易地扶贫搬迁项目区土地利用合理性评价
详细信息    查看全文 | 推荐本文 |
  • 英文篇名:Evaluation on rationality of land use at poverty alleviation relocation project area
  • 作者:张博胜 ; 杨子生
  • 英文作者:Zhang Bosheng;Yang Zisheng;School of Economics, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics;Institute of Land & Resources and Sustainable Development, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics;Institute of Targeted Poverty Alleviation and Development, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics;
  • 关键词:土地利用 ; GIS ; 评价 ; 合理性 ; 易地扶贫搬迁 ; 贫困县 ; 寻甸县
  • 英文关键词:land use;;GIS;;evaluation;;rationality;;poverty alleviation relocation;;poverty county;;Xundian County
  • 中文刊名:NYGU
  • 英文刊名:Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
  • 机构:云南财经大学经济学院;云南财经大学国土资源与持续发展研究所;云南财经大学精准扶贫与发展研究院;
  • 出版日期:2018-11-23
  • 出版单位:农业工程学报
  • 年:2018
  • 期:v.34;No.349
  • 基金:国家自然科学基金资助项目(41261018);; 中共昆明市委农村工作领导小组办公室委托项目《昆明市寻甸县贫困退出摘帽预评估》
  • 语种:中文;
  • 页:NYGU201822031
  • 页数:10
  • CN:22
  • ISSN:11-2047/S
  • 分类号:254-263
摘要
合理利用土地资源是实施易地扶贫搬迁项目的内在要求。为探明扶贫搬迁项目区土地利用合理性及其制约因素,进一步给项目区土地资源利用指明方向。该文以中国西部山区典型贫困县——云南寻甸县的3个典型易地扶贫搬迁项目为实例,分析了搬迁项目区土地利用特征及原因,并对项目区土地利用合理性进行了评价研究。结果表明:1)在脆弱的自然地理环境及有限的项目投入资金成本等因素的限制之下,安置区(迁入区)用地以建设占用耕地为主,占用其他地类(林地和荒草地)为辅,新增建设用地比例较大。且占地地块坡度较陡,6°~25°地块是主要安置区域,少数安置区地形坡度大于25°。2)短期内,受到区域物资供应短缺、产业发展困难及传统文化思想和生活习俗等因素的制约,迁出区宅基地复垦、陡坡耕地退耕还林存在明显滞后现象。3)3个典型项目区土地利用合理度值均在0.50以上,其中,打磨箐搬迁项目为0.530 9,处于"低度不合理"等级;迤郎库搬迁项目和上龙潭箐搬迁项目分别为0.605 3和0.642 6,均处于"低度合理"等级。安置区地形坡度(I1)、迁出区宅基地复垦率(I6)与迁出区陡坡耕地退耕率(I7)是项目区土地利用合理性的共同制约因素。安置区离散度(I3)与安置区建设所占地类(I9)对项目区土地利用合理性产生不同程度的影响。4)安置区地形坡度(I1)、迁出区宅基地复垦率(I6)、迁出区陡坡耕地退耕率(I7)及安置区建设所占地类(I9)4个评价指标亦是全县易地扶贫搬迁项目区土地利用合理性的主要影响指标。
        It was an inherent requirement for rational utilization of land resources to the implementation of Poverty Alleviation Reallocation. In this paper, we analyzed characteristics, causes and rationality of land use at three poverty alleviation reallocation project area in Xundian which is a typical mountainous poverty county in Yunnan province located at southwest of China, with help of field surveying(random sampling for door to door questionnaire survey), GIS technology(coordinate conversion, geometric Correction, pattern vectorizaton and spatial overlay analysis, etc.) and other technical methods, so as to finding out rationality and constraints of land use and define directions for rational utilization of land resource for those project areas. Results showed that limited by the fragile physical environment and low input, resettlement area increased a large number of new construction land which mainly transferred from cultivated land and the other transferred from forest land and grassland in poor mountainous area. Those new added construction lands mainly located at slope area among 6° to 25°, few construction land even located in the areas above 25°. The results also showed that it was significantly lagged for land reclamation from homestead and reforestation from steep slope cropland at the out-migration area restricted by shortage of necessities, challenges of existing industries, traditional cultural habits and life styles. In addition, reasonability indexes were above 0.50 for the three studied project areas. Shanglongtanqing and Yilangku had reached low-rationality level with 0.642 6 and 0.605 3, respectively, Damoqing had the low-irrationality level with 0.530 9. The common factors which affected land use rationality included slope at the resettlement area(I1), reclamation rate from homestead(I6) and reforestation rate from steep slope cropland(I7) at the out-migration area. The other factors such as resettlement area dispersion(I3) and land-use type transferred into new added construction land at the resettlement area(I9) had some extent influences on land use rationality. Moreover, our results showed that the main impact factors which influenced land use rationality for the whole Xundian county included slope of resettlement area(I1), reclamation rate from homestead at out-migration area(I6), reforestation from steep slope cropland at out-migration area(I7), and land-use type transferred into new added construction land at the resettlement area(I9). It was necessary to implementing the policy strictly, taking full account of both regional land resources and environmental conditions, planning spatial layout for project land properly for the further poverty alleviation reallocation project. Measures should be implemented such as reclamation from homestead and reforestation from steep slope cropland at out-migration area without delay, and improve living environment practical at poor mountain areas.
