相隔5年的中国北方农村认知功能障碍的比较分析
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摘要
目的:通过分析和比较2011年和2015年中国北方农村地区进行的两次认知功能障碍流行病学横断面调查,评估认知功能障碍的发病率及其危险因素的变化。方法:本研究的研究目标为60岁以上的居民。使用简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)测试认知功能障碍(CI)。认知功能障碍(CI)进一步分为痴呆和轻度认知障碍(MCI)。结果:2011年CI患病率为31.1%(MCI为23.4%,痴呆为7.7%),2015年CI患病率为35.8%(27.3%MCI和8.5%痴呆)。女性(B=0. 461; P<0.001),高龄(B=0.873; P<0.001),脑血管病(B=0.695; P<0.001),心脏病(B=0.292; P<0.001),吸烟(B=0.146;P<0.05)与MCI患病率成正相关,而饮酒(B=-0.231;P<0.01),教育程度(B=-0.790;P<0.001)与MCI患病率成负相关,高血压,糖尿病,肥胖对MCI患病率的影响无统计学意义(P>0.05)。女性(B=0.390; P<0.001),高龄(B=1.398; P<0.001),脑血管病(B=1.676; P<0.001),心脏病(B=0.339;P<0.05)与痴呆患病率成正相关,而饮酒(B=-0.433; P<0.01),教育程度(B=-0.943; P<0.001)与痴呆患病率为负相关,高血压,吸烟,糖尿病,肥胖对痴呆患病率的影响无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:随着人口的老化,中国的痴呆患病率逐年增加,患病率的增加可能与人群中随着时间的推移社会人口因素,生活方式,血管危险因素和生活方式改变有关。
Objective To analyze and compare the epidemiological cross-sectional surveys of two cognitive impairments performed in rural areas in northern China in 2011 and 2015 to assess the incidence of cognitive impairment and changes in risk factors. Methods The study's research goal is for residents over 60 years of age. Using the Mini-Mental State Examination Scale(MMSE) test cognitive impairment(CI). Cognitive impairment(CI) is further divided into dementia and mild cognitive impairment(MCI). Results In 2011, the prevalence of CI was 31.1%(MCI was 23.4%, and dementia was 7.7%). In 2015, the prevalence of CI was 35.8%(27.3% MCI and 8.5% dementia). Female(B=0.461; P<0.001), Elderly(B=0.873; P<0.001), Cerebrovascular Disease(B=0.695; P<0.001), Heart Disease(B=0.292; P<0.001), Smoking(B=0.146; P<0.05) was positively correlated with the prevalence of MCI, while drinking(B=-0.231; P<0.01) and education(B=-0.790; P<0.001) were negatively correlated with the prevalence of MCI. The influence of hypertension, diabetes, and obesity on the prevalence of MCI was not statistically significant(P>0.05). Female(B=0.390; P<0.001), Elderly(B=1.398; P<0.001), Cerebrovascular Disease(B=1.676; P<0.001), Heart Disease(B=0.339; P<0.05) and Dementia Prevalence rate was positively correlated, while alcohol consumption(B=-0.433; P<0.01), education level(B=-0.943; P<0.001) was negatively correlated with the prevalence of dementia, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, and obesity for dementia. The effect of prevalence was not statistically significant(P>0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of cognitive impairment(CI) may be related to changes in sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, vascular risk factors, and lifestyle changes over time in the population.
Objective To analyze and compare the epidemiological cross-sectional surveys of two cognitive impairments performed in rural areas in northern China in 2011 and 2015 to assess the incidence of cognitive impairment and changes in risk factors. Methods The study's research goal is for residents over 60 years of age. Using the Mini-Mental State Examination Scale(MMSE) test cognitive impairment(CI). Cognitive impairment(CI) is further divided into dementia and mild cognitive impairment(MCI). Results In 2011, the prevalence of CI was 31.1%(MCI was 23.4%, and dementia was 7.7%). In 2015, the prevalence of CI was 35.8%(27.3% MCI and 8.5% dementia). Female(B=0.461; P<0.001), Elderly(B=0.873; P<0.001), Cerebrovascular Disease(B=0.695; P<0.001), Heart Disease(B=0.292; P<0.001), Smoking(B=0.146; P<0.05) was positively correlated with the prevalence of MCI, while drinking(B=-0.231; P<0.01) and education(B=-0.790; P<0.001) were negatively correlated with the prevalence of MCI. The influence of hypertension, diabetes, and obesity on the prevalence of MCI was not statistically significant(P>0.05). Female(B=0.390; P<0.001), Elderly(B=1.398; P<0.001), Cerebrovascular Disease(B=1.676; P<0.001), Heart Disease(B=0.339; P<0.05) and Dementia Prevalence rate was positively correlated, while alcohol consumption(B=-0.433; P<0.01), education level(B=-0.943; P<0.001) was negatively correlated with the prevalence of dementia, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, and obesity for dementia. The effect of prevalence was not statistically significant(P>0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of cognitive impairment(CI) may be related to changes in sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, vascular risk factors, and lifestyle changes over time in the population.
