听觉皮层慢反应临床应用指标的探讨
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摘要
目的探讨听觉皮层慢反应N1波稳定可靠的记录方法及简单易行的成分分析方法。方法以10例听力正常的青年女性为研究对象,年龄21~30岁,平均24.5岁±3.5岁,声刺激的同时使用64通道的Ag/AgCl电极帽记录脑电波(electroencephalogram,EEG),刺激声选用1kHz的短纯音(上升期5ms,平台期40ms,下降期5ms,总时长50ms),50dB SL的强度重复给声100次,刺激间隔在1 800~2 600ms之间随机化,分别用峰值法和面积法记录N1波的潜伏期和振幅。结果 10例对象均可稳定记录到N 1波。(1)以电势最高的六个电极作为测量电极时,峰值法和面积法得到的潜伏期差异无统计学意义(t=-0.661,P>0.05),得到的振幅值差异有统计学意义(t=-6.085,P<0.01);以电势最高的单个电极作为测量电极时,峰值法和面积法得到的潜伏期差异无统计学意义(t=-0.349,P>0.05),得到的振幅值差异仍有统计学意义(t=-5.976,P<0.01)。以六个电极作为测量电极时,面积法计算的振幅(J)/峰值法计算的振幅(Ⅰ)得到的振幅比值(J/I)为0.759±0.086(t=27.768,P<0.01);以单个电极作为测量电极时,得到的振幅比值(J/I)为0.764±0.094(t=25.839,P<0.01);两个比值间差异无统计学意义(t=-1.480,P>0.05);(2)分别以六个电极和单个电极做测量电极时,峰值法和面积法测得的潜伏期差异无统计学意义(峰值法:t=-1.267,P>0.05;面积法:t=0.625,P>0.05),测得的振幅值差异有统计学意义(峰值法:t=4.522,P<0.01;面积法:t=4.658,P<0.01)。结论听觉皮层慢反应N1波的潜伏期比振幅更稳定,更适合作为N1波的研究指标。可用峰值法来分析听觉皮层慢反应N1波的潜伏期,亦可用峰值法测得N1波振幅值后乘以比值常数(本实验中常数大约为0.762)来分析N1波的振幅;N1波的记录可简化为Fcz单电极记录。
Objective To study a stable and reliable recording method for the N1 component in auditory cortex slow response.Methods Sound stimulations were given to 10 young subjects with normal hearing and the brain waves were recorded at the same time.The age range was 21~30 years,the average age was 24.5 years(SD=3.5 years).We used the 1 kHz short pure tone burst(5 ms of ramp-up,40 ms of plateau stage,5 ms of ramp-down,and 50 ms in total),which was delivered at 50 dB SL for 100 repetitions to stimulate auditory cortex slow response.The inter-stimulus interval was randomized between 1 800 ms and 2 600 ms and the total length of time was about 5 min.The EEG data of normal subjects were collected by using a 64 channel Ag/AgCl electrode cap with(M1+M2)/2 as reference,i.e.the mean of the EEG data recorded at bilateral mastoid processes.The latency and amplitude of N1 wave were recorded by peak method and area method respectively.Results N1 wave could be recorded stably from 10 normal hearing subjects.(1)By using six highest amplitude electrodes as measuring electrodes,there was no significant difference in the latency(t=-0.661,P>0.05),whereas there was a significant difference in the amplitude(t=-6.085,P<0.01)as measured by the peak method and the area method.On the other hand,by using the single highest amplitude electrode as measuring electrode,there was no significant difference in the latency(t=-0.349,P>0.05)and there was a significant difference in the amplitude(t=-5.976,P<0.01)as measured by the peak method and the area method.There was a significant ratio between the amplitudes measured by the peak method and the area method,which was(0.759±0.086)(t=27.768,P<0.01)for six electrodes as the observation electrodes and was(0.764±0.094)(t=25.839,P<0.01)for a single electrode as the observation electrode;There was no significant difference between the ratio obtained using six electrodes as observation electrodes and that obtained using a single electrode as the observation electrode(t=-1.480,Pvalue>0.05).(2)For six electrodes as measuring electrodes and a single electrode as the measuring electrode,there was no significant difference in the latency measured by the peak method(t=-1.267,P>0.05),which was the same as the area method(t=0.625,P>0.05),however there was a significant difference in the amplitude as measured by the peak method(t=4.522,P<0.01),which was the same as the area method(t=4.658,P<0.01).Conclusion(1)The latency of N1 is more stable than amplitude so that it is better suited as the indicator of N1.The peak method which has simplicity is recommended to record the latency of N1.The amplitude of N1 wave can be measured by the peak method,and then multiplied by the constant ratio(the constant ratio was about 0.762 in this experiment).(2)The N1 recording can be simplified to Fcz single electrode recording.
