盐旱交叉胁迫对灰胡杨(Populus pruinosa)幼苗生长和生理生化特性的影响
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摘要
以一年生灰胡杨幼苗为试验材料,利用田间控盐控水的方法,进行干旱和盐胁迫试验,通过测定生长和生理生化指标探讨幼苗在盐旱交叉胁迫下的生长发育及适应规律,旨在阐明干旱及盐交叉胁迫下植物抗旱抗盐机理。研究结果表明:在盐、旱及交叉胁迫下,灰胡杨幼苗抗氧化酶活性、MDA和脯氨酸含量与对照存在显著差异(P<0.05)。(1)在8、11 g/L和15 g/L盐处理下,灰胡杨幼苗相对高生长、相对枝长和冠幅增量均受到抑制,且差异显著(P<0.05),而干旱胁迫和盐旱交互胁迫下差异不显著。(2)在盐胁迫、盐旱交叉胁迫下,随着胁迫程度的加重,抗氧化酶SOD、POD、CAT活性表现出先增加后降低的趋势,三者协调一致;仅干旱胁迫时,抗氧化酶SOD、POD、CAT活性显著增加;(3)在盐、旱及其盐旱交叉胁迫下,脯氨酸含量呈上升趋势,MDA含量则表现出先降低后升高趋势,这与抗氧化酶活性先升高后降低的趋势相对应。因此,抗氧化酶活性对缓解脂膜过氧化的伤害具有一定限度,MDA含量与抗氧化酶活性呈负相关,灰叶胡杨幼苗在盐旱交叉胁迫下表现出一定的耐性。
Using annual Populus pruinosa seedlings as the test material,an experiment of drought and salt stress was carried out by using field salt and water control methods. Growth,physiological,and biochemical indices were used to investigate the growth and adaptation of seedlings under combined salt-drought stress. The results showed that compared to the control group,there were significant differences in the antioxidant enzyme activity,and the MDA and proline contents between Populus pruinosa seedlings under salt,drought and cross-stress.(1) The relative growth of the Populus pruinosa seedlings was significantly inhibited under salt treatments of 8,11 g/L and 15 g/L,( P < 0. 05),while there was no significant difference between drought stress and salt stress.(2) Under salt-drought stress,the activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD,POD,and CAT first increased and then decreased with an increase in the degree of stress,and the difference wassignificant; the activities of SOD,POD,and CAT were significantly increased under drought stress;( 3) Under the conditions of salt,drought,and cross-stress,the MDA content first decreased and then increased,which was in accordance with the trend of increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and then decreasing. The proline content increased with significant difference( P<0.05). Therefore,the activity of antioxidant enzymes has a certain limit on the damage of lipid peroxidation,while the MDA content is negatively correlated with antioxidant enzyme activity,and Populus pruinosa showed some tolerance under salt-drought stress.
Using annual Populus pruinosa seedlings as the test material,an experiment of drought and salt stress was carried out by using field salt and water control methods. Growth,physiological,and biochemical indices were used to investigate the growth and adaptation of seedlings under combined salt-drought stress. The results showed that compared to the control group,there were significant differences in the antioxidant enzyme activity,and the MDA and proline contents between Populus pruinosa seedlings under salt,drought and cross-stress.(1) The relative growth of the Populus pruinosa seedlings was significantly inhibited under salt treatments of 8,11 g/L and 15 g/L,( P < 0. 05),while there was no significant difference between drought stress and salt stress.(2) Under salt-drought stress,the activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD,POD,and CAT first increased and then decreased with an increase in the degree of stress,and the difference wassignificant; the activities of SOD,POD,and CAT were significantly increased under drought stress;( 3) Under the conditions of salt,drought,and cross-stress,the MDA content first decreased and then increased,which was in accordance with the trend of increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and then decreasing. The proline content increased with significant difference( P<0.05). Therefore,the activity of antioxidant enzymes has a certain limit on the damage of lipid peroxidation,while the MDA content is negatively correlated with antioxidant enzyme activity,and Populus pruinosa showed some tolerance under salt-drought stress.