引文
[1]国家发展改革委员会.全国“十三五”易地扶贫搬迁规划[EB/OL].[2016-09-20].http://www.ndrc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbghwb/201610/W020161031520838587005.pdf.
    [2]国务院.“十三五”脱贫攻坚规划[M].北京:人民出版社,2016:1-79.
    [3]国务院.中国农村扶贫开发纲要(2011-2020年)[M].北京:人民出版社,2011:1-25.
    [4]国家民族事务委员会.云南省全力推进易地扶贫搬迁[EB/OL].[2016-02-24].http://www.seac.gov.cn/art/2016/2/24/art_36_248320.html.
    [5]何得桂,党国英.西部山区易地扶贫搬迁政策执行偏差研究:基于陕南的实地调查[J].国家行政学院学报,2015(5):119-123.He Degui,Dang Guoying.Study on implementation deviation of the poverty alleviation and relocation policy in the western mountainous areas:Based on the field survey in southern Shaanxi[J].Journal of National School of Administration,2015(5):119-123.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [6]李博,左婷.遭遇搬迁:精准扶贫视角下扶贫移民搬迁政策执行逻辑的探讨:以陕南王村为例[J].中国农业大学学报:社会科学版,2016,33(2):25-31.Li Bo,Zuo Ting.Encountering relocation:The discussion about poverty alleviation migration relocation policy implementation logic from the perspective of precise poverty alleviation:Take Wang village in southern Shaanxi for example[J].Journal of China Agricultural University:Social Science Edition,2016,33(2):25-31.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [7]李聪,康博纬,李萍,等.易地移民搬迁对农户生态系统服务依赖度的影响:来自陕南的证据[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(11):115-123.Li Cong,Kang Bowei,Li Ping,et al.Impacts of relocation and settlement program on rural households’dependence on ecosystem[J].China Population,Resources and Environment,2017,27(11):115-123.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [8]周恩宇,卯丹.易地扶贫搬迁的实践及其后果:一项社会文化转型视角的分析[J].中国农业大学学报:社会科学版,2017,34(2):69-77.Zhou Enyu,Mao Dan.The practice and its consequence of relocation of poverty alleviation:An analysis of a social and cultural transformation[J].Journal of China Agricultural University:Social Science Edition,2017,34(2):69-77.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [9]殷浩栋,王瑜,汪三贵.易地扶贫搬迁户的识别:多维贫困测度及分解[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(11):104-114.Ying Haodong,Wang Yu,Wang Sangui.Identification of poverty alleviation relocation households:Multidimensional poverty measurement and its decomposition[J].China Population,Resources and Environment,2017,27(11):104-114.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [10]陈胜东,蔡静远,廖文梅.易地扶贫搬迁对农户减贫效应实证分析:基于赣南原中央苏区农户的调研[J].农林经济管理学报,2016,15(6):632-640.Chen Shengdong,Cai Jingyuan,Liao Wenmei.Effect of relocation on farmers’poverty alleviation:Based on investigation of former central soviet areas in Gannan[J].Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Economic Management,2016,15(6):632-640.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [11]王永平,吴晓秋,黄海燕,等.土地资源稀缺地区生态移民安置模式探讨:以贵州省为例[J].生态经济,2014,30(1):66-69,82.Wang Yongping,Wu Xiaoqiu,Huang Haiyan,et al.The resettlement mode of ecological migration in the regions of scarce land resources:In case of Guizhou province[J].Ecological Economy,2014,30(1):66-69,82.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [12]金梅,申云.易地扶贫搬迁模式与农户生计资本变动:基于准实验的政策评估[J].广东财经大学学报,2017,32(5):70-81.Jin Mei,Shen Yun.The relocation mode of off-site poverty alleviation and the change of household livelihood capital:Policy evaluation based on quasi experiment[J].Journal of Guangdong University of Finance and Economics,2017,32(5):70-81.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [13]黎洁.陕西安康移民搬迁农户的生计适应策略与适应力感知[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(9):44-52.Li Jie.Livelihood adaptation strategy and perceived adaptive capacity of rural relocated households in southern Shaanxi Province,China[J].China Population,Resources and Environment,2016,26(9):44-52.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [14]徐锡广,申鹏.易地扶贫搬迁移民的可持续性生计研究:基于贵州省的调查分析[J].贵州财经大学学报,2018(1):103-110.Xu Xiguang,Shen Peng.Research on sustainable livelihoods of relocate migrants based on poverty alleviation:Investigation and analysis on the migrants of Guizhou province[J].Journal of Guizhou University of Finance and Economics,2018(1):103-110.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [15]姚树荣,龙婷玉.基于精准扶贫的城乡建设用地增减挂钩政策创新[J].西南民族大学学报:人文社会科学版,2016,37(11):124-129.Yao Shurong,Long Tingyu.The policy innovation of linking the increase in land used for urban construction with the decrease in land used for rural construction based on precision poverty alleviation[J].Journal of Southwest University for Nationalities(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition),2016,37(11):124-129.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [16]胡业翠,刘桂真,李静.移民安置区农户土地利用与生计变化研究[J].中国土地科学,2016,30(10):29-36.Hu Yecui,Liu Guizhen,Li Jing.Research on land use and household livelihood change in immigrant area[J].China Land Science,2016,30(10):29-36.