Objective To study a stable and reliable recording method for the N1 component in auditory cortex slow response.Methods Sound stimulations were given to 10 young subjects with normal hearing and the brain waves were recorded at the same time.The age range was 21~30 years,the average age was 24.5 years(SD=3.5 years).We used the 1 kHz short pure tone burst(5 ms of ramp-up,40 ms of plateau stage,5 ms of ramp-down,and 50 ms in total),which was delivered at 50 dB SL for 100 repetitions to stimulate auditory cortex slow response.The inter-stimulus interval was randomized between 1 800 ms and 2 600 ms and the total length of time was about 5 min.The EEG data of normal subjects were collected by using a 64 channel Ag/AgCl electrode cap with(M1+M2)/2 as reference,i.e.the mean of the EEG data recorded at bilateral mastoid processes.The latency and amplitude of N1 wave were recorded by peak method and area method respectively.Results N1 wave could be recorded stably from 10 normal hearing subjects.(1)By using six highest amplitude electrodes as measuring electrodes,there was no significant difference in the latency(t=-0.661,P>0.05),whereas there was a significant difference in the amplitude(t=-6.085,P<0.01)as measured by the peak method and the area method.On the other hand,by using the single highest amplitude electrode as measuring electrode,there was no significant difference in the latency(t=-0.349,P>0.05)and there was a significant difference in the amplitude(t=-5.976,P<0.01)as measured by the peak method and the area method.There was a significant ratio between the amplitudes measured by the peak method and the area method,which was(0.759±0.086)(t=27.768,P<0.01)for six electrodes as the observation electrodes and was(0.764±0.094)(t=25.839,P<0.01)for a single electrode as the observation electrode;There was no significant difference between the ratio obtained using six electrodes as observation electrodes and that obtained using a single electrode as the observation electrode(t=-1.480,Pvalue>0.05).(2)For six electrodes as measuring electrodes and a single electrode as the measuring electrode,there was no significant difference in the latency measured by the peak method(t=-1.267,P>0.05),which was the same as the area method(t=0.625,P>0.05),however there was a significant difference in the amplitude as measured by the peak method(t=4.522,P<0.01),which was the same as the area method(t=4.658,P<0.01).Conclusion(1)The latency of N1 is more stable than amplitude so that it is better suited as the indicator of N1.The peak method which has simplicity is recommended to record the latency of N1.The amplitude of N1 wave can be measured by the peak method,and then multiplied by the constant ratio(the constant ratio was about 0.762 in this experiment).(2)The N1 recording can be simplified to Fcz single electrode recording.
引文
1赵伦,主编.ERPs实验教程[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2010.20~22.
2 Bigelow J,Rossi B,Poremba A.Neural correlates of shortterm memory in primate auditory cortex[J].Front Neurosci,2014,8:250.
3 Kern K,Royter V,Corona-Strauss FI,et al.Habituation analysis of chirp vs tone evoked auditory late responses[J].Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc,2010,2010:6825.
4 Moore DR.The diagnosis and management of auditory processing disorder[J].Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch,2011,42:303.
5 Gopal KV,Bishop CE,Carney L.Auditory measures in clinically depressed individuals.II.Auditory evoked potentials and behavioral speech tests[J].Int J Audiol,2004,43:499.
6 Clapp WC,Kirk IJ,Hamm JP,et al.Induction of LTP in the human auditory cortex by sensory stimulation[J].Eur J Neurosci,2005,22:1135.
