四川盆地侏罗系沙溪庙组天然气地球化学特征及地质意义
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摘要
四川盆地侏罗系沙溪庙组天然气具有埋藏浅、成本低、周期短、见效快等优点,受到广泛的重视,是目前低油价下效益开发的重要现实领域之一。通过对侏罗系沙溪庙组天然气组分、天然气碳同位素等地球化学实验数据的分析,揭示了川西地区侏罗系沙溪庙组天然气来自于下伏的须家河组煤系烃源岩,川中北地区沙溪庙组天然气来自于下伏侏罗系湖相烃源岩,川东北地区侏罗系沙溪庙组天然气来自于下伏的须家河组煤系烃源岩和侏罗系湖相烃源岩。结合气源分析结果、构造背景和目前盆地致密气勘探开发程度,明确了侏罗系沙溪庙组浅层致密气向川西北、川中北和川东北地区进行"深化、甩开勘探开发部署"的总体方针,其中川西地区龙门山前缘北段的梓潼凹陷,川中北地区的金华、秋林、公山庙、营山地区以及川东北大巴山前缘的五宝场、渡口河地区具备良好的成藏条件,是下一步浅层致密气的重点勘探地区。
The natural gas in Jurassic Shaximao Formation of Sichuan Basin has the advantages of shallow burial,excellent quality,low development cost,short period and quick response.As an important practical field of efficient development under low oil prices,it has attracted much attention from exploration developers for a long term.Through analyzing the natural gas geochemical experimental data such as natural gas components and natural gas carbon isotopes of the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation,it is revealed that natural gas from the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation in the western Sichuan Basin originates from coal source rocks of the underlying Xujiahe Formation.The natural gas of Shaximiao Formation in the northern part of central Sichuan Basin is sourced from the underlying Jurassic source rocks,and the natural gas of the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation in the northeast of Sichuan Basin is from coal source rocks of the underlying Xujiahe Formation and the Jurassic lake source rocks.In combination with gas source analysis results,structural background as well as the current exploration and development degree of tight gas in the basin,the general policy of"deepening and abandoning exploration and development"is clarified for the Jurassic shallow tight gas from Shaximiao Formation towards the northwestern,north-central and northeastern regions of Sichuan Basin.Of these,in the northern section of the front edge of Longmen Mountain in the western Sichuan Basin,Jinhua,Qiulin,Gongshanmiao and Yingshan in the northern part of central Sichuan Basin as well as the Wubaochang and Duduhe areas on the front edge of Dabashan in the northeastern Sichuan Basin have good accumulation conditions,which is a key exploration area of shallow tight gas.
The natural gas in Jurassic Shaximao Formation of Sichuan Basin has the advantages of shallow burial,excellent quality,low development cost,short period and quick response.As an important practical field of efficient development under low oil prices,it has attracted much attention from exploration developers for a long term.Through analyzing the natural gas geochemical experimental data such as natural gas components and natural gas carbon isotopes of the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation,it is revealed that natural gas from the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation in the western Sichuan Basin originates from coal source rocks of the underlying Xujiahe Formation.The natural gas of Shaximiao Formation in the northern part of central Sichuan Basin is sourced from the underlying Jurassic source rocks,and the natural gas of the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation in the northeast of Sichuan Basin is from coal source rocks of the underlying Xujiahe Formation and the Jurassic lake source rocks.In combination with gas source analysis results,structural background as well as the current exploration and development degree of tight gas in the basin,the general policy of"deepening and abandoning exploration and development"is clarified for the Jurassic shallow tight gas from Shaximiao Formation towards the northwestern,north-central and northeastern regions of Sichuan Basin.Of these,in the northern section of the front edge of Longmen Mountain in the western Sichuan Basin,Jinhua,Qiulin,Gongshanmiao and Yingshan in the northern part of central Sichuan Basin as well as the Wubaochang and Duduhe areas on the front edge of Dabashan in the northeastern Sichuan Basin have good accumulation conditions,which is a key exploration area of shallow tight gas.
