和缓艾美耳球虫保定株的分离鉴定与致病性研究
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摘要
采用单卵囊分离技术,从河北省保定市暴发球虫病的某鸡场鸡粪便中成功分离出1株和缓艾美耳球虫(Eimeria mitis),并对其生物学特性和致病性进行了研究。该虫株主要寄生于小肠后段,潜隐期为97 h,孢子化时间为22 h,卵囊呈球形,平均大小为15.9μm×14.4μm,卵囊指数为1.10,PCR鉴定为纯种的和缓艾美耳球虫,将其命名为和缓艾美耳球虫保定株。该虫株排卵期为感染后第4～10天,其中第5～6天为高峰期。SPF鸡分别感染5×10~4个、1×10~5和2×10~5个和缓艾美耳球虫保定株孢子化卵囊后,均出现精神不振、排水样粪便等球虫病引起的临床症状,且各组相对增重率分别为78.5%、63.5%和59.3%,明显低于空白对照组,该虫株具有一定的致病性,表现为发病和减重。
In this study,the single oocyst isolation technique was used,and one strain of chicken coccidia was obtained from diseased chickens in farm of Baoding City where a coccidiosis broke out. Then the biological characteristics and pathogenicity of the strain was studied.The results showed that the isolated coccidia parasitized the posterior segment of the small intestine. Its latent period was 97 hours and the sporulated time was 22 hours. Its oocyst was spherical,the average oocyst size was 15. 9 μm×14. 4 μm,and the oocyst index was 1. 10. The isolated chicken coccidia was determined to be E. mitis according to its morphology and to the PCR results,and was named E. mitis Baoding.The ovulation of the strain began at day 4 to day 10 after infection,of which day 5 to day 6 was the peak of ovulation. The SPF chickens were separately inoculated with 5×10~4,1×10~5 and 2×10~5 sporulated oocysts of this strain,and all of the birds showed depression and liquid stool discharge,and the relative weight gain rates of the three groups of treated chickens were 78. 5%,63. 5% and 59. 3% respectively,all significantly lower than the blank control group. The present test showed that the Baoding strain of E. mitis had certain pathogenicity,resulting in morbidity and weight loss of chickens.
In this study,the single oocyst isolation technique was used,and one strain of chicken coccidia was obtained from diseased chickens in farm of Baoding City where a coccidiosis broke out. Then the biological characteristics and pathogenicity of the strain was studied.The results showed that the isolated coccidia parasitized the posterior segment of the small intestine. Its latent period was 97 hours and the sporulated time was 22 hours. Its oocyst was spherical,the average oocyst size was 15. 9 μm×14. 4 μm,and the oocyst index was 1. 10. The isolated chicken coccidia was determined to be E. mitis according to its morphology and to the PCR results,and was named E. mitis Baoding.The ovulation of the strain began at day 4 to day 10 after infection,of which day 5 to day 6 was the peak of ovulation. The SPF chickens were separately inoculated with 5×10~4,1×10~5 and 2×10~5 sporulated oocysts of this strain,and all of the birds showed depression and liquid stool discharge,and the relative weight gain rates of the three groups of treated chickens were 78. 5%,63. 5% and 59. 3% respectively,all significantly lower than the blank control group. The present test showed that the Baoding strain of E. mitis had certain pathogenicity,resulting in morbidity and weight loss of chickens.
引文
[1]赵爱云,段嘉树.和缓艾美耳球虫(Eimeria mitis)研究进展[J].中国兽医寄生虫病,2006(02):28-33.
[2]杨发龙,蒋锡仕,李必富,等.成都地区鸡球虫种类的初步调查[J].四川畜牧兽医,2001(04):24-29.
[3]肖寒,李培英,王俊生,等.安徽省部分地区鸡球虫种类及感染情况调查[J].中国兽医寄生虫病,2008(02):18-22.
[4]杨立,陈海婷,姚小青,等.鸡场球虫病调查[J].兽医导刊,2017(01):74-75.
[5]Huang Y,Ruan X,Li L,et al.Prevalence of Eimeria species in domestic chickens in Anhui province,China[J].J Parasit Dis,2017,41(04):1014-1019.
[6]陶建平,符敖齐.和缓艾美尔球虫的鉴定及致病性研究[J].江苏农学院学报,1996(04):71-73.
[7]赵爱云,段嘉树.和缓艾美耳球虫石河子株的致病性及免疫原性试验[J].畜牧与兽医,2010,42(10):68-69.
[8]索勋,李国清.鸡球虫病学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,1998:39.
[9]李建梅,刘丹丹,任春芝,等.和缓艾美球虫与早熟艾美球虫的分离与鉴定[J].中国动物传染病学报,2009(04):57-60.
[10]赵爱云,段嘉树.和缓艾美耳球虫石河子株生物学特性分析[J].畜牧与兽医,2012(06):63-65.
[11]Fernandez S,Pagotto A H,Furtado M M,et al.A multiplex PCRassay for the simultaneous detection and discrimination of the seven Eimeria species that infect domestic fowl[J].Parasitology,2003,127(4):317-325.
[12]赵爱云,段嘉树.一株和缓艾美耳球虫的致病性和免疫原性[J].北京农学院学报,2006,21(01):50-52.
[2]杨发龙,蒋锡仕,李必富,等.成都地区鸡球虫种类的初步调查[J].四川畜牧兽医,2001(04):24-29.
[3]肖寒,李培英,王俊生,等.安徽省部分地区鸡球虫种类及感染情况调查[J].中国兽医寄生虫病,2008(02):18-22.
[4]杨立,陈海婷,姚小青,等.鸡场球虫病调查[J].兽医导刊,2017(01):74-75.
[5]Huang Y,Ruan X,Li L,et al.Prevalence of Eimeria species in domestic chickens in Anhui province,China[J].J Parasit Dis,2017,41(04):1014-1019.
[6]陶建平,符敖齐.和缓艾美尔球虫的鉴定及致病性研究[J].江苏农学院学报,1996(04):71-73.
[7]赵爱云,段嘉树.和缓艾美耳球虫石河子株的致病性及免疫原性试验[J].畜牧与兽医,2010,42(10):68-69.
[8]索勋,李国清.鸡球虫病学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,1998:39.
[9]李建梅,刘丹丹,任春芝,等.和缓艾美球虫与早熟艾美球虫的分离与鉴定[J].中国动物传染病学报,2009(04):57-60.
[10]赵爱云,段嘉树.和缓艾美耳球虫石河子株生物学特性分析[J].畜牧与兽医,2012(06):63-65.
[11]Fernandez S,Pagotto A H,Furtado M M,et al.A multiplex PCRassay for the simultaneous detection and discrimination of the seven Eimeria species that infect domestic fowl[J].Parasitology,2003,127(4):317-325.
[12]赵爱云,段嘉树.一株和缓艾美耳球虫的致病性和免疫原性[J].北京农学院学报,2006,21(01):50-52.