基于语料库的《黄帝内经》脑系病名规范化翻译
|
摘要
文章选取《黄帝内经》2部译本和现行具有权威性的4部汉英对照中医名词术语标准为语料来源,建立了针对性的小型语料库。通过统计分析语料库中病名术语英译文的一致率,发现2个译本和4部标准中脑系病名英译文Ⅰ级(术语英译文完全一致)、Ⅱ级(术语英译文基本一致)、Ⅲ级(术语英译文部分一致)的一致率为零;Ⅳ级(术语英译文不一致)一致率的术语共16条,V级(术语英译文不存在)一致率的术语共74条。笔者对Ⅳ级术语(以"柔痉、肉痿、筋痿、暴聋、真头痛"为例)进行术语涵义考辨及英译文对比研究,探讨合理的译法,以期为《黄帝内经》病名术语翻译的规范化、中医疾病名词术语标准的词量扩充及翻译修订带来启示。
In this paper, a targeted small corpus was established and two versions of Huangdi Neijing and the current authoritative Chinese-English terminology standard of TCM terms were selected as the source of the corpus. Then, the concordance rate of translation of disease terms in corpus was statistically analyzed. It was found that the consistency rate of Level Ⅰ(the terminology translation is completely consistent), Level Ⅱ(terminology translation is basically the same), Level Ⅲ(terminology English translation is partially consistent) was zero in the two versions of Huangdi Neijing and the current authoritative Chinese-English terminology standard of TCM terms. There were 16 terms of Level Ⅳ(the terminology translation is completely different) and 74 terms of Level Ⅴ(the translation is not existing). At last, the author took ‘febrile convulsion without chills, muscle flaccidity, tendon flaccidity, sudden deafness, intolerable headache' of Level Ⅳ as examples to examine the meaning of the terms and contrasted their different translations so as to explore reasonable translations. It hopes that this research can provide enlightenment for the standardization of disease name translation in Huangdi Neijing and for the expansion of the vocabulary and the revision of translation of TCM terminology.
In this paper, a targeted small corpus was established and two versions of Huangdi Neijing and the current authoritative Chinese-English terminology standard of TCM terms were selected as the source of the corpus. Then, the concordance rate of translation of disease terms in corpus was statistically analyzed. It was found that the consistency rate of Level Ⅰ(the terminology translation is completely consistent), Level Ⅱ(terminology translation is basically the same), Level Ⅲ(terminology English translation is partially consistent) was zero in the two versions of Huangdi Neijing and the current authoritative Chinese-English terminology standard of TCM terms. There were 16 terms of Level Ⅳ(the terminology translation is completely different) and 74 terms of Level Ⅴ(the translation is not existing). At last, the author took ‘febrile convulsion without chills, muscle flaccidity, tendon flaccidity, sudden deafness, intolerable headache' of Level Ⅳ as examples to examine the meaning of the terms and contrasted their different translations so as to explore reasonable translations. It hopes that this research can provide enlightenment for the standardization of disease name translation in Huangdi Neijing and for the expansion of the vocabulary and the revision of translation of TCM terminology.
