小麦无垄栽培条件下适宜品种及灌水次数的研究
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摘要
为实现小麦机械化无垄栽培大面积推广,研究适宜的小麦品种和最优灌溉次数,采用裂区试验选择不同类型的品种、不同的浇水次数,结合产量比较研究不同灌溉条件下的最适宜品种。结果表明,中穗型和大穗型品种产量比较高,相对于多穗型品种更适合无垄栽培;具备灌1～2水条件的地块应选择中、多穗型品种,具备灌2～3水条件的地块应选择中、大穗型品种;灌2水水分利用效率最高。
In order to popularize the mechanized ridge-free cultivation of wheat in large area, the most suitable wheat varieties and the optimal irrigation times were studied. Different types of varieties and different periods of irrigation were selected by split plot experiment to compare the yield and select the suitable varieties under different irrigation conditions. The results showed that the varieties with medium and large spikes had higher yields and were more suitable for ridge-free cultivation than those with multi-spikes;the varieties with medium and multi-spikes should be selected for plots with irrigation conditions of 1 ～2 water, and the varieties with medium and large spikes should be selected for plots with irrigation conditions of 2 ～3 water, and the water use efficiency of irrigation2 water was the highest.
In order to popularize the mechanized ridge-free cultivation of wheat in large area, the most suitable wheat varieties and the optimal irrigation times were studied. Different types of varieties and different periods of irrigation were selected by split plot experiment to compare the yield and select the suitable varieties under different irrigation conditions. The results showed that the varieties with medium and large spikes had higher yields and were more suitable for ridge-free cultivation than those with multi-spikes;the varieties with medium and multi-spikes should be selected for plots with irrigation conditions of 1 ～2 water, and the varieties with medium and large spikes should be selected for plots with irrigation conditions of 2 ～3 water, and the water use efficiency of irrigation2 water was the highest.
引文
[1]乔蕊清,卫云宗,刘新月,等.冬小麦撒播简化高产栽培技术的研究与应用[J].小麦研究,2001(2):15-17.
[2]何立谦,张维宏,杜雄,等.土下覆膜与适宜灌水提高冬小麦水分利用率[J].农业工程学报,2016(S1):94-104.
[3]姚玉璧,王润元,杨金虎,等.黄土高原半湿润区气候变化对冬小麦生育及水分利用效率的影响[J].西北植物学报,2011(11):2290-2297.
[4]贺立恒,高志强,孙敏,等.旱地小麦休闲期不同耕作措施对土壤水分蓄纳利用与产量形成的影响[J].中国农学通报,2012(15):106-111.
[5]邓振镛,张强,王强,等.黄土高原旱作区土壤贮水力和农田耗水量对冬小麦水分利用率的影响[J].生态学报,2010(14):3672-3678.
[6]乔俊芳.不同种植方式对冬小麦生理特性及耗水特点的影响[D].晋中:山西农业大学,2017.
[7]马恺.晋南旱塬土壤水分与冬小麦产量长期变化规律研究[D].太原:山西大学,2014.
[8]李昊儒.滴灌施肥条件下冬小麦—夏玉米生长发育及水氮利用效率研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2014.
[9]薛丽萍.灌水时期对小麦产量及水分利用效率的影响[J].山西农业科学,2013,41(5):463-465.
[10]王映红,董昀,盛坤,等.灌水对不同小麦品种产量和水分利用效率的影响[J].河南农业科学,2011,40(12):61-64.
[11]曹彩云,党红凯,郑春莲,等.不同灌溉模式对小麦产量、耗水及水分利用效率的影响[J].华北农学报,2016(S1):17-24.
[12]刘定辉,庞良玉,陈尚洪,等.覆盖与底墒对丘陵旱地小麦产量与水分利用的影响[J].西南农业学报,2010(3):641-643.
[13]陈楠楠.温度和二氧化碳升高对稻麦产量及生物量影响的整合分析研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2014.
[14]孟维伟.小麦高产优质需水需氮特性的研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2008.
[15]狄楠.灌水深度对冬小麦根系形态分布及根系活力的影响[D].太原:太原理工大学,2016.
[2]何立谦,张维宏,杜雄,等.土下覆膜与适宜灌水提高冬小麦水分利用率[J].农业工程学报,2016(S1):94-104.
[3]姚玉璧,王润元,杨金虎,等.黄土高原半湿润区气候变化对冬小麦生育及水分利用效率的影响[J].西北植物学报,2011(11):2290-2297.
[4]贺立恒,高志强,孙敏,等.旱地小麦休闲期不同耕作措施对土壤水分蓄纳利用与产量形成的影响[J].中国农学通报,2012(15):106-111.
[5]邓振镛,张强,王强,等.黄土高原旱作区土壤贮水力和农田耗水量对冬小麦水分利用率的影响[J].生态学报,2010(14):3672-3678.
[6]乔俊芳.不同种植方式对冬小麦生理特性及耗水特点的影响[D].晋中:山西农业大学,2017.
[7]马恺.晋南旱塬土壤水分与冬小麦产量长期变化规律研究[D].太原:山西大学,2014.
[8]李昊儒.滴灌施肥条件下冬小麦—夏玉米生长发育及水氮利用效率研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2014.
[9]薛丽萍.灌水时期对小麦产量及水分利用效率的影响[J].山西农业科学,2013,41(5):463-465.
[10]王映红,董昀,盛坤,等.灌水对不同小麦品种产量和水分利用效率的影响[J].河南农业科学,2011,40(12):61-64.
[11]曹彩云,党红凯,郑春莲,等.不同灌溉模式对小麦产量、耗水及水分利用效率的影响[J].华北农学报,2016(S1):17-24.
[12]刘定辉,庞良玉,陈尚洪,等.覆盖与底墒对丘陵旱地小麦产量与水分利用的影响[J].西南农业学报,2010(3):641-643.
[13]陈楠楠.温度和二氧化碳升高对稻麦产量及生物量影响的整合分析研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2014.
[14]孟维伟.小麦高产优质需水需氮特性的研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2008.
[15]狄楠.灌水深度对冬小麦根系形态分布及根系活力的影响[D].太原:太原理工大学,2016.