润滑油基础油脱酸技术研究进展
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摘要
本文分析比较了润滑油基础油脱酸领域内各种技术的优缺点并介绍了近年来我国一些科研机构及炼化企业为解决基础油酸值超标问题所开展的实验室研究、中试试验及工业化实践。经分析后提出建议,为实现润滑油基础油的深度脱酸,可将开发的一些润滑油基础油脱酸技术与目前国内现有"老三套"工艺结合起来:在目前加氢技术日趋成熟的情况下,有条件上加氢装置的炼厂可采用"加氢脱酸"配合"老三套"工艺,无条件上加氢装置的炼厂,可在"老三套"中使用其他的非加氢处理措施,使基础油酸值能够满足相关标准。
In this paper, the current status of lube base oil deacidfication technologies in China was introduced. Various technologies were compared and discussed, meanwhile, the laboratory, the pilot and industrial scale tests implemented by some research institutions and refineries in China to solve this problem in recent years were also introduced. After the above analysis,it is suggested that those refineries who are capable of adopting hydrogenation technology can combine the hydrogenation deacidification with the traditional lube base oil processing technology, while, for others, non-hydrogenation technologies can be incorporated into the traditional one to lower the value of lube base oil so that it can meet the related standard.
In this paper, the current status of lube base oil deacidfication technologies in China was introduced. Various technologies were compared and discussed, meanwhile, the laboratory, the pilot and industrial scale tests implemented by some research institutions and refineries in China to solve this problem in recent years were also introduced. After the above analysis,it is suggested that those refineries who are capable of adopting hydrogenation technology can combine the hydrogenation deacidification with the traditional lube base oil processing technology, while, for others, non-hydrogenation technologies can be incorporated into the traditional one to lower the value of lube base oil so that it can meet the related standard.
引文
[1]李正平.清洁脱除馏分油中环烷酸的方法研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东)化学工程学院,2008.
[2]刘江华,甄新平,熊良铨,等.克拉玛依稠油减四线馏分微反应器脱酸中试研究[J].石油炼制与化工,2012,43(5):29-31.
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[4]刘海龙.高桥“老三套”装置加工卡伦原油分析[J].石油商技,2013,31(4):78-85.
[5]毛满意,夏明桂,何精平,等.中间基润滑油基础油的脱氮与吸附脱酸[J].石油炼制与化工,2008,39(10):14-17.
[6]夏明桂,毛满意,徐文刚,等.润滑油基础油脱酸剂及其使用方法:中国,CN101220294[P].2008-07-16.
[7]韩恒文,段庆华.高酸值润滑油基础油脱酸研究[J].石油炼制与化工,2012,43(12):35-38.
[8]钱伯章.润滑油基础油生产技术进展[J].润滑油与燃料,2013,23(3):1-9.
[9]李静.离子液体脱除酸性油品中环烷酸的研究[D].上海:华东理工大学石油加工所,2011.
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[11]Duan JY,Sun Y,Shi L.Three different types of heterocycle of nitrogen-containing alkaline ionic liquids treatment of acid oil to remove naphthenic acids[J].Catalysis Today,2013,(212):180-185.
[12]离子液体法润滑油脱酸新技术[J].精细化工原料及中间体,2008,10(11):48.
[13]Zhang AH,Ma QS,Wang KS,et al.Naphthenic acid removal from crude oil through catalytic decarboxylation on magnesium oxide[J].Applied Catalysis A:General,2006,303(1):103-109.
[14]Ding LH,Rahimi P,Hawkins R,et al.Naphthenic acid removal from heavy oils on alkaline earth-metal oxides and ZnO catalysts[J].Applied Catalysis A:General,2009,371(1-2):121-130.
[15]钟读乐,王延臻,韩晓彤,等.减二线馏分油催化分解脱酸工艺研究[J].石油炼制与化工,2012,43(5):10-13.
[16]申海平,王玉章,李锐.高酸原油热处理脱酸的研究[J].石油炼制与化工,2004,35(2):32-35.
[17]Wang YZ,Li JY,Sun XY,et al.Removal of naphthenic acids from crude oils by fixed-bed catalytic esterification[J].Fuel,2014,(116):723-728.
[18]何柏,汪建康,游晓兰,等.减压馏分油催化酯化脱酸的研究[J].石油化工,2013,42(11):1282-1285.
[19]吴雁,王豪,钟婷,等.K2CO3/Al2O3固体碱催化酯化原油脱酸[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,33(2):152-156.
[20]李子峰,田松柏,王子军.Mg/Al氧化物催化高酸原油酯化降酸的研究[J].石油炼制与化工,2009,40(8):50-53.
[21]Li XH,Zhu JH,Liu QL,et al.The removal of naphthenic acids from dewaxed VGO via esterification catalyzed by Mg-Al hydrotalcite[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2013,(111):68-77.
[22]王延臻,刘艳苹,刘晨光,等.原油及馏分油酯化脱酸的催化剂和工艺:中国,CN1670132[P].2005-09-21.