引文
[1]朱建平.中医药名词术语规范化现状问题与对策.中华中医药杂志,2017,32(4):1633-1637
[2]谭颖颖,刘昭纯.《内经》疾病命名特点探析.中医药学刊,2006,24(9)::1682-1683
[3]刘耀,周扬.中医药古文献语料库词语标识标准探讨.中国中医药信息杂志,2002,9(3):85-87
[4]闻永毅,樊新荣.中医英语语料库建设可行性探讨.上海中医药杂志,2003,37(4):45-46
[5]倪传斌.中医英语语料库的建库原则.上海中医药大学学报,2005,19(3):5-6
[6]闻永毅,樊新荣.基于语料库的《黄帝内经》研究方法探索.中国中医基础医学杂志,2011,17(5):493-495
[7]兰凤利.基于平行语料库的中医典籍基本概念英译研究.上海:上海交通大学,2008:37
[8]刘延金,雷刚,陈海员,等.中医汉英双语语料库平台.计算机工程,2008,34(11):266-267
[9]李苹,施蕴中.语料库语言学《黄帝内经》汉英语料库.中国科技信息,2009(3):259-261
[10]徐春捷,赵秋荣.中医翻译框架中的英汉平行语料库的研发.外语学刊,2014(4):152-154
[11]兰彩玉.中药汉英双语平行语料库的设计及构建.亚太传统医药,2014,10(8):1-3
[12]朱剑飞.《黄帝内经》英译研究的语料库视角.中国中医基础医学杂志,2015(9):1161-1164
[13]黄昌宁,李涓子.语料库语言学.北京:商务印书馆,2002
[14]李照国.YELLOW EMPEROR’S CANON OF MEDICINE PLAIN CONVERSATION.西安:世界图书出版公司,2005
[15]吴连胜,吴奇.YELLOW EMPEROR’S CANON OF INTERNAL MEDICINE.北京:中国科学技术出版社,1997
[16]谢竹藩.中医药常用名词术语英译.北京:中国中医药出版社,2004:101-113
[17]中医药学名词审定委员会.中医药学名词.北京:科学出版社,2005:245-253
[18]世界卫生组织(西太平洋地区).WHO西太平洋地区传统医学名词术语国际标准.北京:北京大学医学出版社,2009:162-177
[19]李振吉.中医基本名词术语中英对照国际标准.北京:人民卫生出版社,2007:381-403
[20]申雨平.西方翻译理论精选.北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2002:364
[21]兰凤利.评魏迺杰的《实用英文中医辞典》.中国中西医结合杂志,2006,26(2):177-180
[22]夏征农.辞海[缩印本(音序)].上海:上海辞书出版社,2002:2006
[23]谷峰.中医“头痛”病名考辨.吉林中医药,2012,32(9):959-960
[2]谭颖颖,刘昭纯.《内经》疾病命名特点探析.中医药学刊,2006,24(9)::1682-1683
[3]刘耀,周扬.中医药古文献语料库词语标识标准探讨.中国中医药信息杂志,2002,9(3):85-87
[4]闻永毅,樊新荣.中医英语语料库建设可行性探讨.上海中医药杂志,2003,37(4):45-46
[5]倪传斌.中医英语语料库的建库原则.上海中医药大学学报,2005,19(3):5-6
[6]闻永毅,樊新荣.基于语料库的《黄帝内经》研究方法探索.中国中医基础医学杂志,2011,17(5):493-495
[7]兰凤利.基于平行语料库的中医典籍基本概念英译研究.上海:上海交通大学,2008:37
[8]刘延金,雷刚,陈海员,等.中医汉英双语语料库平台.计算机工程,2008,34(11):266-267
[9]李苹,施蕴中.语料库语言学《黄帝内经》汉英语料库.中国科技信息,2009(3):259-261
[10]徐春捷,赵秋荣.中医翻译框架中的英汉平行语料库的研发.外语学刊,2014(4):152-154
[11]兰彩玉.中药汉英双语平行语料库的设计及构建.亚太传统医药,2014,10(8):1-3
[12]朱剑飞.《黄帝内经》英译研究的语料库视角.中国中医基础医学杂志,2015(9):1161-1164
[13]黄昌宁,李涓子.语料库语言学.北京:商务印书馆,2002
[14]李照国.YELLOW EMPEROR’S CANON OF MEDICINE PLAIN CONVERSATION.西安:世界图书出版公司,2005
[15]吴连胜,吴奇.YELLOW EMPEROR’S CANON OF INTERNAL MEDICINE.北京:中国科学技术出版社,1997
[16]谢竹藩.中医药常用名词术语英译.北京:中国中医药出版社,2004:101-113
[17]中医药学名词审定委员会.中医药学名词.北京:科学出版社,2005:245-253
[18]世界卫生组织(西太平洋地区).WHO西太平洋地区传统医学名词术语国际标准.北京:北京大学医学出版社,2009:162-177
[19]李振吉.中医基本名词术语中英对照国际标准.北京:人民卫生出版社,2007:381-403
[20]申雨平.西方翻译理论精选.北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2002:364
[21]兰凤利.评魏迺杰的《实用英文中医辞典》.中国中西医结合杂志,2006,26(2):177-180
[22]夏征农.辞海[缩印本(音序)].上海:上海辞书出版社,2002:2006
[23]谷峰.中医“头痛”病名考辨.吉林中医药,2012,32(9):959-960