引文
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[3]张卫红,刘大林,苗彦军,闫天芳,蔺永和,徐雅梅.西藏3种野生牧草苗期对干旱胁迫的响应.生态学报,2017,37(21):7277-7285.
[4]郑国琦,许兴,邓西平,徐兆桢,刘振荣.盐分和水分胁迫对枸杞幼苗渗透调节效应的研究.干旱地区农业研究,2002,20(2):56-59.
[5]郑青松,刘兆普,刘友良,刘玲.盐和水分胁迫对海蓬子、芦荟、向日葵幼苗生长及其离子吸收分配的效应.南京农业大学学报,2004,27(2):16-20.
[6]吾尔麦提汗·麦麦提明,卡依尔·玉素甫,热孜亚·艾肯,布阿依夏姆·阿木提,努丽曼姑·司马义,买孜拉木·肉扎洪,麦合甫再木·阿布都热合曼,马相汝,艾尔肯·热合曼.塔里木胡杨林可培养胡杨内生细菌多样性与群落结构的时空演变格局.生态学报,2014,34(22):6622-6639.
[7]王海珍,韩路,徐雅丽,牛建龙.不同温度下灰胡杨叶片气孔导度对光强响应的模型分析.生态环境学报,2015,24(5):741-748.
[8]王海珍,徐雅丽,张翠丽,韩路.干旱胁迫对胡杨和灰胡杨幼苗渗透调节物质及抗氧化酶活性的影响.干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(12):125-130.
[9]韩路,王海珍,徐雅丽,牛建龙.灰胡杨蒸腾速率对气孔导度和水汽压差的响应.干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(8):193-197.
[10]胡利华.胡杨和灰叶胡杨不同耐受盐胁迫机制的初步研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2013.
[11]李志军,罗青红,伍维模,韩路.干旱胁迫对胡杨和灰叶胡杨光合作用及叶绿素荧光特性的影响.干旱区研究,2009,26(1):45-52.
[12]张志刚,李宏,Walther D,杨婵婵,郭光华.塔里木河中游胡杨与灰叶胡杨气体交换特性对比研究.西北植物学报,2012,32(12):2506-2511.
[13]Hsiao T C. Plant responses to water stress. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology,1973,24:519-570.
[14]陈建勋,王晓峰.植物生理学实验指导.广州:华南理工大学出版社,2015.
[15]李忠光,龚明.愈创木酚法测定植物过氧化物酶活性的改进.植物生理学通讯,2008,44(2):323-324.
[16]廖丹,杨烨,李青耘,谢姗姗,王静.测定过氧化氢酶活性的分光光度法的建立及验证.中国生物制品学杂志,2015,28(4):418-421,425-425.
[17]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术.北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[18]高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导.北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[19]陈平,孟平,张劲松,何春霞,贾长荣,李建中.两种药用植物生长和水分利用效率对干旱胁迫的响应.应用生态学报,2014,25(5):1300-1306.
[20]李子英,丛日春,杨庆山,周健.盐碱胁迫对柳树幼苗生长和渗透调节物质含量的影响.生态学报,2017,37(24):8511-8517.
[21]周洪华,李卫红,木巴热克·阿尤普,徐茜.荒漠河岸林植物木质部导水与栓塞特征及其对干旱胁迫的响应.植物生态学报,2012,36(1):19-29.
[22]陈贵林,王晨霞,陈建英. Na Cl胁迫对白刺试管苗渗透调节物质及离子含量的影响.西北植物学报,2009,29(6):1233-1239.
[23]秦斐斐,慈敦伟.花生幼苗对重复干旱胁迫的生理响应.生态学报,2017,37(24):8486-8498.
[24]张瑞群,马晓东,吕豪豪.多枝柽柳幼苗生长及其根系解剖结构对水盐胁迫的响应.草业科学,2016,33(6):1164-1173.