引文
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[18]李军,王世谦.四川盆地平昌-阆中地区侏罗系油气成藏主控因素与勘探对策[J].天然气工业,2010,30(3):16-21.LI Jun,WANG Shiqian.The main factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation in the Jurassic of Pingchang-Langzhong area in the Sichuan Basin and its exploration strategies[J].Natural Gas Industry,2010,30(3):16-21.
[19]邹才能,陶士振,侯连华,等.非常规油气地质[M].2版.北京:地质出版社,2013.ZOU Caineng,TAO Shizhen,HOU Lianhua,et al.Unconventional petroleum geology[M].2nd ed.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2013.
[20]邓康龄,王信.四川盆地西部侏罗纪沉积相及油气分布[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2004,24(3):90-95.DENG Kangling,WANG Xin.The Jurassic sedimentary facies and oil-gas distribution in western Sichuan Basin[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2004,24(3):90-95.
[21]谢增业,张本健,杨春龙,等.川西北地区泥盆系天然气沥青地球化学特征及来源示踪[J].石油学报,2018,39(10):1103-1113.XIE Zengye,ZHANG Benjian,YANG Chunlong,et al.Geochemical characteristics and source trace of the Devonian natural gas and bitumen in Northwest Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2018,39(10):1103-1113.
[2]李登华,李建忠,张斌,等.四川盆地侏罗系致密油形成条件、资源潜力与甜点区预测[J].石油学报,2017,38(7):740-752.LI Denghua,LI Jianzhong,ZHANG Bin,et al.Formation condition,resource potential and sweet-spot area prediction of Jurassic tight oil in Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(7):740-752.
[3]庞正炼,陶士振,张琴,等.四川盆地侏罗系致密油二次运移机制与富集主控因素[J].石油学报,2018,39(11):1211-1222.PANG Zhenglian,TAO Shizhen,ZHANG Qin,et al.Secondary migration mechanism and accumulation controlling factors of Jurassic tight oil in Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2018,39(11):1211-1222.
[4]黄东,李育聪,刘敏,等.川中地区中侏罗统沙溪庙组一段油气藏特征及勘探潜力评价[J].中国石油勘探,2017,22(2):44-49.HUANG Dong,LI Yucong,LIU Min,et al.Reservoir features and exploration potential of the 1st Member of Shaximiao Formation of Middle Jurassic in central Sichuan Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2017,22(2):44-49.
[5]全国天然气标准化技术委员会.天然气的组成分析气相色谱法:GB/T13610-2003[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003.National Natural Gas Standardization Technical Committee.A-nalysis of natural gas composipion by gas chromatography:GB/T13610-2003[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2003.
[6]石油天然气地质勘探专业标准化委员会.有机物和碳酸盐岩碳、氧同位素分析方法:SY/T5238-2008[S].北京:石油工业出版社,2008.Standardization Committee for Petroleum and Natural Gas Geological Exploration.Analysis method for carbon and oxygen isotope of organic matter and carbonate:SY/T5238-2008[S].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2008.
[7]杨光,吴凯佳,黄东,等.源储异位型河道砂致密油气成藏特征及勘探模式研究——以四川盆地侏罗系沙一段致密油气为例[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2018,33(增刊1):10-15.YANG Guang,WU Kaijia,HUANG Dong,et al.Study on the characteristics and exploration patterns of source reservoir heterotopic channel sand tight oil gas reservoirs:take the tight oil and gas in the Jurassic sedimentary section of Sichuan Basin as an example[J].Journal of Xi'An Petroleum University:Natural Science Edition,2018,33(S1):10-15.
[8]黄东,杨光,韦腾强,等.川中桂花油田大安寨段致密油高产稳产再认识[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2015,37(5):23-32.HUANG Dong,YANG Guang,WEI Tengqiang,et al.Recognition of high yield and stable yield factors of Daanzhai tight oil,Guihua oilfield[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University:Science&Technology Edition,2015,37(5):23-32.
[9]唐大海,陈洪斌,谢继荣,等.四川盆地西部侏罗系沙溪庙组气藏成藏条件[J].天然气勘探与开发,2005,28(3):14-19.TANG Dahai,CHEN Hongbin,XIE Jirong,et al.Reservoir forming conditions of Jurassic Shaximiao Formation,West Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2005,28(3):14-19.
