical grade[J].Mater Design,2009,30(10):4 112-4 119.
[12]Sreekanth P S R,Kanagaraj S.Assessment of bulk and surface properties of medical grade UHMWPE based nanocomposites using nanoindentation and microtensile testing[J].J Mech Behav Biomed,2013,18:140-151.
[13]Geim a K.Graphene:Status and prospects[J].Science,2009,324(5934):1 530-1 534.
[14]Novoselov K S,Geim A K,Morozov S V,et al.Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films[J].Science,2004,306(5696):666-669.
[15]Stankovich S,Piner R D,Nguyen S T,et al.Synthesis and exfoliation of isocyanate-treated graphene oxide nanoplatelets[J].Carbon,2006,44(15):3 342-3 347.
[16]Cai W W,Piner R D,Stadermann F J,et al.Synthesis and solid-state NMR structural characterization of(13)C-labeled graphite oxide[J].Science,2008,321(5897):1 815-1 817.
[17]Park S,Lee K S,Bozoklu G,et al.Graphene oxide papers modified by divalent ions-Enhancing mechanical properties via chemical cross-linking[J].Acs Nano,2008,2(3):572-578.
[18]Shin K Y,Hong J Y,Lee S,et al.Evaluation of antiscratch properties of graphene oxide/polypropylene nanocomposites[J].J Mater Chem,2012,22(16):7 871-7 879.
[19]Li D,Muller M B,Gilje S,et al.Processable aqueous dispersions of graphene nanosheets[J].Nat Nanotechnol,2008,3(2):101-105.
[20]Yoo B M,Shin H J,Yoon H W,et al.Graphene and graphene oxide and their uses in barrier polymers[J].J Appl Polym Sci,2014,131(1):235-238.
[21]Chen Y F,Qi Y Y,Tai Z X,et al.Preparation,mechanical properties and biocompatibility of graphene oxide/ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composites[J].Eur Polym J,2012,48(6):1 026-1 033.
[22]Hummers W S,Offeman R E.Preparation of graphitic oxide[J].J Am Chem Soc,1958,80:1339.
[23]Mattevi C,Eda G,Agnoli S,et al.Evolution of electrical,chemical,and structural properties of transparent and conducting chemically derived graphene thin films[J].Adv Funct Mater,2009,19(16):2 577-2 583.