[23]Mandal PC,Wahyudiono,Sasaki M,et al.Non-catalytic reduction of total acid number(TAN)of naphthenic acids(NAs)using supercritical methanol[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2013,(106):641-644.
[24]孙凯.SZ36-1减三线润滑油馏分加氢脱酸研究[D].天津:天津大学化工学院,2011.
[25]刘广元,康小洪,等.加氢技术在环烷基润滑油生产中的应用[J].润滑油,2005,20(4):28-32.
[26]木合塔尔·买买提,李先进.液相络合脱氮工艺在润滑油白土精制装置上的应用[J].润滑油,2013,28(5):50-54.
[27]孙国方,汪劲松,等.馏分油脱酸技术研究进展[R].西安:第八届全国工业催化技术及应用年会,2011.
[2]刘江华,甄新平,熊良铨,等.克拉玛依稠油减四线馏分微反应器脱酸中试研究[J].石油炼制与化工,2012,43(5):29-31.
[3]许乐新,许意成,靳国民,等.润滑油基础油脱酸工艺:中国,CN1944583[P].2007-04-11.
[4]刘海龙.高桥“老三套”装置加工卡伦原油分析[J].石油商技,2013,31(4):78-85.
[5]毛满意,夏明桂,何精平,等.中间基润滑油基础油的脱氮与吸附脱酸[J].石油炼制与化工,2008,39(10):14-17.
[6]夏明桂,毛满意,徐文刚,等.润滑油基础油脱酸剂及其使用方法:中国,CN101220294[P].2008-07-16.
[7]韩恒文,段庆华.高酸值润滑油基础油脱酸研究[J].石油炼制与化工,2012,43(12):35-38.
[8]钱伯章.润滑油基础油生产技术进展[J].润滑油与燃料,2013,23(3):1-9.
[9]李静.离子液体脱除酸性油品中环烷酸的研究[D].上海:华东理工大学石油加工所,2011.
[10]Anderson K,Goodrich P,Hardacre C,et al.Removal of naphthenic acids from crude oil using amino acid ionic liquids[J].Fuel,2013,(108):715-722.
[11]Duan JY,Sun Y,Shi L.Three different types of heterocycle of nitrogen-containing alkaline ionic liquids treatment of acid oil to remove naphthenic acids[J].Catalysis Today,2013,(212):180-185.
[12]离子液体法润滑油脱酸新技术[J].精细化工原料及中间体,2008,10(11):48.
[13]Zhang AH,Ma QS,Wang KS,et al.Naphthenic acid removal from crude oil through catalytic decarboxylation on magnesium oxide[J].Applied Catalysis A:General,2006,303(1):103-109.
[14]Ding LH,Rahimi P,Hawkins R,et al.Naphthenic acid removal from heavy oils on alkaline earth-metal oxides and ZnO catalysts[J].Applied Catalysis A:General,2009,371(1-2):121-130.
[15]钟读乐,王延臻,韩晓彤,等.减二线馏分油催化分解脱酸工艺研究[J].石油炼制与化工,2012,43(5):10-13.
[16]申海平,王玉章,李锐.高酸原油热处理脱酸的研究[J].石油炼制与化工,2004,35(2):32-35.
[17]Wang YZ,Li JY,Sun XY,et al.Removal of naphthenic acids from crude oils by fixed-bed catalytic esterification[J].Fuel,2014,(116):723-728.
[18]何柏,汪建康,游晓兰,等.减压馏分油催化酯化脱酸的研究[J].石油化工,2013,42(11):1282-1285.
[19]吴雁,王豪,钟婷,等.K2CO3/Al2O3固体碱催化酯化原油脱酸[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,33(2):152-156.
[20]李子峰,田松柏,王子军.Mg/Al氧化物催化高酸原油酯化降酸的研究[J].石油炼制与化工,2009,40(8):50-53.
[21]Li XH,Zhu JH,Liu QL,et al.The removal of naphthenic acids from dewaxed VGO via esterification catalyzed by Mg-Al hydrotalcite[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2013,(111):68-77.
[22]王延臻,刘艳苹,刘晨光,等.原油及馏分油酯化脱酸的催化剂和工艺:中国,CN1670132[P].2005-09-21.
[23]Mandal PC,Wahyudiono,Sasaki M,et al.Non-catalytic reduction of total acid number(TAN)of naphthenic acids(NAs)using supercritical methanol[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2013,(106):641-644.
[24]孙凯.SZ36-1减三线润滑油馏分加氢脱酸研究[D].天津:天津大学化工学院,2011.
[25]刘广元,康小洪,等.加氢技术在环烷基润滑油生产中的应用[J].润滑油,2005,20(4):28-32.
[26]木合塔尔·买买提,李先进.液相络合脱氮工艺在润滑油白土精制装置上的应用[J].润滑油,2013,28(5):50-54.
[27]孙国方,汪劲松,等.馏分油脱酸技术研究进展[R].西安:第八届全国工业催化技术及应用年会,2011.