[25]汪贵斌,曹福亮,王媛.涝渍对3个树种生长、组织孔隙度和渗漏氧的影响.植物生态学报,2012,36(9):982-991.
[26]刘旭,陈芬,刘博,谭军.盐分和水分胁迫对金叶白蜡幼苗生长及生理生化特性的影响.安徽农业科学,2015,43(28):181-183.
[27]周瑞莲,王进,杨淑琴,杨树德.海滨沙滩单叶蔓荆对沙埋的生理响应特征.生态学报,2013,33(6):1973-1981.
[28]Acar O,Türkan I,zdemir F. Superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities in drought sensitive and resistant barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)varieties. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,2001,23(3):351-356.
[29]Bor M,zdemir F,Türkan I. The effect of salt stress on lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in leaves of sugar beet Beta vulgaris L. and wild beet Beta maritima L. Plant Science,2003,164(1):77-84.
[30]庄伟伟,李进,曹满航,冯文娟,李茵萍.盐、旱及其交叉胁迫对银沙槐幼苗保护酶活性的影响.干旱区研究,2010,27(5):760-765.
[31]杨国会,石德成. Na Cl胁迫对甘草叶片相对含水量及保护酶活性的影响.河南农业科学,2009,38(12):104-106.
[32]刘婧,孙培琪,周广芳,史作安,李宪利.枣树叶片衰老过程中丙二醛含量和抗氧化酶活性的变化.落叶果树,2011,43(2):1-3.
[33]赵银河,祝钰,孙明高,孙方行,于振群,孔红岭.干旱和盐分交互胁迫对紫荆、皂角幼苗保护酶活性的影响.山东农业大学学报:自然科学版,2007,38(2):173-177.
[34]王利军.不同种源沙枣对水分和盐分胁迫生长的响应[D].北京:北京林业大学,2010.
[35]刘瑞宁.水分和盐分胁迫下叶底珠幼苗生理特性研究[D].天津:天津师范大学,2008.
[2]陈成升,谢志霞,刘小京.旱盐互作对冬小麦幼苗生长及其抗逆生理特性的影响.应用生态学报,2009,20(4):811-816.
[3]张卫红,刘大林,苗彦军,闫天芳,蔺永和,徐雅梅.西藏3种野生牧草苗期对干旱胁迫的响应.生态学报,2017,37(21):7277-7285.
[4]郑国琦,许兴,邓西平,徐兆桢,刘振荣.盐分和水分胁迫对枸杞幼苗渗透调节效应的研究.干旱地区农业研究,2002,20(2):56-59.
[5]郑青松,刘兆普,刘友良,刘玲.盐和水分胁迫对海蓬子、芦荟、向日葵幼苗生长及其离子吸收分配的效应.南京农业大学学报,2004,27(2):16-20.
[6]吾尔麦提汗·麦麦提明,卡依尔·玉素甫,热孜亚·艾肯,布阿依夏姆·阿木提,努丽曼姑·司马义,买孜拉木·肉扎洪,麦合甫再木·阿布都热合曼,马相汝,艾尔肯·热合曼.塔里木胡杨林可培养胡杨内生细菌多样性与群落结构的时空演变格局.生态学报,2014,34(22):6622-6639.
[7]王海珍,韩路,徐雅丽,牛建龙.不同温度下灰胡杨叶片气孔导度对光强响应的模型分析.生态环境学报,2015,24(5):741-748.
[8]王海珍,徐雅丽,张翠丽,韩路.干旱胁迫对胡杨和灰胡杨幼苗渗透调节物质及抗氧化酶活性的影响.干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(12):125-130.
[9]韩路,王海珍,徐雅丽,牛建龙.灰胡杨蒸腾速率对气孔导度和水汽压差的响应.干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(8):193-197.
[10]胡利华.胡杨和灰叶胡杨不同耐受盐胁迫机制的初步研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2013.
[11]李志军,罗青红,伍维模,韩路.干旱胁迫对胡杨和灰叶胡杨光合作用及叶绿素荧光特性的影响.干旱区研究,2009,26(1):45-52.
