月桂酸单甘油酯对中华鳖生长、健康及营养品质的影响
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摘要
为了研究月桂酸单甘油酯(GML)对中华鳖生长、健康及营养品质的影响,在生产条件下,将2.4万只初始体重为(50.23±14.92) g的中华鳖稚鳖分为2组,每组20个重复,每个重复为1个饲养池,每池放养600只。对照组投喂基础饲料,试验组投喂在基础饲料中添加0.02%GM L的试验饲料,试验期200 d。结果表明:试验组中华鳖的增重率、特定生长率、背甲长、背甲宽及存活率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组中华鳖血清中尿素氮含量及碱性磷酸酶、超氧化物歧化酶、溶菌酶活性与对照组相比显著增加(P<0.05),同时肌肉、裙边中粗蛋白质、总鲜味氨基酸、总必需氨基酸、总氨基酸与肌肉中多不饱和脂肪酸含量也较对照组显著增加(P<0.05)。由此得出,在饲料中添加0.02%的GML可显著促进中华鳖生长,同时对中华鳖的健康状况和营养品质有显著的改善作用。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of glycerol monolaurate(GML) on growth,health and nutritional quality of Chinese soft-shelled turtle(Pelodiscus sinensis).In this study,a total of24 000 Chinese soft-shelled turtle juveniles with an initial body weight of(50.23±14.92) g were divided into2 groups with 20 replicates(tanks) per group and 600 turtles per tank.The turtles in control group were fed a basal diet,while those in experimental group were the basal diet supplemented 0.02% GML for 200 days under the production conditions.The results showed that the weight gain rate,specific growth rate,carapace length,carapace width,and survival rate of turtles in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the content of urea nitrogen and the activities of alkaline phosphatase,superoxide dismutase and lysozyme in serum in the experimental group were significantly increased(P<0.05),at the same time,the contents of crude protein,total flavor amino acids,total essential amino acids,total amino acids in meat and calipash and polyunsaturated fatty acids in meat were significantly increased(P < 0.05).In conclusion,diets supplemented with 0.02% GML can significantly improve the growth,health status and nutritional quality of Chinese soft-shelled turtle.
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of glycerol monolaurate(GML) on growth,health and nutritional quality of Chinese soft-shelled turtle(Pelodiscus sinensis).In this study,a total of24 000 Chinese soft-shelled turtle juveniles with an initial body weight of(50.23±14.92) g were divided into2 groups with 20 replicates(tanks) per group and 600 turtles per tank.The turtles in control group were fed a basal diet,while those in experimental group were the basal diet supplemented 0.02% GML for 200 days under the production conditions.The results showed that the weight gain rate,specific growth rate,carapace length,carapace width,and survival rate of turtles in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the content of urea nitrogen and the activities of alkaline phosphatase,superoxide dismutase and lysozyme in serum in the experimental group were significantly increased(P<0.05),at the same time,the contents of crude protein,total flavor amino acids,total essential amino acids,total amino acids in meat and calipash and polyunsaturated fatty acids in meat were significantly increased(P < 0.05).In conclusion,diets supplemented with 0.02% GML can significantly improve the growth,health status and nutritional quality of Chinese soft-shelled turtle.
引文
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[11]刘梦芸,陈晓倩,赵豪斌等.饲粮中添加单月桂酸甘油酯对肉鸡生长性能、消化能力及鸡肉营养品质的影响[J].食品科学,2018,39(15):67-71.
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[15]廖家成,贝抗胜,连银川.骨形态发生蛋白7诱导骨膜细胞碱性磷酸酶的表达[J].中国组织工程研究,2013,17(33):5917-5922.
[16]宋昕恬,张晶莹,孟令仪,等.人参三醇组皂苷对运动疲劳大鼠血糖、血乳酸、血尿素氮的影响[J].中国卫生工程学,2013,12(5):359-361.
[17]TAKEUCHI H,SEKINE S,KOJIMA K,et al.The application of medium-chain fatty acids:edible oil with a suppressing effect on body fat accumulation[J].Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2008,17(Suppl.1):320-323.
[18]LEPINE A J,BOYD R D,WELCH J.Effect of colostrum intake on plasma glucose,non-esterified fatty acid and glucoregulatory hormone patterns in the neonatal pig[J].Domestic Animal Endocrinology,1989,6(3):231-241.
[19]李娇红.低密度脂蛋白致高脂血症及动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死的机制[J].西南军医,2012,14(3):518-520.
[20]张新胜,刘英华,徐庆,等.中链脂肪酸对高甘油三酯血症合并不同水平HDL-C患者体重和体脂的影响[J].军医进修学院学报,2012,33(2):120-123.
[21]刘英华,张永,于晓明,等.中链脂肪酸对高脂饲料喂养的C57BL/6J小鼠高密度脂蛋白的影响[J].军医进修学院学报,2012,33(2):110-113.
[22]NOGUCHI O,TAKEUCHI H,KUBOTA F,et al.Larger diet-induced thermogenesis and less body fat accumulation in rats fed medium-chain triacylglycerols than in those fed long-chain triacylglycerols[J].Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology,2002,48(6):524-529.
[23]刘梦芸,陈晓倩,赵豪斌,等.饲粮中添加单月桂酸甘油酯对肉鸡生长性能、消化能力及鸡肉营养品质的影响[J].食品科学,2018,39(15):67-71.
[24]廖灵旋,于昊,黄建忠.多不饱和脂肪酸合成途径研究进展[J].微生物学杂志,2014,34(3):80-85.
[25]杭晓敏,唐涌濂,柳向龙.多不饱和脂肪酸的研究进展[J].生物工程进展,2001,21(4):18-21.
