湿法脱硫后烟气腐蚀现场实验研究
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摘要
基于提升排放烟羽高度以及排烟脱白的需求,必须对燃煤锅炉烟气湿法脱硫后的湿烟气进行妥当处理。但湿法脱硫后的湿烟气腐蚀性很强,将对下游设备造成严重腐蚀。本文在91 MW层燃供热锅炉湿法脱硫系统后烟道进行了现场腐蚀实验,测试和评估了5种钢材的耐腐蚀能力。实验结果表明,钢材的表面温度对腐蚀过程具有关键影响。随着表面温度的升高,钢材的腐蚀程度首先因为表面沉积物中氯离子浓度升高而加剧,然后因电解质的匮乏而减轻。
Based on the need to increase the height of the exhaust plume and the whitening of the flue gas, the wet flue gas after the wet desulfurization of the flue gas of the coal-fired boiler must be properly disposed. However, thewet flue gas after wet desulfurization is very corrosive and will cause serious corrosion to downstream equipment. Inthis paper, in-plant corrosion tests were conducted in the flue after the wet desulphurization system in a 91 MWcoal-fired travelling grate heating boiler. Five common corrosion-resistant steels including ND steel, 304 L, 316 L,2205 and 2507 were tested and then evaluated. According to the results, surface temperature of the steel was thekey factor in corrosion process. As the surface temperature increased, corrosion of the steels was first exacerbated due to the increase in Cl-concentration in the deposits and then mitigated due to the lack of the electrolyte.
Based on the need to increase the height of the exhaust plume and the whitening of the flue gas, the wet flue gas after the wet desulfurization of the flue gas of the coal-fired boiler must be properly disposed. However, thewet flue gas after wet desulfurization is very corrosive and will cause serious corrosion to downstream equipment. Inthis paper, in-plant corrosion tests were conducted in the flue after the wet desulphurization system in a 91 MWcoal-fired travelling grate heating boiler. Five common corrosion-resistant steels including ND steel, 304 L, 316 L,2205 and 2507 were tested and then evaluated. According to the results, surface temperature of the steel was thekey factor in corrosion process. As the surface temperature increased, corrosion of the steels was first exacerbated due to the increase in Cl-concentration in the deposits and then mitigated due to the lack of the electrolyte.
引文
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[2]赵钦新.我国工业锅炉发展回顾与“十二五”展望[J].工业锅炉, 2011,(6):1-8.Zhao Q X. Reviews and prospects in China.s industrial boiler development[J]. Industrial Boiler, 2011,(6):1-8.
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[4]马修元,惠润堂,杨爱勇,等.湿烟羽形成机理与消散技术数值分析[J].科学技术与工程, 2017, 17(22):220-224.Ma X Y, Hui R T, Yang A Y, et al. Numerical analysis of wet plume formation mechanism and dissipation technique[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2017, 17(22):220-224.
[5]马修元,惠润堂,杨爱勇.湿烟羽消散技术对污染物扩散特性的影响[J].环境工程技术学报, 2017, 7(5):533-538.Ma X Y, Hui R T, Yang A Y. Effects of wet plume elimination technology on pollutants diffusion[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2017, 7(5):533-538.
[6]顾咸志.湿法烟气脱硫装置烟气换热器的腐蚀及预防[J].中国电力, 2006, 39(2):86-91.Gu X Z. Corrosion and protection on the GGH of flue gas desulphurization equipment[J]. Electric Power, 2006, 39(2):86-91.
[7]刘宇钢,罗志忠,陈刚,等.低温省煤器及MGGH运行中存在典型问题分析及对策[J].东方电气评论, 2016, 30(2):31-35.Liu Y G, Luo Z Z, Chen G, et al. Cause analyses on typical operational problems of low temperature economizer and MGGH and proposed countermeasures[J]. Dongfang Electric Review,2016, 30(2):31-35.
[8] Darowicki K, Krakowiak S. Durability evaluation of Ni-Cr-Mo super alloys in a simulated scrubbed flue gas environment[J].Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, 1999, 46(1):19-22.