7 Luck SJ.An introduction to the event-related potential technique[M].Second edition.Chapter 3supplement.America:The MIT Press,2013.1~6.
8 Hyde M.The N1response and its applications[J].Audiol Neurootol,1997;2:281.
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10 Bertrand O,Perrin F,Pernier J.Evidence for a tonotopic organization of the auditory cortex observed with auditory evoked potentials[J].Acta Otolaryngol Suppl,1991,491:116.
11 Verkindt C,Bertrand O,Perrin F,et al.Tonotopic organization of the human auditory cortex:N100topography and multiple dipole model analysis[J].Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol,1995,96:143.
12 Zhang F,Eliassen J,Anderson J,et al.The time course of the amplitude and latency in the auditory late response evoked by repeated tone bursts[J].J Am Acad Audiol,2009,20:239.
13 Dien J,Khoe W,Mangun GR.Evaluation of PCA and ICA of simulated ERPs:promax vs infomax rotations[J].Hum Brain Mapp,2007,28:742.
14 Yvert B,Fischer C,Bertrand O,et al.Localization of human supratemporal auditory areas from intracerebral auditory evoked potentials using distributed source models[J].Neuroimage,2005,28:140.
15 Ozaki I,Hashimoto I.Human tonotopic maps and their rapid task-related changes studied by magnetic source imaging[J].Can J Neurol Sci,2007,34:146.
16 Lei G,Zhao Z,Li Y,et al.A method to induce human cortical long-term potentiation by acoustic stimulation[J].Acta Otolaryngol,2017,137:1069.
2 Bigelow J,Rossi B,Poremba A.Neural correlates of shortterm memory in primate auditory cortex[J].Front Neurosci,2014,8:250.
3 Kern K,Royter V,Corona-Strauss FI,et al.Habituation analysis of chirp vs tone evoked auditory late responses[J].Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc,2010,2010:6825.
4 Moore DR.The diagnosis and management of auditory processing disorder[J].Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch,2011,42:303.
5 Gopal KV,Bishop CE,Carney L.Auditory measures in clinically depressed individuals.II.Auditory evoked potentials and behavioral speech tests[J].Int J Audiol,2004,43:499.
6 Clapp WC,Kirk IJ,Hamm JP,et al.Induction of LTP in the human auditory cortex by sensory stimulation[J].Eur J Neurosci,2005,22:1135.
7 Luck SJ.An introduction to the event-related potential technique[M].Second edition.Chapter 3supplement.America:The MIT Press,2013.1~6.
8 Hyde M.The N1response and its applications[J].Audiol Neurootol,1997;2:281.
9 Hall JW,III.New handbook of auditory evoked responses[M].London:Allyn&Bacon,2006.506~506.
10 Bertrand O,Perrin F,Pernier J.Evidence for a tonotopic organization of the auditory cortex observed with auditory evoked potentials[J].Acta Otolaryngol Suppl,1991,491:116.
11 Verkindt C,Bertrand O,Perrin F,et al.Tonotopic organization of the human auditory cortex:N100topography and multiple dipole model analysis[J].Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol,1995,96:143.
12 Zhang F,Eliassen J,Anderson J,et al.The time course of the amplitude and latency in the auditory late response evoked by repeated tone bursts[J].J Am Acad Audiol,2009,20:239.
13 Dien J,Khoe W,Mangun GR.Evaluation of PCA and ICA of simulated ERPs:promax vs infomax rotations[J].Hum Brain Mapp,2007,28:742.
14 Yvert B,Fischer C,Bertrand O,et al.Localization of human supratemporal auditory areas from intracerebral auditory evoked potentials using distributed source models[J].Neuroimage,2005,28:140.
15 Ozaki I,Hashimoto I.Human tonotopic maps and their rapid task-related changes studied by magnetic source imaging[J].Can J Neurol Sci,2007,34:146.
16 Lei G,Zhao Z,Li Y,et al.A method to induce human cortical long-term potentiation by acoustic stimulation[J].Acta Otolaryngol,2017,137:1069.