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [17]刘耀彬,刘卫东,谭术魁.城乡土地利用结构合理性评判研究:以舟山市定海区为例[J].人文地理,2008,23(3):45-48.Liu Yaobin,Liu Weidong,Tan Shukui.Research on the rationality of the urban-rural land use structure in Dinghai district of Zhoushan city[J].Human Geography,2008,23(3):45-48.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [18]文洁,刘学录.基于改进TOPSIS方法的甘肃省土地利用结构合理性评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(4):234-239.Wen Jie,Liu Xuelu.Assessment of rationality of land use structure in Gansu province based on improved TOPSISmethod[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2009,27(4):234-239.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [19]李建春,张军连,李宪文,等.银川市基本农田保护区空间布局合理性评价[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(3):242-249.Li Jianchun,Zhang Junlian,Li Xianwen,et al.Evaluation of spatial distribution of basic farmland conservation area in Yinchuan[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(Transactions of the CSAE),2013,29(3):242-249.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [20]李建春,张军连,周杨,等.基于GIS的土地利用规划空间布局合理性评价[J].中国土地科学,2013,27(12):32-38.Li Jianchun,Zhang Junlian,Zhou Yang,et al.Evaluation on the spatial feasibility of the overall land use planning based on GIS[J].China Land Science,2013,27(12):32-38.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [21]叶晓雯,陈逸,张琳,等.我国建设用地开发度及其合理性分析[J].经济地理,2011,31(12):2094-2099.Ye Xiaowen,Chen Yi,Zhang Lin,et al.Our country construction land development degree and rationality analysis[J].Economic Geography,2011,31(12):2094-2099.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [22]方艳丽,王瑷玲,刘玉清.工业化地区农村居民点用地合理性评价及整治方向[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(4):161-166.Fang Yanli,Wang Ailing,Liu Yuqing.Evaluation of rural settlement land rational use and consolidation direction in the industrialized areas[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(4):161-166.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [23]杨子生,韩华丽,朱玉碧,等.退耕还林工程驱动下的土地利用变化合理性研究:以云南芒市为例[J].自然资源学报,2011,26(5):733-745.Yang Zisheng,Han Huali,Zhu Yubi,et al.The rationality evaluation of land use changes in the middle and low mountain basin and valley area of southwest Yunnan province driven by the national project of converting farmland to forest:A case study in Luxi city[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2011,26(5):733-745.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [24]封建民,王黎,文琦.榆神府矿区土地利用变化及合理性分析[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(1):188-193.Feng Jianmin,Wang Li,Wen Qi.Land use changes and its rationality evaluation in the Yushenfu mining area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(1):188-193.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [25]汪滨,张志强.黄土高原典型流域退耕还林土地利用变化及其合理性评价[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(7):235-245.Wang Bin,Zhang Zhiqiang.Land use change driven by sloping land conversion program in typical watershed on Loess Plateau and its rationality evaluation[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(Transactions of the CSAE),2017,33(7):235-245.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [26]余庆年,赵登辉.我国各级城市用地规模合理性的比较研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2001,11(2):39-42.Yu Qingnian,Zhao Denghui.Comparable study of rationality of land scale in China’s cities[J].China Population,Resources and Environment,2001,11(2):39-42.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [27]王振波,徐小黎,张蔷.中国城市规模格局的合理性评价[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2015,25(12):121-128.Wang Zhenbo,Xu Xiaoli,Zhang Qiang.Rationality assessment of Chinese urban scale structure pattern[J].China Population,Resources and Environment,2015,25(12):121-128.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [28]杨俊,王占岐,柴季,等.中国山区城乡建设用地增减挂钩项目合理性辨析[J].经济地理,2015,35(2):149-154,208.Yang Jun,Wang Zhanqi,Cai Ji,et al.Analysis on the rationality of the project of linking the increase in land used for urban construction with the decrease in land used for rural construction in China mountain area[J].Economic Geography,2015,35(2):149-154,208.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [29]蔡朕,刁承泰,王锐,等.基于集对分析的高标准基本农田建设项目选址合理性评价:以重庆市梁平县为例[J].中国生态农业学报,2014,22(7):828-836.Cai Zhen,Diao Chengtai,Wang Rui,et al.Evaluation of the reasonability of site selection for high quality capital farmland construction project based on set pair analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2014,22(7):828-836.(in Chinese with English abstract)
    [30]全国人大常委会.中华人民共和国土地管理法[N].北京:中国法制出版社,2004:1-17.
    [31]全国人大常委会.中华人民共和国水土保持法[N].北京:中国法制出版社,2011:1-20.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700