[9] Crum J R, Shoemaker L E, Stiltner G. The role of nickel alloys in fighting corrosion in wet limestone FGD systems[C]//CORROSION96, NACE International, 1996.
[10] Jansen P, Hansen V, Jensen T. Corrosion experience with carbon steel in spray absorption FGD plant[J]. Materials&Corrosion,1992, 43(6):310-315.
[11] Dahl L. Corrosion in flue gas desulfurization plants and other low temperature equipment[J]. Materials&Corrosion, 1992, 43(6):298-304.
[12] Shoemaker L E, Crum J R. Experience in effective application of metallic materials for construction of FGD systems[R]. Special Metals, 2010.
[13] Pettersson R, Ekman S, Bergquist A, et al. Corrosion of austenitic and duplex stainless steels in flue gas cleaning systems for waste combustion processes[C]//CORROSION 2013. NACE International, 2013.
[14]赵阳,梁磊,张建良,等.湿法脱硫烟气系统腐蚀环境及ND钢与316L不锈钢的耐蚀性能比较[J].上海电力学院学报, 2016,32(3):216-220.Zhao Y, Liang L, Zhang J L, et al. Flue gas wet desulphurization system corrosion environment and the comparison of ND steel and316L corrosion resistance[J]. Journal of Shanghai University of Electric Power, 2016, 32(3):216-220.
[15] Kim M T, Chang S Y, Oh O Y, et al. Failure analysis of enamelcoated carbon steel heating elements of gas-gas heater for flue gas desulfurization system[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2007, 14(4):686-693.
[16] Pan P Y, Chen H, Liang Z Y, et al. Experimental study on corrosion of steels for flue gas reheaters in a coal-fired power plant[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017, 115:267-279.
[17]赵钦新,周屈兰.工业锅炉节能减排现状、存在问题及对策[J].工业锅炉, 2010,(1):1-6.Zhao Q X, Zhou Q L. Solutions, questions and status of China.s industrial boiler[J]. Industrial Boiler, 2010,(1):1-6.
[18]赵钦新,杨文君,孙一睿,等.燃煤工业锅炉污染物协同治理关键技术[J].工业锅炉, 2015,(6):1-9.Zhao Q X, Yang W J, Sun Y R, et al. Key technologies of multipollutants synergia control in coa1-fired industrial boiler[J].Industrial Boiler, 2015,(6):1-9.
[19]莫华,朱杰,黄志杰,等.超低排放下不同湿法脱硫技术脱除SO3效果测试与分析[J].中国电力, 2017, 50(3):46-50.Mo H, Zhu J, Huang Z J, et al. Test and study on SO3removal performance of different wet flue gas desulfurization technologies at ultra-low pollutants emission[J]. Electric Power, 2017, 50(3):46-50.
[20]?mand L E, Bo L, Eskilsson D, et al. Deposits on heat transfer tubes during co-combustion of biofuels and sewage sludge[J].Fuel, 2006, 85(10):1313-1322.
[21] Liu K, Xie W, Li D, et al. The effect of chlorine and sulfur on the composition of ash deposits in a fluidized bed combustion system[J]. Theriogenology, 2000, 54(5):757-769.
[22] Yamashita M, Konishi H, Kozakura T, et al. In situ observation of initial rust formation process on carbon steel under NaSO and NaCl solution films with wet/dry cycles using synchrotron radiation X-rays[J]. Corrosion Science, 2005, 47(10):2492-2498.
[23] Tsutsumi Y, Nishikata A, Tsuru T. Pitting corrosion mechanism of Type 304 stainless steel under a droplet of chloride solutions[J].Corrosion Science, 2007, 49(3):1394-1407.
[24] Jin Z H, Ge H H, Lin W W, et al. Corrosion behaviour of 316L stainless steel and anti-corrosion materials in a high acidified chloride solution[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2014, 322:47-56.
[25] Lee J S, Fushimi K, Nakanishi T, et al. Corrosion behaviour of ferrite and austenite phases on super duplex stainless steel in a modified green-death solution[J]. Corrosion Science, 2014, 89(89):111-117.