[10]杨光,黄东,黄平辉,等.四川盆地中部侏罗系大安寨段致密油高产稳产主控因素[J].石油勘探与开发,2017,44(5):817-826.YANG Guang,HUANG Dong,HUANG Pinghui,et al.Control factors of high and stable production of Jurassic Da’anzhai Member tight oil in central Sichuan Basin,SW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,44(5):817-826.
[11]曾焱,黎华继,周文雅,等.川西坳陷东坡中江气田沙溪庙组复杂“窄”河道致密砂岩气藏高产富集规律[J].天然气勘探与开发,2017,40(4):1-8.ZENG Yan,LI Huaji,ZHOU Wenya,et al.High-yield enrichment laws of Shaximiao Formation tight sandstone gas reservoir of complex"narrow"channel in Zhongjiang gas field,in the eastern slope of West Sichuan depression[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2017,40(4):1-8.
[12]邹才能,杨智,陶士振,等.纳米油气与源储共生型油气聚集[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(1):13-26.ZOU Caineng,YANG Zhi,TAO Shizhen,et al.Nano-hydrocarbon and the accumulation in coexisting source and reservoir[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(1):13-26.
[13]邹才能,朱如凯,吴松涛,等.常规与非常规油气聚集类型、特征、机理及展望——以中国致密油和致密气为例[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):173-187.ZOU Caineng,ZHU Rukai,WU Songtao,et al.Types,characteristics,genesis and prospects of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon accumulations:taking tight oil and tight gas in China as an instance[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(2):173-187.
[14]郭秋麟,陈宁生,吴晓智,等.致密油资源评价方法研究[J].中国石油勘探,2013,18(2):67-76.GUO Qiulin,CHEN Ningsheng,WU Xiaozhi,et al.Method for assessment of tight oil resources[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2013,18(2):67-76.
[15]邱振,邹才能,李建忠,等.非常规油气资源评价进展与未来展望[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(2):238-246.QIU Zhen,ZOU Caineng,LI Jianzhong,et al.Unconventional petroleum resources assessment:progress and future prospects[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(2):238-246.
[16]梁狄刚,冉隆辉,戴弹申,等.四川盆地中北部侏罗系大面积非常规石油勘探潜力的再认识[J].石油学报,2011,32(1):8-17.LIANG Digang,RAN Longhui,DAI Danshen,et al.A re-recognition of the prospecting potential of Jurassic large-area and nonconventional oils in the central-northern Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(1):8-17.
[17]杜敏,陈盛吉,万茂霞,等.四川盆地侏罗系源岩分布及地化特征研究[J].天然气勘探与开发,2005,28(2):15-17.DU Min,CHEN Shengji,WAN Maoxia,et al.Study on distribution and geo-chemical features of Jurassic source rocks in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2005,28(2):15-17.
[18]李军,王世谦.四川盆地平昌-阆中地区侏罗系油气成藏主控因素与勘探对策[J].天然气工业,2010,30(3):16-21.LI Jun,WANG Shiqian.The main factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation in the Jurassic of Pingchang-Langzhong area in the Sichuan Basin and its exploration strategies[J].Natural Gas Industry,2010,30(3):16-21.
[19]邹才能,陶士振,侯连华,等.非常规油气地质[M].2版.北京:地质出版社,2013.ZOU Caineng,TAO Shizhen,HOU Lianhua,et al.Unconventional petroleum geology[M].2nd ed.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2013.
[20]邓康龄,王信.四川盆地西部侏罗纪沉积相及油气分布[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2004,24(3):90-95.DENG Kangling,WANG Xin.The Jurassic sedimentary facies and oil-gas distribution in western Sichuan Basin[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2004,24(3):90-95.
[21]谢增业,张本健,杨春龙,等.川西北地区泥盆系天然气沥青地球化学特征及来源示踪[J].石油学报,2018,39(10):1103-1113.XIE Zengye,ZHANG Benjian,YANG Chunlong,et al.Geochemical characteristics and source trace of the Devonian natural gas and bitumen in Northwest Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2018,39(10):1103-1113.