引文
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[20]Panza F,Frisardi V,Seripa D,et al.Alcohol consumption in mild cognitive impairment and dementia:harmful or neuroprotective?[J].International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry,2012,27(12):1218-1238.
[2]Liu S,Li C,Shi Z,et al.Caregiver Burden and Prevalence of Depression,Anxiety and Sleep Disturbances in Alzheimer’s Disease Caregivers in China[J].Journal of Clinical Nursing,2016,26(9-10).
[3]Austrom M G,Lu Y.Long Term Caregiving:Helping Families of Persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment Cope[J].Current Alzheimer Research,2009,6(4):392-8.
[4]Morris J C,Storandt M,Miller J P,et al.Mild cognitive impairment represents early-stage Alzheimer disease.[J].Archives of Neurology,2001,58(3):397-405.
[5]Huang J,Meyer J S,Zhang Z,et al.Progression of mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s or vascular dementia versus normative aging among elderly Chinese.[J].Current Alzheimer Research,2005,2(5):571-8.
[6]Petersen R C.Mild cognitive impairment:transition between aging and Alzheimer’s disease.[J].Neurología,2000,15(3):93-101.
[7]Prince M,Wimo A,Guerchet M,et al.World Alzheimer Report 2015.The Global Impact of Dementia.An Analysis of Prevalence,Incidence,Cost and Trends[J].2015.
[8]Jia J,Zhou A,Wei C,et al.The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment and its etiological subtypesin elderly Chinese[J].Alzheimers&Dementia,2014,10(4):439-447.
[9]Ding D,Zhao Q,Guo Q,et al.Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in an urban community in China:A cross-sectional analysis of the Shanghai Aging Study[J].Alzheimers&Dementia,2015,11(3):300-309.e2.
[10]Ji Y,Shi Z,Zhang Y,et al.Prevalence of Dementia and Main Subtypes in Rural Northern China[J].Dementia&Geriatric Cognitive Disorders,2015,39(6):294-302.
[11]Jia J,Gauthier S,Pallotta S,et al.Consensus-based recommendations for the management of rapid cognitive decline due to Alzheimer's disease[J].Alzheimers&Dementia,2017,13(5).
[12]Peng D,Shi Z,Xu J,et al.Demographic and clinical characteristics related to cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease in China:A multicenter survey from 2011 to2014[J].Medicine,2016,95(26):e3727.
[13]Zhang J,Zhou W,Cassidy R M,et al.Risk factors for amyloid positivity in older people reporting significant memory concern[J].Comprehensive Psychiatry,2018,80.
[14]Letellier N,Gutierrez L A,Carrière I,et al.Sex-specific association between neighborhood characteristics and dementia:The Three-City cohort[J].Alzheimers&Dementia the Journal of the Alzheimers Association,2017.
[15]Kuate D B,Mbanya J C,Tardif J C,et al.Diagnosis,Prevalence,Awareness,Treatment,Prevention,and Control of Hypertension in Cameroon:Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinic-Based and Community-Based Studies:[J].Jmir Research Protocols,2017,6(5):e102.
[16]Honig L S,Tang M X,Albert S,et al.Stroke and the risk of Alzheimer disease[J].Archives of Neurology,2003,60(12):1707-1712.
[17]Torre J C D L.Is Alzheimer’s disease a neurodegenerative or a vascular disorder?Data,dogma,and dialectics[J].Lancet Neurology,2004,3(3):184.
[18]Haan M N,Mungas D M,Gonzalez H M,et al.Prevalence of dementia in older latinos:the influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus,stroke and genetic factors.[J].Journal of the American Geriatrics Society,2003,51(2):169-177.
[19]Guo Z,Viitanen M,Fratiglioni L,et al.Low blood pressure and dementia in elderly people:the Kungsholmen project[J].Bmj,1996,312(7034):805-8.
[20]Panza F,Frisardi V,Seripa D,et al.Alcohol consumption in mild cognitive impairment and dementia:harmful or neuroprotective?[J].International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry,2012,27(12):1218-1238.