[26] Wang Y, Wang W, Liu Y, et al. Study of localized corrosion of 304stainless steel under chloride solution droplets using the wire beam electrode[J]. Corrosion Science, 2011, 53(9):2963-2968.
[27] Ma Y, Li Y, Wang F. Corrosion of low carbon steel in atmospheric environments of different chloride content[J]. Corrosion Science,2009, 51(5):997-1006.
[28] Nishimura T. Electrochemical behaviour and structure of rust formed on Si-and Al-bearing steel after atmospheric exposure[J].Corrosion Science, 2010, 52(11):3609-3614.
[29] Rémazeilles C, Refait P. On the formation ofβ-FeOOH(akaganéite)in chloride-containing environments[J]. Corrosion Science, 2007, 49(2):844-857.
[30] Corvo F, Betancourt N, Mendoza A. The influence of airborne salinity on the atmospheric corrosion of steel[J]. Corrosion Science, 1995, 37(12):1889-1901.
[2]赵钦新.我国工业锅炉发展回顾与“十二五”展望[J].工业锅炉, 2011,(6):1-8.Zhao Q X. Reviews and prospects in China.s industrial boiler development[J]. Industrial Boiler, 2011,(6):1-8.
[3]李文艳,王冀星,车建炜.湿法脱硫烟气湿排问题分析[J].中国电机工程学报, 2007, 27(14):36-40.Li W Y, Wang J X, Che J W. Analysis on corresponding problems of WFGD flue gas wet emission[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2007, 27(14):36-40.
[4]马修元,惠润堂,杨爱勇,等.湿烟羽形成机理与消散技术数值分析[J].科学技术与工程, 2017, 17(22):220-224.Ma X Y, Hui R T, Yang A Y, et al. Numerical analysis of wet plume formation mechanism and dissipation technique[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2017, 17(22):220-224.
[5]马修元,惠润堂,杨爱勇.湿烟羽消散技术对污染物扩散特性的影响[J].环境工程技术学报, 2017, 7(5):533-538.Ma X Y, Hui R T, Yang A Y. Effects of wet plume elimination technology on pollutants diffusion[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2017, 7(5):533-538.
[6]顾咸志.湿法烟气脱硫装置烟气换热器的腐蚀及预防[J].中国电力, 2006, 39(2):86-91.Gu X Z. Corrosion and protection on the GGH of flue gas desulphurization equipment[J]. Electric Power, 2006, 39(2):86-91.
[7]刘宇钢,罗志忠,陈刚,等.低温省煤器及MGGH运行中存在典型问题分析及对策[J].东方电气评论, 2016, 30(2):31-35.Liu Y G, Luo Z Z, Chen G, et al. Cause analyses on typical operational problems of low temperature economizer and MGGH and proposed countermeasures[J]. Dongfang Electric Review,2016, 30(2):31-35.
[8] Darowicki K, Krakowiak S. Durability evaluation of Ni-Cr-Mo super alloys in a simulated scrubbed flue gas environment[J].Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, 1999, 46(1):19-22.
[9] Crum J R, Shoemaker L E, Stiltner G. The role of nickel alloys in fighting corrosion in wet limestone FGD systems[C]//CORROSION96, NACE International, 1996.
[10] Jansen P, Hansen V, Jensen T. Corrosion experience with carbon steel in spray absorption FGD plant[J]. Materials&Corrosion,1992, 43(6):310-315.
[11] Dahl L. Corrosion in flue gas desulfurization plants and other low temperature equipment[J]. Materials&Corrosion, 1992, 43(6):298-304.
[12] Shoemaker L E, Crum J R. Experience in effective application of metallic materials for construction of FGD systems[R]. Special Metals, 2010.
[13] Pettersson R, Ekman S, Bergquist A, et al. Corrosion of austenitic and duplex stainless steels in flue gas cleaning systems for waste combustion processes[C]//CORROSION 2013. NACE International, 2013.