[26]LENTJES MA H,KEOGH R H,WELCH A A,et al.Total(food and supplement)n-3 PUFA intake is associated with lower Coronary Heart Disease mortality,independently of fish intake[J].Proceedings of the Nutrition Society,2016,75(OCE1):E42.
[27]SCHLIEVERT P M,PETERSON ML.Glycerol monolaurate antibacterial activity in broth and biofilm cultures[J].PLoS One,2012,7(7):e40350.
[2]张希,阙斐,宗红,等.月桂酸单甘油酯及其复配物对食品腐败菌的抑菌特性[J].中国食品学报,2016,16(5):89-94.
[3]VAN IMMERSEEL F,DE BUCK J,BOYEN F,et al.Medium-chain fatty acids decrease colonization and invasion through hilA suppression shortly after infection of chickens with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2004,70(6):3582-3587.
[4]丁华珍,赵鑫,王益军,等.不同剂量中链脂肪酸甘油酯在断奶仔猪中的应用与效益分析[J].饲料博览,2016(5):20-23.
[5]朱成林,孙家鹏.中链脂肪酸对新生仔猪成活率和增重的作用[J].新疆畜牧业,2000(增刊1):11-14.
[6]汪成竹,姚鹃,吴凡,等.免疫多糖(酵母细胞壁)对中华鳖非特异性免疫功能的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2006,25(4):421-425.
[7]桂琳,王晓清,康银,等.复合益生菌对中华鳖生长及血液生化指标的影响[J].水生态学杂志,2015,36(2):95-100.
[8]马晓,王璐明,王晓清,等.复方中草药制剂对中华鳖生长、体组成及血清指标的影响[J].水产科学,2016,35(2):147-151.
[9]赵玉蓉,金柏涛,梁健,等.一种复方植物提取物对中华鳖生长性能及血液生化指标的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2013,39(6):641-645.
[10]刘梦芸,王建莉,冯凤琴.饲粮添加单月桂酸甘油酯对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、血清生化指标、免疫器官指数和腹脂形态的影响[J].中国家禽,2017,39(17):24-30.
[11]刘梦芸,陈晓倩,赵豪斌等.饲粮中添加单月桂酸甘油酯对肉鸡生长性能、消化能力及鸡肉营养品质的影响[J].食品科学,2018,39(15):67-71.
[12]HANCZAKOWSKA E,SWIATKIEWICZ M,HANCZAKOWSKI P,et al.Medium-chain fatty acids as feed supplements for weaned piglets[J].Medycyna Weterynaryjna,2010,66(5):331-334.
[13]马允莉.中链脂肪酸对鸡的影响[J].饲料研究,1997(3):29-30.
[14]HERMANS D,MARTEL A,GARMYN A,et al.Application of medium-chain fatty acids in drinking water increases Campylobacter jejuni colonization threshold in broiler chicks[J].Poultry Science,2012,91(7):1733-1738.
[15]廖家成,贝抗胜,连银川.骨形态发生蛋白7诱导骨膜细胞碱性磷酸酶的表达[J].中国组织工程研究,2013,17(33):5917-5922.
[16]宋昕恬,张晶莹,孟令仪,等.人参三醇组皂苷对运动疲劳大鼠血糖、血乳酸、血尿素氮的影响[J].中国卫生工程学,2013,12(5):359-361.
[17]TAKEUCHI H,SEKINE S,KOJIMA K,et al.The application of medium-chain fatty acids:edible oil with a suppressing effect on body fat accumulation[J].Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2008,17(Suppl.1):320-323.
[18]LEPINE A J,BOYD R D,WELCH J.Effect of colostrum intake on plasma glucose,non-esterified fatty acid and glucoregulatory hormone patterns in the neonatal pig[J].Domestic Animal Endocrinology,1989,6(3):231-241.
[19]李娇红.低密度脂蛋白致高脂血症及动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死的机制[J].西南军医,2012,14(3):518-520.
[20]张新胜,刘英华,徐庆,等.中链脂肪酸对高甘油三酯血症合并不同水平HDL-C患者体重和体脂的影响[J].军医进修学院学报,2012,33(2):120-123.
[21]刘英华,张永,于晓明,等.中链脂肪酸对高脂饲料喂养的C57BL/6J小鼠高密度脂蛋白的影响[J].军医进修学院学报,2012,33(2):110-113.
[22]NOGUCHI O,TAKEUCHI H,KUBOTA F,et al.Larger diet-induced thermogenesis and less body fat accumulation in rats fed medium-chain triacylglycerols than in those fed long-chain triacylglycerols[J].Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology,2002,48(6):524-529.
[23]刘梦芸,陈晓倩,赵豪斌,等.饲粮中添加单月桂酸甘油酯对肉鸡生长性能、消化能力及鸡肉营养品质的影响[J].食品科学,2018,39(15):67-71.
[24]廖灵旋,于昊,黄建忠.多不饱和脂肪酸合成途径研究进展[J].微生物学杂志,2014,34(3):80-85.
[25]杭晓敏,唐涌濂,柳向龙.多不饱和脂肪酸的研究进展[J].生物工程进展,2001,21(4):18-21.
[26]LENTJES MA H,KEOGH R H,WELCH A A,et al.Total(food and supplement)n-3 PUFA intake is associated with lower Coronary Heart Disease mortality,independently of fish intake[J].Proceedings of the Nutrition Society,2016,75(OCE1):E42.
[27]SCHLIEVERT P M,PETERSON ML.Glycerol monolaurate antibacterial activity in broth and biofilm cultures[J].PLoS One,2012,7(7):e40350.