[12]张志刚,李宏,Walther D,杨婵婵,郭光华.塔里木河中游胡杨与灰叶胡杨气体交换特性对比研究.西北植物学报,2012,32(12):2506-2511.
[13]Hsiao T C. Plant responses to water stress. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology,1973,24:519-570.
[14]陈建勋,王晓峰.植物生理学实验指导.广州:华南理工大学出版社,2015.
[15]李忠光,龚明.愈创木酚法测定植物过氧化物酶活性的改进.植物生理学通讯,2008,44(2):323-324.
[16]廖丹,杨烨,李青耘,谢姗姗,王静.测定过氧化氢酶活性的分光光度法的建立及验证.中国生物制品学杂志,2015,28(4):418-421,425-425.
[17]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术.北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[18]高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导.北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[19]陈平,孟平,张劲松,何春霞,贾长荣,李建中.两种药用植物生长和水分利用效率对干旱胁迫的响应.应用生态学报,2014,25(5):1300-1306.
[20]李子英,丛日春,杨庆山,周健.盐碱胁迫对柳树幼苗生长和渗透调节物质含量的影响.生态学报,2017,37(24):8511-8517.
[21]周洪华,李卫红,木巴热克·阿尤普,徐茜.荒漠河岸林植物木质部导水与栓塞特征及其对干旱胁迫的响应.植物生态学报,2012,36(1):19-29.
[22]陈贵林,王晨霞,陈建英. Na Cl胁迫对白刺试管苗渗透调节物质及离子含量的影响.西北植物学报,2009,29(6):1233-1239.
[23]秦斐斐,慈敦伟.花生幼苗对重复干旱胁迫的生理响应.生态学报,2017,37(24):8486-8498.
[24]张瑞群,马晓东,吕豪豪.多枝柽柳幼苗生长及其根系解剖结构对水盐胁迫的响应.草业科学,2016,33(6):1164-1173.
[25]汪贵斌,曹福亮,王媛.涝渍对3个树种生长、组织孔隙度和渗漏氧的影响.植物生态学报,2012,36(9):982-991.
[26]刘旭,陈芬,刘博,谭军.盐分和水分胁迫对金叶白蜡幼苗生长及生理生化特性的影响.安徽农业科学,2015,43(28):181-183.
[27]周瑞莲,王进,杨淑琴,杨树德.海滨沙滩单叶蔓荆对沙埋的生理响应特征.生态学报,2013,33(6):1973-1981.
[28]Acar O,Türkan I,zdemir F. Superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities in drought sensitive and resistant barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)varieties. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,2001,23(3):351-356.
[29]Bor M,zdemir F,Türkan I. The effect of salt stress on lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in leaves of sugar beet Beta vulgaris L. and wild beet Beta maritima L. Plant Science,2003,164(1):77-84.
[30]庄伟伟,李进,曹满航,冯文娟,李茵萍.盐、旱及其交叉胁迫对银沙槐幼苗保护酶活性的影响.干旱区研究,2010,27(5):760-765.
[31]杨国会,石德成. Na Cl胁迫对甘草叶片相对含水量及保护酶活性的影响.河南农业科学,2009,38(12):104-106.
[32]刘婧,孙培琪,周广芳,史作安,李宪利.枣树叶片衰老过程中丙二醛含量和抗氧化酶活性的变化.落叶果树,2011,43(2):1-3.
[33]赵银河,祝钰,孙明高,孙方行,于振群,孔红岭.干旱和盐分交互胁迫对紫荆、皂角幼苗保护酶活性的影响.山东农业大学学报:自然科学版,2007,38(2):173-177.
[34]王利军.不同种源沙枣对水分和盐分胁迫生长的响应[D].北京:北京林业大学,2010.
[35]刘瑞宁.水分和盐分胁迫下叶底珠幼苗生理特性研究[D].天津:天津师范大学,2008.