[14]赵阳,梁磊,张建良,等.湿法脱硫烟气系统腐蚀环境及ND钢与316L不锈钢的耐蚀性能比较[J].上海电力学院学报, 2016,32(3):216-220.Zhao Y, Liang L, Zhang J L, et al. Flue gas wet desulphurization system corrosion environment and the comparison of ND steel and316L corrosion resistance[J]. Journal of Shanghai University of Electric Power, 2016, 32(3):216-220.
[15] Kim M T, Chang S Y, Oh O Y, et al. Failure analysis of enamelcoated carbon steel heating elements of gas-gas heater for flue gas desulfurization system[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2007, 14(4):686-693.
[16] Pan P Y, Chen H, Liang Z Y, et al. Experimental study on corrosion of steels for flue gas reheaters in a coal-fired power plant[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017, 115:267-279.
[17]赵钦新,周屈兰.工业锅炉节能减排现状、存在问题及对策[J].工业锅炉, 2010,(1):1-6.Zhao Q X, Zhou Q L. Solutions, questions and status of China.s industrial boiler[J]. Industrial Boiler, 2010,(1):1-6.
[18]赵钦新,杨文君,孙一睿,等.燃煤工业锅炉污染物协同治理关键技术[J].工业锅炉, 2015,(6):1-9.Zhao Q X, Yang W J, Sun Y R, et al. Key technologies of multipollutants synergia control in coa1-fired industrial boiler[J].Industrial Boiler, 2015,(6):1-9.
[19]莫华,朱杰,黄志杰,等.超低排放下不同湿法脱硫技术脱除SO3效果测试与分析[J].中国电力, 2017, 50(3):46-50.Mo H, Zhu J, Huang Z J, et al. Test and study on SO3removal performance of different wet flue gas desulfurization technologies at ultra-low pollutants emission[J]. Electric Power, 2017, 50(3):46-50.
[20]?mand L E, Bo L, Eskilsson D, et al. Deposits on heat transfer tubes during co-combustion of biofuels and sewage sludge[J].Fuel, 2006, 85(10):1313-1322.
[21] Liu K, Xie W, Li D, et al. The effect of chlorine and sulfur on the composition of ash deposits in a fluidized bed combustion system[J]. Theriogenology, 2000, 54(5):757-769.
[22] Yamashita M, Konishi H, Kozakura T, et al. In situ observation of initial rust formation process on carbon steel under NaSO and NaCl solution films with wet/dry cycles using synchrotron radiation X-rays[J]. Corrosion Science, 2005, 47(10):2492-2498.
[23] Tsutsumi Y, Nishikata A, Tsuru T. Pitting corrosion mechanism of Type 304 stainless steel under a droplet of chloride solutions[J].Corrosion Science, 2007, 49(3):1394-1407.
[24] Jin Z H, Ge H H, Lin W W, et al. Corrosion behaviour of 316L stainless steel and anti-corrosion materials in a high acidified chloride solution[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2014, 322:47-56.
[25] Lee J S, Fushimi K, Nakanishi T, et al. Corrosion behaviour of ferrite and austenite phases on super duplex stainless steel in a modified green-death solution[J]. Corrosion Science, 2014, 89(89):111-117.
[26] Wang Y, Wang W, Liu Y, et al. Study of localized corrosion of 304stainless steel under chloride solution droplets using the wire beam electrode[J]. Corrosion Science, 2011, 53(9):2963-2968.
[27] Ma Y, Li Y, Wang F. Corrosion of low carbon steel in atmospheric environments of different chloride content[J]. Corrosion Science,2009, 51(5):997-1006.
[28] Nishimura T. Electrochemical behaviour and structure of rust formed on Si-and Al-bearing steel after atmospheric exposure[J].Corrosion Science, 2010, 52(11):3609-3614.
[29] Rémazeilles C, Refait P. On the formation ofβ-FeOOH(akaganéite)in chloride-containing environments[J]. Corrosion Science, 2007, 49(2):844-857.
[30] Corvo F, Betancourt N, Mendoza A. The influence of airborne salinity on the atmospheric corrosion of steel[J]. Corrosion Science, 1995, 37(12):1889-1901.